SpringBoot与Rust实战指南

基于Spring Boot和Rust的实用

以下是基于Spring Boot和Rust的实用示例，涵盖常见开发场景，分为Spring Boot（Java）和Rust两部分：

Spring Boot 示例

RESTful API 开发

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class UserController {@GetMapping("/users/{id}")public ResponseEntity<User> getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {User user = userService.findById(id);return ResponseEntity.ok(user);}
}

数据库集成（JPA）

@Entity
public class Product {@Id @GeneratedValueprivate Long id;private String name;private Double price;
}@Repository
public interface ProductRepository extends JpaRepository<Product, Long> {}

异常处理

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {@ExceptionHandler(ResourceNotFoundException.class)public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleNotFound(ResourceNotFoundException ex) {ErrorResponse response = new ErrorResponse(ex.getMessage());return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND).body(response);}
}

安全配置（Spring Security）

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {@BeanSecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.authorizeRequests(auth -> auth.anyRequest().authenticated()).httpBasic(Customizer.withDefaults());return http.build();}
}

异步任务

@Service
public class AsyncService {@Asyncpublic CompletableFuture<String> processTask() {// 模拟耗时操作return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Task completed");}
}

---

Rust 示例

HTTP服务器（Actix-web）

use actix_web::{get, App, HttpResponse, HttpServer, Responder};#[get("/hello")]
async fn hello() -> impl Responder {HttpResponse::Ok().body("Hello from Rust!")
}#[actix_web::main]
async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {HttpServer::new(|| App::new().service(hello)).bind("127.0.0.1:8080")?.run().await
}

文件读写

use std::fs::File;
use std::io::{Read, Write};fn write_file() -> std::io::Result<()> {let mut file = File::create("example.txt")?;file.write_all(b"Hello, Rust!")?;Ok(())
}

并发编程

use std::thread;
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;fn main() {let (sender, receiver) = channel();thread::spawn(move || {sender.send(42).unwrap();});println!("Received: {}", receiver.recv().unwrap());
}

数据库操作（Diesel）

#[derive(Queryable)]
struct User {id: i32,name: String,
}fn get_users(conn: &PgConnection) -> Vec<User> {users::table.load::<User>(conn).unwrap()
}

命令行工具（Clap）

use clap::Parser;#[derive(Parser)]
struct Cli {#[clap(short, long)]name: String,
}fn main() {let args = Cli::parse();println!("Hello, {}!", args.name);
}

混合技术栈示例

Spring Boot调用Rust FFI

1. Rust编译为动态库：

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn add_numbers(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {a + b
}

1. Java通过JNI调用：

public class NativeLib {static { System.loadLibrary("rustlib"); }public static native int addNumbers(int a, int b);
}

Rust调用Spring Boot API

use reqwest::blocking::get;fn fetch_data() -> Result<String, reqwest::Error> {let resp = get("http://localhost:8080/api/users")?.text()?;Ok(resp)
}

以上示例覆盖Web开发、系统编程、数据交互等场景。实际应用中需根据版本调整依赖配置，建议结合官方文档使用。

基于Spring Boot和JDK实现

以下是基于Spring Boot和JDK实现船舶海运图实时监控Web应用的技术方案和关键实现步骤：

技术栈选择

• 后端框架: Spring Boot 2.7.x + WebSocket
• 前端库: OpenLayers/Leaflet（地图渲染） + SockJS（WebSocket客户端）
• 数据协议: GeoJSON（船舶位置数据格式）
• 数据库: PostgreSQL + PostGIS（空间数据存储）

核心模块实现

船舶位置模拟数据生成

// 模拟船舶移动服务
@Service
public class VesselSimulator {private final SimpMessagingTemplate messagingTemplate;public void broadcastPositions() {List<Vessel> vessels = generateRandomPositions();messagingTemplate.convertAndSend("/topic/vessels", new GeoJSONFeatureCollection(vessels));}private List<Vessel> generateRandomPositions() {// 生成带航向、速度的随机坐标}
}

WebSocket实时推送配置

@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {@Overridepublic void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) {config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");}@Overridepublic void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {registry.addEndpoint("/ws").withSockJS();}
}

前端地图渲染实现

// OpenLayers地图初始化
const map = new ol.Map({layers: [new ol.layer.Tile({ source: new ol.source.OSM() })],target: 'map'
});// WebSocket连接
const socket = new SockJS('/ws');
const stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
stompClient.connect({}, () => {stompClient.