完整的登陆学生管理系统(配置数据库)
目录
要求
思路
1. 登录模块(LoginFrame.java)
2. 学生信息管理模块(StudentFrame.java)
3. 数据层(StudentDAO.java)
4. 业务层(StudentService.java / UserService.java)
5. 工具类(DBUtil.java)
项目结构
数据库表格
如何操作
代码
db.properties
Student.java (实体类)
DBUtil.java (数据库工具类)
StudentDAO.java (数据库操作)
UserService.java (简单登录校验)
LoginFrame.java
StudentFrame.java
ButtonRenderer.java
ButtonEditor.java
Main.java
pom.xml
展示
知识点表格
要求
制作一个用户登录,学生管理系统,要求界面如下:
1.LoginFrame:用户登录窗口。
2.StudentFrame:学生信息管理窗口(查询、添加、删除、修改)。
思路
1. 登录模块(LoginFrame.java)
Swing界面:用户名、密码输入框 + 登录按钮。
校验用户名密码。
登录成功后跳转到 StudentFrame。
2. 学生信息管理模块(StudentFrame.java)
查询学生(姓名模糊查询)。
列表展示(JTable)。
删除、修改按钮。
添加学生按钮。
3. 数据层(StudentDAO.java)
数据库CRUD操作(增删改查)。
4. 业务层(StudentService.java / UserService.java)
调用DAO进行数据处理。
登录校验、学生信息管理。
5. 工具类(DBUtil.java)
数据库连接管理(JDBC封装)。
项目结构
StudentManager/
├── src/
│ ├── com.studentmanager/
│ │ ├── frame/
│ │ │ ├── LoginFrame.java
│ │ │ ├── StudentFrame.java│ │ │ ├── ButtonRenderer.java
│ │ │ └── ButtonEditor.java
│ │ ├── entity/
│ │ │ ├── Student.java
│ │ ├── service/
│ │ │ ├── UserService.java
│ │ │ ├── StudentService.java
│ │ ├── dao/
│ │ │ ├── StudentDAO.java
│ │ ├── util/
│ │ │ ├── DBUtil.java
│ │ ├── Main.java
├── resources/
└── db.properties (数据库配置)
数据库表格
-- 创建学生表
create table student (id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(50),address varchar(100)
);-- 创建用户表
create table user (username varchar(50) primary key,password varchar(50)
);-- 插入管理员用户
insert into user values ('admin', '123456');
如何操作
1.在 IDEA 创建 Maven 项目(普通 Java 项目也行)。
2.建立以上目录结构。
3.先写实体类(Student、User)。
4.写 DBUtil 封装 JDBC 连接。
5.写 DAO 层操作数据库。
6.写 Service 层处理业务。
7.先实现 LoginFrame,登录后显示 StudentFrame。
8.实现 JTable 的查询、删除、修改、添加功能。
9.最后测试运行。
代码
db.properties
# db.properties
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/studentdb?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
user=root
password=123456
Student.java (实体类)
package com.studentmanager.entity;public class Student {private int id;private String name;private String address;public Student(int id, String name, String address) {this.id = id;this.name = name;this.address = address;}public int getId() { return id; }public String getName() { return name; }public String getAddress() { return address; }
}
DBUtil.java (数据库工具类)
package com.studentmanager.util;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;public class DBUtil {private static String URL;private static String USER;private static String PASSWORD;static {try (InputStream input = DBUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties")) {Properties prop = new Properties();prop.load(input);URL = prop.getProperty("url");USER = prop.getProperty("user");PASSWORD = prop.getProperty("password");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();throw new RuntimeException("读取数据库配置文件失败", e);}}public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);}
}
StudentDAO.java (数据库操作)
package com.studentmanager.dao;import com.studentmanager.entity.Student;
import com.studentmanager.util.DBUtil;import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class StudentDAO {public List<Student> queryStudents(String name) {List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE name LIKE ?";try (Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {ps.setString(1, "%" + name + "%");ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();while (rs.next()) {list.add(new Student(rs.getInt("id"), rs.getString("name"), rs.getString("address")));}} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return list;}public void deleteStudent(int id) {String sql = "DELETE FROM student WHERE id=?";try (Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {ps.setInt(1, id);ps.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void updateStudent(Student student) {String sql = "UPDATE student SET name=?, address=? WHERE id=?";try (Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {ps.setString(1, student.getName());ps.setString(2, student.getAddress());ps.setInt(3, student.getId());ps.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void addStudent(Student student) {String sql = "INSERT INTO student (name, address) VALUES (?, ?)";try (Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {ps.setString(1, student.getName());ps.setString(2, student.getAddress());ps.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}
UserService.java (简单登录校验)
package com.studentmanager.service;public class UserService {public boolean login(String username, String password) {// 简单写死验证return "admin".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password);}
}
LoginFrame.java
package com.studentmanager.frame;import com.studentmanager.service.UserService;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class LoginFrame extends JFrame {private JTextField usernameField;private JPasswordField passwordField;public LoginFrame() {setTitle("用户登录");setSize(300, 200);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setLayout(null);JLabel userLabel = new JLabel("用户名:");userLabel.setBounds(30, 30, 60, 25);add(userLabel);usernameField = new JTextField();usernameField.setBounds(100, 30, 150, 25);add(usernameField);JLabel passLabel = new JLabel("密码:");passLabel.setBounds(30, 70, 60, 25);add(passLabel);passwordField = new JPasswordField();passwordField.setBounds(100, 70, 150, 25);add(passwordField);JButton loginButton = new JButton("登录");loginButton.setBounds(100, 110, 80, 25);add(loginButton);loginButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {UserService userService = new UserService();String username = usernameField.getText();String password = new String(passwordField.getPassword());if (userService.login(username, password)) {dispose();new StudentFrame();} else {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "用户名或密码错误!");}}});setVisible(true);}
}
StudentFrame.java
package com.studentmanager.frame;import com.studentmanager.dao.StudentDAO;
import com.studentmanager.entity.Student;import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.List;public class StudentFrame extends JFrame {private JTable table;private JTextField searchField;private StudentDAO dao = new StudentDAO();public StudentFrame() {setTitle("学生管理");setSize(600, 400);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setLayout(null);JLabel nameLabel = new JLabel("姓名:");nameLabel.setBounds(20, 20, 50, 25);add(nameLabel);searchField = new JTextField();searchField.setBounds(70, 20, 150, 25);add(searchField);JButton searchButton = new JButton("查询");searchButton.setBounds(230, 20, 80, 25);add(searchButton);searchButton.addActionListener(e -> refreshTable());String[] columns = {"编号", "姓名", "地址", "操作"};table = new JTable(new DefaultTableModel(columns, 0));JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);scrollPane.setBounds(20, 60, 550, 200);add(scrollPane);JButton addButton = new JButton("添加");addButton.setBounds(20, 280, 80, 25);add(addButton);addButton.addActionListener(e -> {String name = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请输入姓名");String address = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请输入地址");dao.addStudent(new Student(0, name, address));refreshTable();});table.getColumnModel().getColumn(3).setCellRenderer(new ButtonRenderer());table.getColumnModel().getColumn(3).setCellEditor(new ButtonEditor(new JCheckBox(), this));refreshTable();setVisible(true);}public void refreshTable() {String name = searchField.getText();List<Student> list = dao.queryStudents(name);DefaultTableModel model = (DefaultTableModel) table.getModel();model.setRowCount(0);for (Student s : list) {model.addRow(new Object[]{s.getId(), s.getName(), s.getAddress(), "删除 / 修改"});}}public void deleteStudent(int id) {dao.deleteStudent(id);refreshTable();}public void updateStudent(int id) {String name = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("修改姓名");String address = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("修改地址");dao.updateStudent(new Student(id, name, address));refreshTable();}
}
ButtonRenderer.java
package com.studentmanager.frame;import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.table.TableCellRenderer;
import java.awt.*;public class ButtonRenderer extends JPanel implements TableCellRenderer {private JButton deleteButton;private JButton editButton;public ButtonRenderer() {setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 5, 0));deleteButton = new JButton("删除");editButton = new JButton("修改");add(deleteButton);add(editButton);}@Overridepublic Component getTableCellRendererComponent(JTable table, Object value,boolean isSelected, boolean hasFocus,int row, int column) {return this;}
}
ButtonEditor.java
package com.studentmanager.frame;import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.table.TableCellEditor;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class ButtonEditor extends AbstractCellEditor implements TableCellEditor {private JPanel panel;private JButton deleteButton;private JButton editButton;private JTable table;private StudentFrame parentFrame;public ButtonEditor(JCheckBox checkBox, StudentFrame parentFrame) {this.parentFrame = parentFrame;panel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 5, 0));deleteButton = new JButton("删除");editButton = new JButton("修改");panel.add(deleteButton);panel.add(editButton);deleteButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int row = table.getSelectedRow();int id = (int) table.getValueAt(row, 0);parentFrame.deleteStudent(id);}});editButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int row = table.getSelectedRow();int id = (int) table.getValueAt(row, 0);parentFrame.updateStudent(id);}});}@Overridepublic Component getTableCellEditorComponent(JTable table, Object value,boolean isSelected, int row, int column) {this.table = table;return panel;}@Overridepublic Object getCellEditorValue() {return null;}
}
Main.java
package com.studentmanager;import com.studentmanager.frame.LoginFrame;public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {new LoginFrame();}
}
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><dependencies><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.27</version></dependency></dependencies><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>StudentManager</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><properties><maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding></properties></project>
展示
知识点表格
知识点 | 说明 |
---|---|
Java Swing | 图形界面编程 |
JDBC | 数据库连接与操作 |
MVC 分层 | 控制层(Frame)、业务层(Service)、数据层(DAO) |
事件监听 | ActionListener、事件处理 |
JTable | 表格组件实现学生信息展示 |
Model数据绑定 | JTable表格数据与List的绑定 |
布局管理器 | BorderLayout、FlowLayout、GridLayout 等 |
MySQL/SQLite | 简单数据库存储 |
工具类封装 | 数据库连接封装成工具类 |