自定义spring拦截器
说明:
一些版本比较老的spring框架的,是通过继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter并重写preHandle()方法,和继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter并重写 addInterceptors()方法来实现拦截器的,但是这两个类很久前就已经过时了,不推荐使用,推荐使用下面两个接口。
以接口接口限流进行具体的操作,自定义拦截器主要步骤就是两个:
1、实现HandlerInterceptor,并实现rpreHandle()前置处理方法
2、实现WebMvcConfigurer,并实现addInterceptors()增加拦截器方法,把自定义的拦截器增加到spring容器中
HandlerInterceptor拦截器处理器接口有三个接口
● preHandle:在业务处理器处理请求之前被调用。预处理,可以进行编码、安全控制、权限校验等处理;
● postHandle:在业务处理器处理请求执行完成后,生成视图之前执行。后处理(调用了Service并返回ModelAndView,但未进行页面渲染),有机会修改ModelAndView ;
● afterCompletion:在DispatcherServlet完全处理完请求后被调用,可用于清理资源等。返回处理(已经渲染了页面);
实操:
1、引入依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Redis依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、自定义接口访问注解
/**
* 接口访问限制枚举
* @author ppp
* @date 2023/2/14
*/
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface AccessLimit {/*** @return 访问最大次数*/int accessMaxTimes() default 60;/*** @return 时间*/long timeOut() default 1;/*** @return 时间单位*/TimeUnit timeUnit() default TimeUnit.MINUTES;
}
3、自定义拦截器配置
同时实现HandlerInterceptor,WebMvcConfigurer,实现preHandle()和addInterceptors()方法
/**
* 接口访问限制拦截器配置
* @author ppp
* @date 2023/2/14
*/
@Component
public class AccessLimitInterceptorConfig implements HandlerInterceptor, WebMvcConfigurer {private final static String KEY = "Redis_accessLimit_key";@AutowiredRedisTemplate redisTemplate;@AutowiredAccessLimitInterceptorConfig accessLimitInterceptorConfig;@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {//判断请求是否属于方法的请求if(handler instanceof HandlerMethod){HandlerMethod hm = (HandlerMethod) handler;//获取方法中的注解,看是否有该注解AccessLimit accessLimit = hm.getMethodAnnotation(AccessLimit.class);if(accessLimit == null){return true;}int accessMaxTimes = accessLimit.accessMaxTimes();long timeOut = accessLimit.timeOut();TimeUnit timeUnit = accessLimit.timeUnit();// 如果redis不存在或已经过期Long expire =redisTemplate.opsForValue().getOperations().getExpire(KEY);if (!redisTemplate.hasKey(KEY) || Objects.requireNonNull(expire).intValue() < 0) {redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(KEY, 1, timeOut, timeUnit);} else {long increment = redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(KEY).intValue();if (increment > accessMaxTimes) {throw new RuntimeException("访问已经超过最大值: " + accessMaxTimes);}}}return true;}@Overridepublic void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(accessLimitInterceptorConfig);}
}
4、配置redis
/*** Redis管理配置*/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfigurer {/*** 设置 redisTemplate 的序列化设置** @param redisConnectionFactory* @return*/@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);GenericToStringSerializer genericToStringSerializer = new GenericToStringSerializer(Object.class);template.setValueSerializer(genericToStringSerializer);template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));template.setHashValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));template.afterPropertiesSet();return template;}@Beanpublic CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {return new RedisCacheManager(RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory),this.getRedisCacheConfigurationWithTtl(24 * 60 * 60), // 默认策略,未配置的 key 会使用这个this.getRedisCacheConfigurationMap() // 指定 key 策略);}private Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> getRedisCacheConfigurationMap() {Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> redisCacheConfigurationMap = new HashMap<>();return redisCacheConfigurationMap;}private RedisCacheConfiguration getRedisCacheConfigurationWithTtl(Integer seconds) {RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(seconds));return redisCacheConfiguration;}
}
5、使用
/*** 一分钟内最多请求10次* @param content*/
@AccessLimit(accessMaxTimes = 10, timeOut = 1, timeUnit = TimeUnit.MINUTES)
@GetMapping("/sendEvent")
public void sendEvent(@RequestParam String content) {testService.send(content);
}