python 12 install jupyter时zmq.h或libzmq报错处理

pip install jupyterlab  -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

python12安装jupyterlab可能会遇到zmq.h或libzmq报错问题，错误信息如下：

/tmp/tmpw_p_gzpi/build/_src/_zmq.c: 在函数‘__pyx_pf_3zmq_7backend_6cython_4_zmq_6Socket_6get’中:
/tmp/tmpw_p_gzpi/build/_src/_zmq.c:11769:58: 错误：‘ZMQ_THREAD_SAFE’ undeclared (first use in this function); did you mean ‘ZMQ_IMMEDIATE’?
__pyx_t_10 = __Pyx_PyLong_From___pyx_anon_enum(ZMQ_THREAD_SAFE); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_10)) __PYX_ERR(0, 922, __pyx_L29_error)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
ZMQ_IMMEDIATE
/tmp/tmpw_p_gzpi/build/_src/_zmq.c:11769:58: 附注：每个未声明的标识符在其出现的函数内只报告一次
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

直接原因是系统没安装zeromq，另外cmake、gcc版本有可能比较低。

1 升级cmake和gcc

conda install cmake 

conda install gcc=12  -c conda-forge

2 安装zeromq

conda install zeromq

3 安装jupyterlab

pip install jupyterlab  -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

此时，安装jupyterlab就不会报错了。

reference

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