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Kubernetes可视化界面之DashBoard

news 2025/7/25 9:17:21

1.1 DashBoard

Kubernetes Dashboard 是 Kubernetes 集群的一个开箱即用的 Web UI，提供了一种图形化的方式来管理和监视 Kubernetes 集群中的资源。它允许用户直接在浏览器中执行许多常见的 Kubernetes 管理任务，如部署应用、监控应用状态、执行故障排查以及管理 Kubernetes 中的各种资源。

1.1.1 部署DashBoard

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# wget -c https://gitee.com/kong-xiangyuxcz/svn/releases/download/Dashboard/recommended.yaml

[root@k8s-all ~]# docker pull kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.7.0

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml 
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard 
NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-5657497c4c-ml5vz   1/1     Running   0          3m15s
kubernetes-dashboard-78f87ddfc-b2wz2         1/1     Running   0          3m15s
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pod,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard -o wide
NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP               NODE          NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-5657497c4c-ml5vz   1/1     Running   0          5m51s   10.244.154.193   k8s-node-01   <none>           <none>
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-78f87ddfc-b2wz2         1/1     Running   0          5m51s   10.244.44.193    k8s-node-02   <none>           <none>

NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE     SELECTOR
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.107.69.125   <none>        8000/TCP   5m51s   k8s-app=dashboard-metrics-scraper
service/kubernetes-dashboard        ClusterIP   10.99.206.168   <none>        443/TCP    5m52s   k8s-app=kubernetes-dashboard

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl edit service/kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard  # 修改端口类型
...
type: NodePort
...
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard -o wide
NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE   SELECTOR
dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.98.101.48     <none>        8000/TCP        84s   k8s-app=dashboard-metrics-scraper
kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.100.194.237   <none>        443:30895/TCP   85s   k8s-app=kubernetes-dashboard

1.1.2 创建访问账户

创建实例用户官网：dashboard/docs/user/access-control/creating-sample-user.md at master · kubernetes/dashboard · GitHub

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# vim dashuser.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: admin-usernamespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:name: admin-user
roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: admin-usernamespace: kubernetes-dashboard

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f dashuser.yaml 
serviceaccount/admin-user created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created

1.1.3 获取令牌访问

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IlpmcEhiNTFfcDBka3pYM2VCeUVwR1hIMFNBZHNnX25TY0FwMDhjazhRdUkifQ.eyJhdWQiOlsiaHR0cHM6Ly9rdWJlcm5ldGVzLmRlZmF1bHQuc3ZjLmNsdXN0ZXIubG9jYWwiXSwiZXhwIjoxNzE2NTIxMTIyLCJpYXQiOjE3MTY1MTc1MjIsImlzcyI6Imh0dHBzOi8va3ViZXJuZXRlcy5kZWZhdWx0LnN2Yy5jbHVzdGVyLmxvY2FsIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pbyI6eyJuYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLWRhc2hib2FyZCIsInNlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Ijp7Im5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyIiwidWlkIjoiNTEyZjRiNGYtYmIxYS00ZDQ0LThkYWQtMDRkODc1MTEwYTk1In19LCJuYmYiOjE3MTY1MTc1MjIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlcm5ldGVzLWRhc2hib2FyZDphZG1pbi11c2VyIn0.Vt2BKBrHDVZ5dpz9j_GB3mHTM8ykSXnfa8FO6RLPF9H7y7Q9A5Vg4z3RV2K7e9dpO0y4X5UANVRLI65BYXw5Y51dSNEWG5kCSYXs5-ePPCQvJq-DsPn3x6ocD6l6AJ9uKBg7grl9ZIwU0iwclPexy-BZzdMo3gUnWy1TVnZEghj24zVzXi1X-EDi0h1riobi2jAsiPG-_6FRAOA1cCM1AdEoItG7_eTpxVx4GAarihB1gN4gpummy9-LHPBUsIfBoXbb75xEOCqOFrAe_V1OqN9AH5H-STKt5fVbissd8Ukwae9HNUJ8B9NilKI-R6VR8a7zGDhnUdnuEBR7UswiPQ

1.1.4 访问

[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard -o wide
NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE     SELECTOR
dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.98.101.48     <none>        8000/TCP        6m59s   k8s-app=dashboard-metrics-scraper
kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.100.194.237   <none>        443:30895/TCP   7m      k8s-app=kubernetes-dashboard