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【android 蓝牙开发——蓝牙耳机】

news 2025/7/4 23:51:51

【android 蓝牙开发——传统蓝牙】

【android 蓝牙开发——BLE（低功耗）蓝牙 2021-10-09更新】

总结一下蓝牙开发的基本使用以及蓝牙耳机的断开和链接。

所以需权限：

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <!-- Android12 的蓝牙权限 如果您的应用与已配对的蓝牙设备通信或者获取当前手机蓝牙是否打开 --><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" /> <!-- Android12 的蓝牙权限 如果您的应用查找蓝牙设备（如蓝牙低功耗 (BLE) 外围设备） --><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" /> <!-- Android12 的蓝牙权限 如果您的应用使当前设备可被其他蓝牙设备检测到 --><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />

注意这里需要位置权限。

开启权限：

 ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> bluetoothOpenLaunch;private void startBluetooth() {bluetoothOpenLaunch = registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), new ActivityResultCallback<ActivityResult>() {@Overridepublic void onActivityResult(ActivityResult result) {System.out.println("MainActivity.onActivityResult" + result.getResultCode());if (Activity.RESULT_OK == result.getResultCode()) {getPermission();}}});Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {ArrayList<String> arrayListOf = new ArrayList<>();arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT);PermissionUtils.permission(String.valueOf(arrayListOf)).callback(new PermissionUtils.SimpleCallback() {@Overridepublic void onGranted() {System.out.println("MainActivity.onGranted");bluetoothOpenLaunch.launch(intent);}@Overridepublic void onDenied() {System.out.println("MainActivity.onDenied");ToastUtils.showLong("请开启蓝牙权限");}}).request();} else {bluetoothOpenLaunch.launch(intent);}}private void getPermission() {ArrayList<String> arrayListOf = new ArrayList<>();if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN);arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT);arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE);}arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN);arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);arrayListOf.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);PermissionUtils.permission(String.valueOf(arrayListOf)).callback(new PermissionUtils.SimpleCallback() {@Overridepublic void onGranted() {ToastUtils.showLong("蓝牙相关权限已成功授权");BluetoothManager blueManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);//mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()mBluetoothAdapter = blueManager.getAdapter();}@Overridepublic void onDenied() {ToastUtils.showLong("请开启蓝牙权限");}}).request();}

监听蓝牙连接配对等相关广播，建议直接采用以下方式：（也有其他方法，搜索低功耗蓝牙的方式 startLeScan ）

 //注册BoradcasrReceiverprivate void registerReceiver() {IntentFilter discoveryFilter = new IntentFilter();discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);registerReceiver(discoveryReceiver, discoveryFilter);}//蓝牙搜索广播的接收器@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")private BroadcastReceiver discoveryReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {String pin = "0000";  //此处为你要连接的蓝牙设备的初始密钥，一般为 1234 或 0000@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  //获取设备,发现远程蓝牙设备if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED.equals(action)) {Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: 开始搜索");} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  搜索结束");} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {// //获取扫描到的设备String name = bluetoothDevice.getName();String address = bluetoothDevice.getAddress();Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: name=" + name + " address=" + address);/*if (bluetoothDevice.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {Log.i(TAG, "已配对 onReceive: name=" + name + " address=" + address);} else {}*///已经配对boolean isExist = false;for (DeviceBean device : bluetoothDevices) {if (device.getAddress().equals(address)) {isExist = true;}}if (!isExist) {bluetoothDevices.add(new DeviceBean(name, address));mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {//Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  绑定状态改变");int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  绑定状态改变 state=" + state);if (state == 12) {Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  绑定成功 ");ToastUtils.showLong("绑定成功");String name = bluetoothDevice.getName();String address = bluetoothDevice.getAddress();boolean isExist = false;for (DeviceBean device : pairedDevices) {if (device.getAddress().equals(address)) {isExist = true;}}if (!isExist) {/*for (DeviceBean device : pairedDevices) {device.setStatus(false);}*/DeviceBean deviceBean = new DeviceBean(name, address);deviceBean.setStatus(true);pairedDevices.add(0, deviceBean);mDevicePairedAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();} else {for (DeviceBean device : pairedDevices) {if (device.getAddress().equals(address)) {device.setStatus(true);mDevicePairedAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();break;}}}}} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {//Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  连接状态改变");int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_CONNECTION_STATE, BluetoothAdapter.ERROR);String name = bluetoothDevice.getName();String address = bluetoothDevice.getAddress();Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  连接状态改变 state=" + state);switch (state) {case 0://断开成功for (DeviceBean device : pairedDevices) {if (device.getAddress().equals(address)) {device.setStatus(false);mDevicePairedAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();break;}}break;//case 1: break;case 2://连接成功Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  连接成功 address=" + address);ToastUtils.showLong("连接成功");for (DeviceBean device : pairedDevices) {if (device.getAddress().equals(address)) {device.setStatus(true);mDevicePairedAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();break;}}break;default:break;}} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST.equals(action)) {Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:  配对");try {// bluetoothDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true);// abortBroadcast();// bluetoothDevice.setPin(pin.getBytes());//1:/*  ClsUtils.setPairingConfirmation(bluetoothDevice.getClass(),bluetoothDevice,true);//2:如果没有将广播终止，则会出现一个一闪而过的配对框。abortBroadcast();//3.调用setPin方法进行配对..boolean ret = ClsUtils.setPin(bluetoothDevice.getClass(), bluetoothDevice, pin);System.out.println("ConnectingDevicesActivity.onReceive ret="+ret);*/} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:   蓝牙开关状态改变");int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, BluetoothAdapter.ERROR);switch (state) {case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:break;case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:break;}} else {Log.i(TAG, "onReceive:   else action=" + action);}}};

我们也可以获取已配对蓝牙列表：

private void initData() {Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();if (bondedDevices != null && bondedDevices.size() > 0) {for (BluetoothDevice bondedDevice : bondedDevices) {System.out.println("ConnectingDevicesActivity.initData name==" + bondedDevice.getName());DeviceBean deviceBean = new DeviceBean(bondedDevice.getName(), bondedDevice.getAddress());pairedDevices.add(deviceBean);}mDevicePairedAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}}

蓝牙耳机断开和连接的具体方法：

  public boolean isDisconnected = false;/*** 断开蓝牙设备连接** @param bluetoothDevice BluetoothDevice*/public void disconnect(BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice) {currentBluetoothDevice = bluetoothDevice;//获取A2DP代理对象mBluetoothAdapter.getProfileProxy(this, disconnectProfileServiceListener, BluetoothProfile.HEADSET);//获取HEADSET代理对象mBluetoothAdapter.getProfileProxy(this, disconnectProfileServiceListener, BluetoothProfile.A2DP);}private final BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener disconnectProfileServiceListener = new BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener() {@Overridepublic void onServiceDisconnected(int profile) {System.out.println("ConnectingDevicesActivity.onServiceDisconnected profile="+profile);}@Overridepublic void onServiceConnected(int profile, BluetoothProfile proxy) {try {if (profile == BluetoothProfile.HEADSET) {//使用HEADSET的协议断开蓝牙设备（使用了反射技术调用断开的方法）BluetoothHeadset bluetoothHeadset = (BluetoothHeadset) proxy;boolean isDisConnect = false;try {Method connect = null;if (isDisconnected) {connect = bluetoothHeadset.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("disconnect", BluetoothDevice.class); //disconnect connect} else {connect = bluetoothHeadset.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("connect", BluetoothDevice.class); //disconnect connect}connect.setAccessible(true);isDisConnect = (boolean) connect.invoke(bluetoothHeadset, currentBluetoothDevice);if (isDisconnected) {Log.d(TAG, "isDisConnect:" + (isDisConnect ? "断开通话成功" : "断开通话失败") + currentBluetoothDevice.getName());} else {Log.d(TAG, "isDisConnect:" + (isDisConnect ? "链接通话成功" : "链接通话失败") + currentBluetoothDevice.getName());}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}if (profile == BluetoothProfile.A2DP) {//使用A2DP的协议断开蓝牙设备（使用了反射技术调用断开的方法）BluetoothA2dp bluetoothA2dp = (BluetoothA2dp) proxy;boolean isDisConnect = false;try {Method connect = null;if (isDisconnected) {connect = bluetoothA2dp.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("disconnect", BluetoothDevice.class);} else {connect = bluetoothA2dp.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("connect", BluetoothDevice.class);}connect.setAccessible(true);isDisConnect = (boolean) connect.invoke(bluetoothA2dp, currentBluetoothDevice);if (isDisconnected) {Log.d(TAG, "isDisConnect:" + (isDisConnect ? "断开音频成功" : "断开音频失败") + currentBluetoothDevice.getName());} else {Log.d(TAG, "isDisConnect:" + (isDisConnect ? "链接音频成功" : "链接音频失败") + currentBluetoothDevice.getName());}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (isDisConnect) {for (DeviceBean device : pairedDevices) {if (device.getAddress().equals(currentBluetoothDevice.getAddress())) {device.setStatus(!isDisconnected);mDevicePairedAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();break;}}}}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}};

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