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SAF文件选择、谷歌PhotoPicker图片视频选择与真实路径转换

news 2025/8/6 23:18:03

一、构建选择文件与回调方法

//文件选择回调ActivityResultLauncher<String[]> pickFile = registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.OpenDocument(), uri->{if (uri != null) {Log.e("cxy", "返回的uri:" + uri);Log.e("cxy","Path是:"+ FileUtil.getFilePathByUri(context,uri));}});//启动选择
pickFile.launch(new String[]{"*/*"})

//photopicker选择器回调（多选同理）ActivityResultLauncher<PickVisualMediaRequest> pickMedia =registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.PickVisualMedia(), uri -> {if (uri != null) {Log.e("cxy", "返回的uri:" + uri);Log.e("cxy","Path是:"+ FileUtil.getFilePathByUri(context,uri));} else {}});//photopicker选择器启动选择，选择模式：ImageOnly、VideoOnly、ImageAndVideo
pickMedia.launch(new PickVisualMediaRequest.Builder().setMediaType(isImg ? ActivityResultContracts.PickVisualMedia.ImageOnly.INSTANCE : ActivityResultContracts.PickVisualMedia.VideoOnly.INSTANCE).build()));

二、uri转真实路径工具类

备注：

1、针对Download目录先判空，为空则复制文件至内部路径再返回

2、SAF选择文件时，存储设备选择返回的uri路径为：

content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/document/primary%3ADocuments%2Fenvironment.pub

通过选择侧边栏中的图片、视频、音频、文档等分类进入选择文件目录时，返回的路径为：

content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A1000010017

content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/video%3A1000008421

content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/audio%3A1000000212

content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/document%3A1000009571

这时如果没有授予存储权限，则走复制方法返回路径，Android13以上可按需申请图片、视频、音频读取权限，但是针对doc、pdf等其它类型文件无法返回真实路径，除非授予管理所有文件权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

权限：使用photopicker时，需要Android13以上按需申请以下使用的权限，否则MediaStore不返回真实路径，无权限情况下走复制方法返回路径

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"android:maxSdkVersion="32" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO"/>//Activity中权限申请与回调ActivityResultLauncher<String[]> permissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions(), map->{//处理权限结果{android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES=true, android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO=true}});if (!PmUtil.hasStoragePm(this)){PmUtil.requestStoragePm(permissionLauncher);}//权限申请工具类
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;public class PmUtil {public static boolean hasStoragePm(Context context) {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;} else {return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;}}public static void requestStoragePm(ActivityResultLauncher<String[]> launcher) {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {launcher.launch(new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES, Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO});} else {launcher.launch(new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE});}}
}

import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.provider.OpenableColumns;
import android.util.Log;import androidx.loader.content.CursorLoader;import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;public class FileUtil {public static String getFilePathByUri(Context context, Uri uri) {// 以 file:// 开头的if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) {return uri.getPath();}// 以/storage开头的也直接返回if (isOtherDocument(uri)) {return uri.getPath();}// 版本兼容的获取！String path;if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {path = getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11(context, uri);if (path != null) {Log.e("cxy", "getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11获取到的路径为：" + path);return path;}}if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) {path = getFilePathByUri_API11to18(context, uri);if (path != null) {Log.e("cxy", "getFilePathByUri_API11to18获取到的路径为：" + path);return path;}}path = getFilePathByUri_API19(context, uri);Log.e("cxy", "getFilePathByUri_API19获取到的路径为：" + path);return path;}private static String getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11(Context context, Uri uri) {// 以 content:// 开头的，比如 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) {String path = null;String[] projection = new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null);if (cursor != null) {if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);if (columnIndex > -1) {path = cursor.getString(columnIndex);}}cursor.close();}return path;}return null;}private static String getFilePathByUri_API11to18(Context context, Uri contentUri) {String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};String result = null;CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(context, contentUri, projection, null, null, null);Cursor cursor = cursorLoader.loadInBackground();if (cursor != null) {int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);cursor.moveToFirst();result = cursor.getString(column_index);cursor.close();}return result;}private static String getFilePathByUri_API19(Context context, Uri uri) {// 4.4及之后的 是以 content:// 开头的，比如 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {// ExternalStorageProviderString docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);String[] split = docId.split(":");String type = split[0];if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {if (split.length > 1) {return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];} else {return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";}// This is for checking SD Card}} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {//下载内容提供者时应当判断下载管理器是否被禁用int stateCode = context.getPackageManager().getApplicationEnabledSetting("com.android.providers.downloads");if (stateCode != 0 && stateCode != 1) {return null;}String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);// 如果出现这个RAW地址，我们则可以直接返回!if (id.startsWith("raw:")) {return id.replaceFirst("raw:", "");}if (id.contains(":")) {String[] tmp = id.split(":");if (tmp.length > 1) {id = tmp[1];}}Uri contentUri = Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads");Log.e("cxy", "测试打印Uri: " + uri);try {contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(contentUri, Long.parseLong(id));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}String path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);if (path != null) return path;// 兼容某些特殊情况下的文件管理器!String fileName = getFileNameByUri(context, uri);if (fileName != null) {path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/Download/" + fileName;File pathFile = new File(path);if (!pathFile.exists()) {path = getFilePathForCopy(context, uri);}return path;}} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {// MediaProviderString docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);String[] split = docId.split(":");String type = split[0];Uri contentUri;if ("image".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("video".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else {contentUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");}String selection = "_id=?";String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};String resultPath = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);if (resultPath == null) {resultPath = getFilePathForCopy(context, uri);}return resultPath;}} else {//content://media/picker/0/com.android.providers.media.photopicker/media/1000008424//photopicker情况，有权限则返回真实路径，无权限则返回复制后的内部路径，但复制后的名称是IDString uriPath = uri.getPath();String id = "";if (uriPath != null) {String[] strings = uriPath.split("/");id = strings[strings.length - 1];}String selection = "_id=?";String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{id};Uri contentUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");String resultPath = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);if (resultPath == null) {resultPath = getFilePathForCopy(context, uri);}return resultPath;}}return null;}private static String getFileNameByUri(Context context, Uri uri) {String relativePath = getFileRelativePathByUri_API18(context, uri);if (relativePath == null) relativePath = "";final String[] projection = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME};try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null)) {if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);String path = relativePath + cursor.getString(index);cursor.close();return path;}}return null;}private static String getFileRelativePathByUri_API18(Context context, Uri uri) {final String[] projection;if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {projection = new String[]{MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH};try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null)) {if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH);String path = cursor.getString(index);cursor.close();return path;}}}return null;}private static String getFilePathForCopy(Context context, Uri uri) {try {Cursor returnCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);returnCursor.moveToFirst();String name = (returnCursor.getString(nameIndex));File file = new File(context.getCacheDir(), name);InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);int read = 0;int maxBufferSize = 1024 * 1024;int bytesAvailable = inputStream.available();int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);final byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize];while ((read = inputStream.read(buffers)) != -1) {outputStream.write(buffers, 0, read);}returnCursor.close();inputStream.close();outputStream.close();return file.getPath();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {final String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;final String[] projection = {column};try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null)) {if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);String path = cursor.getString(column_index);cursor.close();return path;}} catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {iae.printStackTrace();}return null;}private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}private static boolean isOtherDocument(Uri uri) {// 以/storage开头的也直接返回if (uri != null && uri.getPath() != null) {String path = uri.getPath();if (path.startsWith("/storage")) {return true;}if (path.startsWith("/external_files")) {return true;}}return false;}private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}//如果是复制的文件，完成后清除缓存public static void deleteCacheFile(Context context, String path) {if (path == null) {return;}File file = new File(path);if (file.exists() && context.getCacheDir().equals(file.getParentFile())) {Log.e("cxy", "删除成功？" + file.delete());}}
}

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