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C# NAudio 音频库

news 2025/7/21 11:35:55

C# NAudio 音频库

  • NAudio安装
  • NAudio简述
  • 简单示例1
  • 录制麦克风
  • 录制系统声卡
  • WAV格式播放
  • MP3格式播放
  • AudioFileReader读取播放音频
  • MediaFoundationReader 读取播放音频

NAudio安装

项目=>NuGet包管理器 搜索NAudio点击安装，自动安装依赖库。
在这里插入图片描述
安装成功后工具箱会新增NAudio.WinForms控件
在这里插入图片描述

NAudio简述

NAudio为.NET平台下的开源库，采用ML-PL协议，开源地址：https://github.com/naudio/NAudio支持多种音频操作，可实现多种API播放与录制、多种不同音频格式、音频格式转换（重采样、位深、声道等）、音频编码、多通道播放、音频效果处理等等。

快速入门
深入研究

常用类：

  • WaveIn 表示波形输入, 继承了 IWaveIn, 例如麦克风输入, 或者计算机正在播放的音频流。
  • WaveOut 表示波形输出, 继承了 IWavePlayer, 用来播放音频, 以 IWaveProvider 作为播放源播放音频, 通过拓展方法也支持以 ISampleProvider 作为播放源播放音频。
  • WaveStream 表示波形流, 它继承了 IWaveProvider, 可以用来作为播放源。
  • WaveFileReader 继承了 WaveStream, 用来读取波形文件。
  • WaveFileWriter 继承了Stream, 用来写入文件, 常用于保存音频录制的数据。
  • AudioFileReader 通用的音频文件读取器, 可以读取波形文件, 也可以读取其他类型的音频文件例如 Aiff, MP3

常用接口：

  • IWaveProvider 波形提供者, 上面已经提到, 是音频播放的提供者, 通过拓展方法可以转换为 ISampleProvider。
  • ISampleProvider 采样提供者, 上面已经提到, 通过拓展方法可以作为 WaveOut 的播放源。

简单示例1

自定义录音机类：Recorder.cs

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace NAudioDemo
{internal class Recorder{public WaveIn mWaveIn;public WaveFileWriter mWaveFileWriter;public int secondsRecorded;/// <summary>/// 开始录音/// </summary>/// <param name="filePath"></param>public void RecorderStart(string filePath){// 创建WaveIn对象mWaveIn = new WaveIn();// 添加DataAvailable事件处理回调mWaveIn.DataAvailable += OnDataAvailable;// 创建WaveFileWriter对象mWaveFileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(filePath, mWaveIn.WaveFormat);// 开始录音mWaveIn.StartRecording();}/// <summary>/// 停止录音/// </summary>public void RecorderStop(){mWaveIn?.StopRecording();mWaveIn?.Dispose();mWaveFileWriter?.Close();mWaveFileWriter = null;}/// <summary>/// 录音数据回调/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void OnDataAvailable(object sender, WaveInEventArgs e){// 写入录音数据mWaveFileWriter.Write(e.Buffer, 0, e.BytesRecorded);           // 计算已录制的秒数secondsRecorded = (int)mWaveFileWriter.Length / mWaveFileWriter.WaveFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond;}}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;using System.IO;
using NAudio.Wave;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Media;
using NAudio.Dsp;namespace NAudioDemo
{public partial class Form1 : Form{             // 创建录音机类实例Recorder recorder = new Recorder();public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){button1.Enabled = false;button2.Enabled = true;recorder.RecorderStart(@"D:\1.wav");}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){button1.Enabled = true;button2.Enabled = false;recorder.RecorderStop();}private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer(@"D:\1.wav");player.Play();           }}
}

在这里插入图片描述

录制麦克风

  • 借助 WaveIn 类, 我们可以轻易的捕获麦克风输入, 在每一次录制到数据时, 将数据写入到文件或其他流, 这就实现了保存录音

  • 在保存波形文件时需要借助 WaveFileWriter, 当然, 如果你想保存为其他格式, 也可以使用其它的 Writer, 例如 CurWaveFileWriter 以及AiffFileWriter, 美中不足的是没有直接写入到 MP3 的 FileWriter

  • 需要注意的是, 桌面程序可以直接使用 WaveIn, 其回调基于 Windows 消息, 所以无法在控制台应用中使用 WaveIn

  • 如果要在控制台应用中实现录音, 只需要使用 WaveInEvent, 它的回调基于事件而不是 Windows 消息, 所以可以通用

  • 示例代码：
    WaveIn cap = new WaveIn(); // cap, capture
    WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
    cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded); // 订阅事件
    cap.StartRecording(); // 开始录制
    cap.StopRecording(); // 停止录制
    writer.Close(); // 关闭 FileWriter, 保存数据

  • 另外, 除了使用 WaveIn, 你还可以使用 WasapiCapture, 它与 WaveIn 的使用方式是一致的, 可以用来录制麦克风

  • Wasapi 全称 Windows Audio Session Application Programming Interface (Windows音频会话应用编程接口)

  • 具体 WaveIn, WaveInEvent, WasapiCapture 的性能, 笔者还没有测试过, 但估计不会有太大差异.

  • 提示: WasapiCapture 和 WasapiLoopbackCapture 位于 NAudio.Wave 命名空间下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;using NAudio;
using NAudio.Wave;namespace NAudioDemo2
{public partial class Form2 : Form{private WaveIn waveIn = null;private WaveFileWriter writer = null;public Form2(){InitializeComponent();button2.Enabled = false;button3.Enabled = false;}/// <summary>/// 设置保存文件名称/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){saveFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);saveFileDialog1.Filter = "audio files (*.wav)|*.wav| all files (*.*)|*.*"; // 文件类型过滤saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "*.wav"; // 默认文件扩展名//saveFileDialog1.FileName = "1.wav"; // 默认文件名if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){ string fName = saveFileDialog1.FileName; // 获取文件名textBox1.Text = fName;button2.Enabled = true;}}/// <summary>/// 开始录音/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){//waveIn = new WaveIn { WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1) };waveIn = new WaveIn();waveIn.WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1);writer = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), waveIn.WaveFormat);waveIn.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);waveIn.StartRecording();button2.Enabled = false;button3.Enabled = true;}/// <summary>/// 停止录音/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){waveIn.StopRecording();waveIn.Dispose();waveIn = null;writer.Flush();writer.Close();writer.Dispose();button2.Enabled = true;button3.Enabled = false;}}
}

录制系统声卡

录制声卡输出, 也就是录制计算机正在播放的声音, 借助 WasapiLoopbackCapture 即可简单实现, 使用方式与 WasapiCapture 无异
WasapiLoopbackCapture cap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
cap.StartRecording();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace NAudioDemo2
{public partial class Form3 : Form{private WasapiLoopbackCapture loopCap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();private WaveFileWriter fileWriter;public Form3(){InitializeComponent();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();saveFileDialog.Filter = "wave file *.wav|*.wav|all filse *.*|*.*";saveFileDialog.DefaultExt = ".wav";if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){string fName = saveFileDialog.FileName;textBox1.Text = fName;            }}/// <summary>/// 录制声卡开始/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){fileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), loopCap.WaveFormat) ;loopCap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => fileWriter.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);loopCap.StartRecording();}/// <summary>/// 录制声卡停止/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){loopCap.StopRecording();fileWriter.Flush();fileWriter.Close();fileWriter.Dispose();}}
}

WAV格式播放

NAudio 中, 通过 WaveFileReader 来读取波形数据, 在实例化时, 你可以指定文件名或者是输入流, 这意味着你可以读取内存流中的音频数据.
WaveFileReader reader = new WaveFileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader); // 通过 IWaveProvider 为音频输出初始化
wout.Play(); // 至此, wout 将从指定的 reader 中提供的数据进行播放

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace NAudioDemo2
{public partial class Form4 : Form{private WaveOut wout_wav;WaveFileReader reader;public Form4(){InitializeComponent();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();ofd.Filter = "audio file *.wav|*.wav";ofd.DefaultExt = "*.wav";if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){string fName = ofd.FileName;textBox1.Text = fName;}}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){reader = new WaveFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());wout_wav = new WaveOut();wout_wav.Init(reader);wout_wav.Play();}private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout_wav.Pause();}private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout_wav.Resume();}private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout_wav.Stop();wout_wav.Dispose();reader.Close();}}
}

MP3格式播放

播放 MP3 音乐其实与播放波形音乐没有太大区别, 只不过将 WaveFileReader 换成Mp3FileReader 罢了
Mp3FileReader reader = new Mp3FileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader);
wout.Play();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace NAudioDemo2
{public partial class Form5 : Form{Mp3FileReader reader;WaveOut wout_mp3;public Form5(){InitializeComponent();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3";ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){ string fName = ofd.FileName;textBox1.Text = fName;}}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){reader = new Mp3FileReader(textBox1.Text);wout_mp3 = new WaveOut();wout_mp3.Init(reader);wout_mp3.Play();}private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout_mp3.Pause();}private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout_mp3.Resume();}private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout_mp3.Stop();wout_mp3.Dispose();reader.Close();reader.Dispose();}}
}

AudioFileReader读取播放音频

通过AudioFileReader读取音频文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多种格式
AudioFileReader reader = new AudioFileReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace NAudioDemo2
{public partial class Form6 : Form{AudioFileReader reader;WaveOut wout;public Form6(){InitializeComponent();}private void Form6_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){ string fName = ofd.FileName;textBox1.Text = fName; }}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){reader = new AudioFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());wout = new WaveOut();wout.Init(reader);wout.Play();}private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout.Pause();  }private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout.Resume();}private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout.Stop();wout.Dispose();reader.Close();reader.Dispose();}}
}

MediaFoundationReader 读取播放音频

通过MediaFoundationReader 读取音频文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多种格式
MediaFoundationReader reader = new MediaFoundationReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace NAudioDemo2
{public partial class Form7 : Form{MediaFoundationReader reader;WaveOut wout;public Form7(){InitializeComponent();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OpenFileDialog  ofd = new OpenFileDialog();ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){string fName = ofd.FileName;textBox1.Text = fName;}}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){reader = new MediaFoundationReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());wout = new WaveOut();wout.Init(reader);wout.Play();}private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout.Pause();}private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout.Resume();}private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){wout.Stop();wout.Dispose();reader.Close();reader.Dispose();}}
}
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