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web集群学习--基于CentOS构建LVS-DR集群、配置nginx负载均衡

news 2025/7/12 16:28:18

基于CentOS构建LVS-DR集群

环境准备

主机名   ip地址
node1   192.168.1.140  client
node2	192.168.1.141  LVS
node3	192.168.1.142  RS1
node4	192.168.1.143  RS2

配置

1.关闭防火墙和SELinux

[root@client~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@client~]# systemctl disabled firewalld
[root@client~]# sed -i '/^SELINUX=/ c SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config

2.在node3和node4上安装httpd服务并配置默认访问页面

node3
[root@RS1 ~]# yum install httpd -y
#设置默认页
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "web test page,ip is `hostname -I`." > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
node4
[root@RS2 ~]# yum install httpd -y
#设置默认页
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "web test page,ip is `hostname -I`." > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl start httpd

3.配置LVS负载均衡服务并增加两台RS

node2
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -C
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.1.200:80 -s rr
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.200:80 -r 192.168.1.142 -g
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.200:80 -r 192.168.1.143 -g#查看本地规则
root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags-> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.1.200:80 rr-> 192.168.1.142:80             Route   1      0          0         -> 192.168.1.143:80             Route   1      0          0

4.在node3和node4上绑定VIP并添加本机访问VIP的路由

node3
[root@RS1 ~]# ifconfig lo:200 192.168.1.200/32
[root@RS1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.1.200 dev lo
node4
[root@RS2 ~]# ifconfig lo:200 192.168.1.200/32
[root@RS2 ~]# route add -host 192.168.1.200 dev lo

5.抑制ARP响应

node3
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
node4
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

PS：也可以使用arptables实现抑制arp

arptables -A INPUT -d $VIP -j DROP
arptables -A OUTPUT -s $VIP -j mangle --mangle-ip-s $RIP
# arptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/arptables
# systemctl enable --now arptables

6.测试访问VIP

#访问node3
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.1.142
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.142 .
#访问node4
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.1.143
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.143 .#访问VIP
[root@client ~]# for((i=0;i<=5;i++)) do curl 192.168.1.200; done
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.143 .
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.142 .
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.143 .
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.142 .
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.143 .
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.142 .
#查看本地规则
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags-> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.1.200:80 rr-> 192.168.1.142:80             Route   1      0          3         -> 192.168.1.143:80             Route   1      0          3

至此，基于CentOS构建LVS-DR集群实验完成

配置nginx负载均衡

环境准备

主机名 ip地址        作用
node1 192.168.1.140 负载均衡服务器
node2 192.168.1.141 Web服务器
node3 192.168.1.142 Web服务器

配置

1.在node1上配置主机文件vhost.conf

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/vhost.confupstream web_pools {server 192.168.1.141:80;server 192.168.1.142:80;}server {listen 80;server_name www1.ming.com;location / {proxy_pass http://web_pools;}
}
解释：proxy_pass 是反向代理

2.检查语法并重启服务

#检查语法是否正确
[root@node1 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful#重启服务
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart nginx

3.配置hosts文件

#在linux中修改
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.140 www1.ming.com
#测试
[root@node1 ~]# for((i=1;i<=4;i++))
> do
> curl www1.ming.com
> done
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.141 
web test page ,ip is 192.168.1.142 
web test page,ip is 192.168.1.141 
web test page ,ip is 192.168.1.142 #在windows中修改
进入C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc，找到此目录下的hosts文件
将“192.168.1.140 www1.ming.com”添加到最后一行