Dubbo3简单使用

👉 使用Spring Boot实现Dubbo3，请参见以下地址。

# Dubbo3官网地址
https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/zh/# 使用SpringBoot实现Dubbo3的地址
https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/zh/docs3-v2/java-sdk/quick-start/spring-boot/# 该项目的git地址
https://github.com/MasonYyp/mydubbo

1 同一个项目中创建多个应用

1.1 创建空项目

（1）创建空项目

（2）提示错误

⚠️ 注意：会提示下面错误，点击“OK”即可。

（3）空项目创建完成

1.2 创建应用模块

（1）创建模块

（2）创建Maven

选择Maven模块，点击“Next”。

（3）设置应用信息

设置应用信息后，点击“Finish”即可。

（4）创建完成

1.3 创建其他

创建其他应用的方法和上面的方法类似，分别创建Dubbo的服务提供者（duprovider）和服务消费者（duconsumer）。

• GroupId: com.mason
• Version: 1.0
• 创建应用的目录：mydubbo目录下

分别在应用下创建java包（选择Module时创建Maven默认不会创建java包）。

应用名称（ch)	应用名称（en）	包名	备注
公共模块	ducommon	com.mason.ducommon	为其他模块提供公共接口
服务提供者	duprovider	com.mason.duprovider	提供服务
服务消费者	duconsumer	com.mason.duconsumer	消费服务

应用创建完成后如下

2 软件版本选择

（1）Spring Cloud Alibaba版本说明

https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/版本说明

（2）Spring Cloud版本说明

# 介绍了相应的版本
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud#overview# 介绍了稳定版（含有GA标识）
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud#learn

（3）版本选择

⚠️ 组件版本很重要，需要慎重选择，Dubbo3需要配合Nacos2使用。

软件	版本号
Spring Cloud	Hoxton.SR12
Spring Boot	2.3.12.RELEASE
Spring Cloud Alibaba	2.2.9.RELEASE
Sentinel	1.8.5
Nacos	2.1.0
RocketMQ	4.9.4
Seata	1.5.2
Dubbo	3.1.4

3 安装nacos

3.1 Nacos安装参考地址

https://blog.csdn.net/make_progress/article/details/128855472

3.2 安装MySQL

# 创建网桥
docker network create --driver bridge du_net# 下载MySQL
docker pull mysql:5.7.34# 创建数据库
docker run -itd --name du_mysql \
--net du_net \
--restart=always \
-p 3306:3306 \
-v /home/dubbo/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /home/dubbo/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /home/dubbo/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
mysql:5.7.34

3.3 初始化Nacos数据库

# 解压“nacos-server-2.1.0.zip”文件，将“nacos-server-2.1.0/nacos/conf”目录中的“nacos-mysql.sql”复制到容器中
docker cp nacos-mysql.sql du_mysql:/home/# 进入容器
docker exec -it du_mysql /bin/bash# 进入MySQL数据库，输入密码后进入MySQL
mysql -u root -p# 创建数据库
create database nacos_config;# 切换数据库
use nacos_config# 导入nacos配置信息到数据库
source /home/nacos-mysql.sql

3.4 安装Nacos

# 下载Nacos镜像
docker pull nacos/nacos-server:v2.1.0# 安装nacos
# 注意：Nacos2比Nacos1多开9848、9849两个端口需求全部开放，否则应用无法注册到Nacos
docker run -itd --name du_nacos \
--net du_net \
--restart=always \
-p 8848:8848 \
-p 9848:9848 \
-p 9849:9849 \
--env MODE=standalone \
--env SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM=mysql \
--env MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST=du_mysql \
--env MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT=3306 \
--env MYSQL_SERVICE_USER=root \
--env MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD=123456 \
--env MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME=nacos_config \
nacos/nacos-server:v2.1.0

访问Nacos

# 地址
http://192.168.108.200:8848/nacos账号：nacos
密码：nacos

4 公共模块

4.1 项目截图

4.2 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.mason</groupId><artifactId>ducommon</artifactId><version>1.0</version><properties><java.version>11</java.version></properties><dependencies><!-- Parse json --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.58</version></dependency><!-- Init the entity --><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.20</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

4.3 服务层service下接口文件

service包下文件

package com.mason.ducommon.service;public interface TestService {public String getInfo(String message);
}

5 服务提供者

5.1 项目截图

5.2 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.mason</groupId><artifactId>duprovider</artifactId><version>1.0</version><properties><java.version>11</java.version><spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version><spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.9.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId><artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo</artifactId><version>3.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId><version>3.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- 引入自定义的公共模块 --><dependency><groupId>com.mason</groupId><artifactId>ducommon</artifactId><version>1.0</version></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>

5.3 yml文件

服务提供者做了3个节点，yml文件有“application-node1.yml，application-node2.yml，application-node3.yml”

application-node1.yml

server:port: 8081spring:# 配置注册在Nacos中的应用名称application:name: app-duprovidercloud:# 设置Nacos服务注册地址nacos:discovery:server-addr: 192.168.108.200:8848dubbo:# 设置Dubbo服务的应用名，如果不设置此应用名默认为应用名，此外默认为“app-duprovider”application:name: dubbo-duprovider# 设置Dubbo协议信息protocol:name: dubbo# 端口可以设置为“-1”，表示端口自增长port: 9081# 设置注册地址registry:address: nacos://192.168.108.200:8848# 设置服务超时provider:timeout: 3000management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

application-node2.yml

server:port: 8082spring:application:name: app-duprovidercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 192.168.108.200:8848dubbo:application:name: dubbo-duproviderprotocol:name: dubboport: 9082registry:address: nacos://192.168.108.200:8848provider:timeout: 3000management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

application-node3.yml

server:port: 8083spring:application:name: app-duprovidercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 192.168.108.200:8848dubbo:application:name: dubbo-duproviderprotocol:name: dubboport: 9083registry:address: nacos://192.168.108.200:8848provider:timeout: 3000management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

5.4 controller

此处的controller的作用是查看服务是否启动，与Dubbo提供服务无关，可以不要controller。

DubboController.java

package com.mason.duprovider.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/provider")
public class DubboController {@Value("${server.port}")private String port;@RequestMapping("/getdata")public String getData(){return "Dubbo " + this.port;}
}

5.5 service

提供Dubbo服务，实现公共模块（ducommon）中的服务接口。

Dubbo在新版本中使用@DubboService，旧版本中使用@Service，将Dubbo服务注册到注册中心。

TestServiceImpl.java

package com.mason.duprovider.service;import com.mason.ducommon.service.TestService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;@DubboService
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {@Value("${server.port}")private String port;@Overridepublic String getInfo(String message) {return "Service " + this.port + message;}
}

5.6 启动类

DuproviderApplication.java

⚠️ 注意：需要在启动类上，添加“@EnableDubbo"注解

package com.mason.duprovider;import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo
public class DuproviderApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DuproviderApplication.class, args);}}

5.7 访问controller的服务

# 访问地址
http://127.0.0.1:8081/provider/getdata

浏览器结果

Nacos中结果

6 服务消费者

6.1 项目截图

6.2 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.mason</groupId><artifactId>duconsumer</artifactId><version>1.0</version><properties><java.version>11</java.version><spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version><spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.9.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId><artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo</artifactId><version>3.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId><version>3.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- 引入自定义的公共模块 --><dependency><groupId>com.mason</groupId><artifactId>ducommon</artifactId><version>1.0</version></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>

6.3 yml文件

服务消费者也做了3个节点，yml文件有“application-node1.yml，application-node2.yml，application-node3.yml”

application-node1.yml

server:port: 8091spring:# 配置注册在Nacos中的应用名称application:name: app-duconsumercloud:# 设置Nacos服务注册地址nacos:discovery:server-addr: 192.168.108.200:8848dubbo:# 此处可以不设置Dubbo服务的应用名，因为没有注册Dubbo服务application:name: dubbo-duprovider# 设置Dubbo协议信息protocol:name: dubbo# 端口可以设置为“-1”，表示端口自增长port: 9091# 设置注册地址registry:address: nacos://192.168.108.200:8848# 设置服务超时provider:timeout: 3000management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

application-node2.yml

server:port: 8092spring:application:name: app-duconsumercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 192.168.108.200:8848dubbo:application:name: dubbo-duproviderprotocol:name: dubboport: 9092registry:address: nacos://192.168.108.200:8848provider:timeout: 3000management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

application-node3.yml

server:port: 8093spring:application:name: app-duconsumercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 192.168.108.200:8848dubbo:application:name: dubbo-duproviderprotocol:name: dubboport: 9093registry:address: nacos://192.168.108.200:8848provider:timeout: 3000management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

6.4 controller

控制层，为用户提供服务。

DubboController.java

package com.mason.duconsumer.controller;import com.mason.duconsumer.service.TestServiceRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
public class DubboController {@Autowiredprivate TestServiceRequest testServiceRequest;@RequestMapping("/getdata")public String getData(){return this.testServiceRequest.getInfo();}}

6.5 service

服务层，消费Dubbo服务提供者提供的服务。

Dubbo在新版本中使用@DubboReference，旧版本中使用@Reference，消费注册中心的Dubbo服务。

TestServiceRequest.java

package com.mason.duconsumer.service;import com.mason.ducommon.service.TestService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service
public class TestServiceRequest {@DubboReferenceprivate TestService testService;public String getInfo() {return this.testService.getInfo(" -- Hello Dubbo");}
}

6.6 启动类

DuconsumerApplication.java

package com.mason.duconsumer;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class DuconsumerApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DuconsumerApplication.class, args);}}

6.7 访问controller的服务

# 访问地址
http://127.0.0.1:8081/consumer/getdata

浏览器中的结果

Nacos中结果