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Sphinx+Scws 搭建千万级准实时搜索应用场景详解

news 2025/6/29 20:47:17

目标：
一、搭建准确的千万级数据库的准实时搜索（见详情）
二、实现词语高亮（客户端JS渲染，服务器端渲染，详见7.3）
三、实现搜索联想（输入框onchange,ajax请求搜索，取10条在层上展示方可）
四、实现词库管理（仅需管理scws下的自定义词库dd.txt即可）
五、实现全文搜索（提供了两种方案，详见8）

案例：
本文第五部分，针对实际应用场景，典型案例分析。

软件：
sphinx: sphinx-2.0.2-beta
scws: scws-1.2.0
===========================================================================

一、Sphinx安装
1、安装

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/server/sphinx --with-mysql=/opt/server/mysql # make # make install

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/server/sphinx --with-mysql=/opt/server/mysql

# make

# make install

2、配置
见sphinx.conf
详见下文，多索引增量索引方案

3、php 扩展
性能方面，扩展和直接使用API文件，差别不大；可以做选择；都在源码API中；
个人建议使用API文件，系统更稳定

3.1 sphinx客户端libsphinxclient

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/server/libsphinxclient # make # make install

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/server/libsphinxclient

# make

# make install

3.2 扩展
下载 http://pecl.php.net/package/sphinx

# /opt/server/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-sphinx=/opt/server/libsphinxclient --with-php-config=/opt/server/php/bin/php-config # make # make install 查看 # /opt/server/php/bin/php -m |grep sphinx

# /opt/server/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-sphinx=/opt/server/libsphinxclient --with-php-config=/opt/server/php/bin/php-config

# make

# make install

查看

# /opt/server/php/bin/php -m |grep sphinx

使用手册
http://docs.php.net/manual/zh/book.sphinx.php

4、索引启动服务

# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer --all # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/searchd

1 2	# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer --all # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/searchd

二、php 分词 scws
官网 http://www.ftphp.com/scws/
1、安装

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/server/scws # make # make install

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/server/scws

# make

# make install

2、词库
scws-dict-chs-utf8.tar.bz2 解压放入 /opt/server/scws/etc
词库 dict.utf-8.xdb
规则 rules.utf-8.ini

3、 php 扩展
源码在phpext下

# /opt/server/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-scws=/opt/server/scws --with-php-config=/opt/server/php/bin/php-config # make # make install

# /opt/server/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-scws=/opt/server/scws --with-php-config=/opt/server/php/bin/php-config

# make

# make install

# vi php.ini [scws] extension = scws.so scws.default.charset = utf-8 scws.default.fpath = /opt/server/scws/etc 查看 # /opt/server/php/bin/php -m |grep scws

# vi php.ini

[scws]

extension = scws.so

scws.default.charset = utf-8

scws.default.fpath = /opt/server/scws/etc

查看

# /opt/server/php/bin/php -m |grep scws

4、分词测试
http://www.ftphp.com/scws/docs.php
详见测试文件 test_all.php

三、索引

//索引某个索引 # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1 //searchd 索引某个索引 # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1 --rotate //指定索引搜索 # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer -i test1 '逗她男'

//索引某个索引

# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1

//searchd 索引某个索引

# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1 --rotate

//指定索引搜索

# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer -i test1 '逗她男'

1、增量索引方案

//创建表记录偏移 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `search_counter` ( `counterid` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '统计标示', `max_doc_id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '已统计数', PRIMARY KEY (`counterid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ; //增量索引 # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1stemmed --rotate //合并索引 # /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer --merge test1 test1stemmed --rotate

//创建表记录偏移

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `search_counter` (

`counterid` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '统计标示',

`max_doc_id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '已统计数',

PRIMARY KEY (`counterid`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

//增量索引

# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1stemmed --rotate

//合并索引

# /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer --merge test1 test1stemmed --rotate

索引策略
1、搜索时，同时从主索引和增量索引取数据
2、每5分钟，运行一次增量索引；满足新数据搜索需求
3、每晚，运行一次主索引，同时会更新索引标示；再运行增量索引，实质为清空增量索引，避免与主索引重复索引
4、好处：避免开合并索引，合并索引效率较差
5、如数据量特别大，可考虑合并索引的方案

索引策略shell

//add.sh #!/bin/sh /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1stemmed --rotate >> /opt/server/sphinx/var/log/add.sh.log //all.sh #!/bin/sh /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1 --rotate >> /opt/server/sphinx/var/log/all.sh.log /opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1stemmed --rotate >> /opt/server/sphinx/var/log/add.sh.log

//add.sh

#!/bin/sh

/opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1stemmed --rotate >> /opt/server/sphinx/var/log/add.sh.log

//all.sh

#!/bin/sh

/opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1 --rotate >> /opt/server/sphinx/var/log/all.sh.log

/opt/server/sphinx/bin/indexer test1stemmed --rotate >> /opt/server/sphinx/var/log/add.sh.log

四、多个表独立索引方案
场景：如有用户搜索、商品搜索等多个索引需求
策略：配置一个多索引方案，每个表单独建立索引
前端根据不同类型选择不同的查询索引；全部，即选择所有索引
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