SAP-ABAP：SAP中DELECT语句用法详解实例总结

SAP-ABAP：SAP中DELECT语句用法详解实例总结

一、内表数据删除操作

操作类型	语法	示例	关键注意事项
1. 按索引删除	DELETE <itab> INDEX <idx>	DELETE lt_mat INDEX 3	• 索引越界时 SY-SUBRC=4 • 删除后索引自动重排
2. 条件删除	DELETE <itab> WHERE <cond>	DELETE lt_mat WHERE matnr = 'MAT001'	• 条件字段建议为排序/哈希键 • 大表用SORT预处理
3. 去重删除	DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES [...]	SORT lt_mat BY matnr. DELETE ADJACENT...	• 必须预先排序 • COMPARING缺省时比较所有字段
4. 清空内表	REFRESH <itab> FREE <itab>	FREE lt_mat	• CLEAR：仅初始化表头 • FREE：释放内存空间

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二、数据库表删除操作

1. 单条删除 (行级操作)

DELETE FROM <dbtab> WHERE <key> = <val>.
COMMIT WORK.  " 显式提交

场景：精确主键删除
示例：

DELETE FROM mara WHERE matnr = 'MAT001'.
IF sy-subrc = 0.COMMIT WORK.
ENDIF.

2. 批量删除 (高效操作)

DELETE <dbtab> FROM TABLE <itab>.  " 内表需含完整主键

场景：删除1000+条记录
性能要点：

• 比循环单删快10x+
• 内表行数建议 ≤ 5000（避免锁超时）

3. 条件范围删除

DELETE FROM <dbtab> WHERE <field> IN <sel_range>.

示例：

DATA lt_range TYPE RANGE OF mtart.
lt_range = VALUE #( ( sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' low = 'ROH' ) ). 
DELETE FROM mara WHERE mtart IN lt_range.

4. 关联删除 (多表操作)

DELETE FROM <table1>USING <table2>WHERE <table1>~<key> = <table2>~<key>AND <condition>.

示例：删除供应商未激活的物料

DELETE FROM maraUSING lfa1WHERE mara~lifnr = lfa1~lifnrAND lfa1