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从0开始搭建一个生产级SpringBoot2.0.X项目（三）SpringBoot接口统一返回和全局异常处理

news 2025/7/8 0:42:31

前言

最近有个想法想整理一个内容比较完整springboot项目初始化Demo。

SpringBoot接口统一返回和全局异常处理，使用@ControllerAdvice+ @ExceptionHandler

 的组合来实现。

一、pom文件新增依赖

         <dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency>

二、创建Json工具类、统一返回相关类

2.1JsonUtil 

package com.murg.bootdemo.util;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;/*** jackson的序列化和反序列化工具类，逐步替换gson，只留一个序列化框架*/
@Component
public class JsonUtil {public static ObjectMapper objectMapper;public JsonUtil(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {JsonUtil.objectMapper = objectMapper;}public static ObjectMapper getObjectMapper() {return objectMapper;}/*** 根据json字符串解析对象(不带解密)*/@SneakyThrowspublic static <T> T fromJson(String json, Class<T> c) {ObjectMapper gson = getObjectMapper();return gson.readValue(json, c);}/*** 根据json字符串解析对象(不带解密,第二个参数是Type，适用于泛型类型的返回类型...)*/@SneakyThrowspublic static <T> T fromJson(String json, TypeReference<T> type) {ObjectMapper gson = getObjectMapper();return gson.readValue(json, type);}public static Map<String, Object> fromJsonToMap(String json) {return fromJson(json, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>() {});}public static Map<String, String> fromJsonToStrMap(String json) {return fromJson(json, new TypeReference<Map<String, String>>() {});}/*** 根据对象解析成json字符串**/@SneakyThrowspublic static String toJson(Object obj) {return getObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(obj);}public static Map<String, Object> fromJsonToMap(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {return fromJson(inputStream, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>() {});}private static <T> T fromJson(InputStream inputStream, TypeReference<T> tTypeReference) throws IOException {return objectMapper.readValue(inputStream, tTypeReference);}/*** map中取list* @param map* @param clazz* @param key* @return*/public  static <T> List<T> mapToList(Map<String, Object> map, Class clazz, String key) {Object o=map.get(key);String json=JSONArray.toJSONString(o);return JSONArray.parseArray(json,clazz);}public static void write2Stream(ServletOutputStream outputStream, Object webResult) throws IOException {objectMapper.writeValue(outputStream, webResult);}/**** @description: 实体类转Map(可追加字段)* @author: Jeff* @date: 2019年10月29日* @param object* @return*/public static Map<String, Object> entityToMap(Object object,Map<String,Object> paramMap) {for (Field field : object.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {try {boolean flag = field.isAccessible();field.setAccessible(true);Object o = field.get(object);paramMap.put(field.getName(), o);field.setAccessible(flag);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return paramMap;}}

2.2ErrorCode 

package com.murg.bootdemo.exception;import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;/***/
@Getter
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public enum ErrorCode {ERROR_CODE_400(400, "参数异常！"),;private final int errorCode;private final String errorMsg;
}

 2.3WebResult

package com.murg.bootdemo.common;import com.murg.bootdemo.exception.ErrorCode;
import com.murg.bootdemo.util.JsonUtil;
import lombok.Data;
import org.slf4j.MDC;
import java.util.*;@Data
public class WebResult<T> {private T data;private int code = SysType.WEB_RESULT_OK;private int msgType = SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_ALERT;private String msg = "";private final String trace = Objects.toString(MDC.get("traceId"), "");public WebResult<T> setMsgType(int msgType) {this.msgType = msgType;return this;}public WebResult() {}public WebResult(int code, String msg) {this.code = code;this.msg = msg;}public T getData() {return data;}public WebResult<T> setData(T data) {this.data = data;return this;}public int getCode() {return code;}public WebResult<T> setCode(int code) {this.code = code;return this;}public String getMsg() {return msg;}public WebResult<T> setMsg(String msg) {this.msg = msg;return this;}public WebResult<T> isOK() {this.code = SysType.WEB_RESULT_OK;return this;}public WebResult<T> isWrong() {this.code = SysType.WEB_RESULT_WRONG;this.msgType = SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_ERROR;return this;}public WebResult<T> isWrong(String msg) {this.code = SysType.WEB_RESULT_WRONG;this.msgType = SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_ERROR;this.msg = msg;return this;}public WebResult<T> setErrorCode(int errorCode) {this.code = errorCode;return this;}public static <T> WebResult<T> ok() {return new WebResult<>();}public static <T> WebResult<T> ok(T data) {return WebResult.<T>ok().setData(data);}public static <T> WebResult<T> wrong() {return new WebResult<>(SysType.WEB_RESULT_WRONG, "操作失败！");}public static <T> WebResult<T> init(int code, String msg) {return new WebResult<>(code, msg);}public static <T> WebResult<T> wrong(String msg) {return new WebResult<>(SysType.WEB_RESULT_WRONG, msg);}public WebResult<T> alert(String msg) {this.setMsgType(SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_ALERT);this.setMsg(msg);return this;}public WebResult<T> alert(String msg, String yes) {this.setMsgType(SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_ALERT);this.setMsg(msg);return this;}public static <T> WebResult<T> confirm(String msg) {return new WebResult<T>().setMsgType(SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_CONFIRM).setMsg(msg);}public static <T> WebResult<T> setErrorCode(ErrorCode errorCode) {return WebResult.<T>wrong().setErrorCode(errorCode.getErrorCode()).setMsg(errorCode.getErrorMsg());}public WebResult<T> question(String msg, String yes) {this.setMsgType(SysType.WEB_RESULT_MSG_QUESTION);this.setMsg(msg);return this;}public WebResult<T> put(String key, Object val) {if (this.data == null) {this.data = (T) new HashMap<String, Object>();}((Map<String, Object>)this.data).put(key, val);return this;}public WebResult<T> putAll(Object object) {if (this.data == null) {this.data = (T) new HashMap<String, Object>();}if (object instanceof Map) {((Map<String, Object>)this.data).putAll((Map)object);} else {Map<String, Object> paramMap = JsonUtil.fromJsonToMap(JsonUtil.toJson(object));((Map<String, Object>)this.data).putAll(paramMap);}return this;}public  WebResult<T> setMainMessage(String msg) {return setMsg(msg);}public  WebResult<T> setMessageType(int msgType) {return setMsgType(msgType);}public WebResult<T> relaod(String mes) {return this.alert(mes,"$reloadPage");}}

三、创建全局异常处理配置

3.1BusinessException

创建自定义异常类BusinessException继承RuntimeException

package com.murg.bootdemo.exception;/*** 业务级异常***/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {private String errMsg;private int errCode = -1;public BusinessException(Throwable cause) {}public BusinessException() {}public BusinessException(final String message, final Throwable cause) {super(message, cause);this.errMsg = message;}public BusinessException(ErrorCode errorCode) {this.errCode = errorCode.getErrorCode();this.errMsg = errorCode.getErrorMsg();}public BusinessException(String errMsg) {this.errMsg = errMsg;}public BusinessException(int errCode) {this.errCode = errCode;}public BusinessException(String errMsg, int errCode) {this.errMsg = errMsg;this.errCode = errCode;}@Overridepublic Throwable fillInStackTrace() {return this;}public String getErrMsg() {return errMsg;}public BusinessException setErrMsg(String errMsg) {this.errMsg = errMsg;return this;}public int getErrCode() {return errCode;}public BusinessException setErrCode(int errCode) {this.errCode = errCode;return this;}@Overridepublic String getMessage() {return errMsg;}}

3.2自定义ErrorCode

package com.murg.bootdemo.exception;import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;/***/
@Getter
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public enum ErrorCode {ERROR_CODE_400(400, "参数异常！"),;private final int errorCode;private final String errorMsg;
}

3.3自定义ExceptionUtil,获取堆栈信息

package com.murg.bootdemo.util;import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;/*** Description: 系统异常处理*/
public class ExceptionUtil {/*** 获取完整的堆栈信息* @param throwable* @return*/public static String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable) {StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw, true);throwable.printStackTrace(pw);return sw.getBuffer().toString();}/*** 获取异常堆栈信息 - 指定长度* @param throwable* @param size* @return*/public static String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable,int size) {String stac = getStackTrace(throwable);if (stac.length() > size) {stac = stac.substring(0, size);}return stac;}
}

3.4数据库创建表MySysException，用于以后将错误信息记录

package com.murg.bootdemo.exception.po;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.KeySequence;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;/***/
@Getter
@Setter
@TableName("MY_SYS_EXCEPTION")
@KeySequence("MY_SYS_EXCEPTION_SEQ")
public class MySysException implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;@TableId(value = "EXCEPTIONID", type = IdType.INPUT)private BigDecimal exceptionid;private String userid;private String functionid;private String requesturl;private String requestparams;private Date exceptiondate;private Long exceptiontype;private Long exceptioncode;private String exceptionmsg;private String exceptionstac;}

 3.5最后通过@ControllerAdvice创建一个全局异常的配置类ExceptionConfig 

package com.murg.bootdemo.config;import com.murg.bootdemo.common.WebResult;
import com.murg.bootdemo.exception.BusinessException;
import com.murg.bootdemo.exception.ErrorCode;
import com.murg.bootdemo.exception.po.MySysException;
import com.murg.bootdemo.util.ExceptionUtil;
import com.murg.bootdemo.util.JsonUtil;
import io.jsonwebtoken.ExpiredJwtException;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;/*** 公共全局异常处理*/
@ControllerAdvice
@ResponseBody
@Slf4j
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class ExceptionConfig {private final String defaultMessage = "系统出错，请与系统管理员联系!";private final Long EXCEPTION_CONTROLLER = 1L;private final Long EXCEPTION_SERVICE = 2L;@ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)public WebResult<Object> businessExceptionHandler(BusinessException businessException) {return new WebResult<>().alert(StringUtils.defaultString(businessException.getMessage(), defaultMessage)).setErrorCode(businessException.getErrCode());}@ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)public WebResult<Object> handler(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {log.error(e.getMessage(), e);BindingResult bindingResult = e.getBindingResult();List<Map<String, String>> collect = bindingResult.getAllErrors().stream().map(objectError -> {ConstraintViolation<?> unwrap = objectError.unwrap(ConstraintViolation.class);Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>(3);map.put("property", unwrap.getPropertyPath().toString());map.put("message", objectError.getDefaultMessage());return map;}).collect(Collectors.toList());return WebResult.setErrorCode(ErrorCode.ERROR_CODE_400).setData(collect).alert("参数错误！");}//处理请求参数格式错误 @RequestParam上validate失败后抛出的异常是javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException@ExceptionHandler(ConstraintViolationException.class)public WebResult<Object> handler(ConstraintViolationException e) {log.error(e.getMessage(), e);List<Map<String, String>> collect = e.getConstraintViolations().stream().map(constraintViolation -> {Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>(3);map.put("property", constraintViolation.getPropertyPath().toString());map.put("message", constraintViolation.getMessage());return map;}).collect(Collectors.toList());return WebResult.setErrorCode(ErrorCode.ERROR_CODE_400).setData(collect).alert("参数错误！");}@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)public WebResult<Object> exceptionHandler(Exception exception, HttpServletRequest request) {log.error("系统错误", exception);// 简单记录下错误日志（复制的his表结构以及逻辑，后续应该会做调整）errorLogRecord(request, exception);return WebResult.wrong().alert(StringUtils.defaultString(exception.getMessage(), defaultMessage));}@ExceptionHandler(ExpiredJwtException.class)public WebResult<Object> exceptionHandler(ExpiredJwtException exception, HttpServletRequest request) {log.error("token解析错误", exception);WebResult<Object> webResult = WebResult.ok();webResult.isWrong("您可能未登录或登录超时，请重新登陆！");// 简单记录下错误日志（复制的his表结构以及逻辑，后续应该会做调整）errorLogRecord(request, exception);return webResult;}@ExceptionHandler(NoHandlerFoundException.class)@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)public WebResult<Object> handleNotFoundError(NoHandlerFoundException ex) {return WebResult.wrong("接口不存在！");}private void errorLogRecord(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) {try {MySysException sysException = new MySysException();//异常类型sysException.setExceptiontype(EXCEPTION_CONTROLLER);//请求地址String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + request.getContextPath();sysException.setRequesturl(basePath);//请求参数Map<String, String[]> params = new HashMap<>(request.getParameterMap());String param = JsonUtil.toJson(params);if (param.length() > 1800) {param = param.substring(0, 1800);}sysException.setRequestparams(param);//时间sysException.setExceptiondate(new Date());//异常信息String msg = e.getMessage();if (StringUtils.length(msg) > 200) {msg = msg.substring(0, 200);}sysException.setExceptionmsg(msg);//堆栈信息sysException.setExceptionstac(ExceptionUtil.getStackTrace(e, 1000));//后续正式的话保存信息//MySysExceptionMapper.insert(sysException);} catch (Exception exception) {//不处理log.error("拦截异常保存失败:" + exception.getMessage());}}}

package com.murg.bootdemo.util;import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;/*** Description: 系统异常处理*/
public class ExceptionUtil {/*** 获取完整的堆栈信息* @param throwable* @return*/public static String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable) {StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw, true);throwable.printStackTrace(pw);return sw.getBuffer().toString();}/*** 获取异常堆栈信息 - 指定长度* @param throwable* @param size* @return*/public static String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable,int size) {String stac = getStackTrace(throwable);if (stac.length() > size) {stac = stac.substring(0, size);}return stac;}
}

四、改造getTt26接口返回统一返回值

package com.murg.bootdemo.business.controller;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.Wrappers;
import com.murg.bootdemo.business.entity.Tt26;
import com.murg.bootdemo.business.service.Tt26Service;
import com.murg.bootdemo.common.WebResult;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.http.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;@RequiredArgsConstructor
@RestController
public class TestRestController {private final RestTemplate restTemplate;private final Tt26Service tt26Service;@RequestMapping(value = "/getTt26", method = RequestMethod.GET)public WebResult getTt26(@RequestParam String code){//通过不同的id获取不同的namereturn WebResult.ok(tt26Service.getOne(Wrappers.<Tt26>lambdaQuery().eq(Tt26::getCode,code)));}}

出参结果

五、创建测试Controller测试全局异常 

package com.murg.bootdemo.business.controller;import com.murg.bootdemo.exception.BusinessException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class TestExceptionController {//Get接口主要是用来获取信息的接口@RequestMapping(value = "/testbusiexception", method = RequestMethod.GET)public String testbussexception(){throw new BusinessException("测试全局异常拦截");}//Get接口主要是用来获取信息的接口@RequestMapping(value = "/testexception", method = RequestMethod.GET)public String testexception() throws Exception {throw new Exception("测试全局异常拦截2");}}

接口访问自主抛出异常的接口看返回结果

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