初识爬虫4

1.理解代理ip，正向代理和反向代理

2.代理ip分类，根据匿名度分类：透明，匿名，高匿

3.防止频繁向同一个域名发送请求被封ip,需使用代理ip

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requestsurl = 'https://www.baidu.com'proxies = {'http': 'http://47.122.65.254:8080',# 'https': 'https://47.122.65.254:8080'
}
response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies)
print(response.content)

4.CA证书

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requestsurl = 'https://www.baidu.com'
response = requests.get(url, verify=False)
print(response.content)

5.简易爬虫，实现金山翻译的爬取

import requests# 获取翻译包的url,需要去掉多余的保护壳:
# https://ifanyi.iciba.com/index.php?c=trans&m=fy&client=6&auth_user=key_web_new_fanyi&sign=9X%2BHAviAKqteMMuVvr%2B0X9RriqVIAJSQ%2BxmfU0q7dIE%3D
url = 'https://ifanyi.iciba.com/index.php?c=trans'
# 构建请求头
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.110 Safari/537.36','Referer': 'https://www.iciba.com/','Host': 'ifanyi.iciba.com'
}
while True:# 实现用户输入的功能content = input('请输入您想翻译的内容（输入"exit"结束程序）：')# 检查是否需要退出if content.lower() == 'exit':break# 构建参数字典post_data = {'from': 'auto','to': 'auto','q': content,}# 发送请求res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=post_data)res_1 = res.content.decode()# 输出翻译结果print(eval(res_1)['out'])