[C++] 简单序列化
前言
序列化(Serialization)
是将对象的状态信息转换为可以存储或传输的形式的过程。在序列化期间，对象将其当前状态写入到临时或持久性存储区。以后，可以通过从存储区中读取或反序列化对象的状态，重新创建该对象。
使用
序列化
std::array<int, 1> arr = {147};std::initializer_list<int> lst = {951, 623};std::vector<int> vec = {123, 456, 789};ntl::Serialization ser2 = ntl::Serializer::serialize(arr);ntl::Serialization ser3 = ntl::Serializer::serialize(lst);ntl::Serialization ser4 = ntl::Serializer::serialize(vec);
反序列化
std::vector<int> vec2;std::vector<int> vec3;std::vector<int> vec4;ntl::Deserializer::deserialize(ser2, vec2);ntl::Deserializer::deserialize(ser3, vec3);ntl::Deserializer::deserialize(ser4, vec4);
代码
序列化的代码算不上多，但也不少，可以在github上找到完整版
Serializable
Serializable就是能被序列化的对象，有三个接口：
virtual Serialization serialize() = 0;
virtual Serialization serialize() const = 0;
virtual SelfType &deserialize(const Serialization &serialization) = 0;
用于序列化与反序列化
/// @brief 可序列化的对象class NTL_ALIGN Serializable : public Object{public:using SelfType = Serializable;using ParentType = Object;public:constexpr Serializable() noexcept = default;constexpr explicit Serializable(const SelfType &from) noexcept = default;~Serializable() override = default;public:constexpr SelfType &operator=(const SelfType &from) noexcept = default;public:/// @brief 序列化本对象/// @return 序列virtual Serialization serialize() = 0;/// @brief 序列化本对象/// @return 序列virtual Serialization serialize() const = 0;/// @brief 反序列化至本对象/// @param serialization 序列/// @return 本对象virtual SelfType &deserialize(const Serialization &serialization) = 0;};
Serialization
Serialization就更简单的，就是一封装了的字符串
/// @brief 序列class NTL_ALIGN Serialization : public Object{public:using SelfType = Serialization;using ParentType = Object;protected:/// @brief 序列String m_serialization;public:Serialization() = default;explicit Serialization(const String &serialization);explicit Serialization(const SelfType &from) = default;~Serialization() override = default;public:SelfType &operator=(const SelfType &from) = default;operator String();operator String() const;public:/// @brief 获取序列/// @return 序列const ntl::String &get_serialization() const;/// @brief 设置序列/// @param serialization 序列/// @return 本对象SelfType &set_serialization(const ntl::String &serialization);};
Serializer
Serializer主要负责序列化基础类型
/// @brief 序列化器class NTL_ALIGN Serializer : public Object{public:using SelfType = Serializer;using ParentType = Object;public:Serializer() = default;explicit Serializer(const SelfType &from) = default;~Serializer() override = default;public:SelfType &operator=(const SelfType &from) = default;public:static Serialization serialize(const Serializable &object);static Serialization serialize(char value);template <typename ValueType>static Serialization serialize(const ValueType &value);template <typename CharTraitsType, typename AllocatorType>static Serialization serialize(const std::basic_string<Char, CharTraitsType, AllocatorType> &str);template <typename ElementType, std::size_t size>static Serialization serialize(const std::array<ElementType, size> &container);template <typename ElementType, typename AllocatorType>static Serialization serialize(const std::vector<ElementType, AllocatorType> &container);template <typename ElementType>static Serialization serialize(const std::initializer_list<ElementType> &container);template <typename IteratorType>static Serialization serialize_container(const IteratorType &begin, const IteratorType &end);template <typename ElementType>static Serialization serialize_container(const ElementType *begin, SizeT size);};
Deserializer
Deserializer也是一样的，但是多了对序列的检查
其中用于检测的正则表达式长这样：
String Deserializer::regex_is_integer = NTL_STRING("[0-9]+");
String Deserializer::regex_is_float0 = NTL_STRING("[0-9]+[fd]?");
String Deserializer::regex_is_float1 = NTL_STRING("[0-9]+.[fd]?");
String Deserializer::regex_is_float2 = NTL_STRING(".[0-9]+[fd]?");
String Deserializer::regex_is_float3 = NTL_STRING("[0-9]+.[0-9]+[fd]?");
String Deserializer::regex_is_string = NTL_STRING("\"(.*)\"");
/// @brief 反序列化器class NTL_ALIGN Deserializer : public Object{public:using SelfType = Deserializer;using ParentType = Object;/// @brief 整数static String regex_is_integer;/// @brief 浮点数，形如123static String regex_is_float0;/// @brief 浮点数，形如123.static String regex_is_float1;/// @brief 浮点数，形如.123static String regex_is_float2;/// @brief 浮点数，形如123.123static String regex_is_float3;/// @brief 是否为字符串，形如"abc"static String regex_is_string;public:Deserializer() = default;explicit Deserializer(const SelfType &from) = default;~Deserializer() override = default;public:SelfType &operator=(const SelfType &from) = default;public:template <typename ResultType>static ResultType deserialize(const Serialization &serialization);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, Serializable &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, char &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, short &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, int &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, long &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, long long &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, float &result);static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, double &result);template <typename CharTraitsType, typename AllocatorType>static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, std::basic_string<Char, CharTraitsType, AllocatorType> &result);template <typename ElementType>static void deserialize(const Serialization &serialization, std::vector<ElementType> &result);public:/// @brief 生成一个异常/// @param type 类型/// @return 异常static InvalidArgumentException make_exception(const String &type);/// @brief 检查是否为整数/// @param serialization 序列/// @return 是否为整数static bool is_integer(const Serialization &serialization);/// @brief 检查是否为浮点数/// @param serialization 序列/// @return 是否为浮点数static bool is_float(const Serialization &serialization);/// @brief 检查是否为字符串/// @param serialization 序列/// @return 是否为字符串static bool is_string(const Serialization &serialization);};