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SpringBoot中获取当前请求的request和response

news 2025/8/10 7:20:23

在Spring Boot中，你可以以多种方式获取当前请求的HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse对象。以下是几种常见的写法示例：

1. 在方法参数中声明

最常见和推荐的方式是在控制器方法的参数中直接声明HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse对象。Spring Boot会自动将它们注入到方法中。

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;@RestController
public class MyController {@GetMapping("/hello1")public String hello1(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {// 使用 request 对象String method = request.getMethod();String uri = request.getRequestURI();// 使用 response 对象response.setContentType("text/plain");response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);return "Hello 1, Spring Boot!";}
}

2. 使用 @RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

你可以通过注入RequestMappingHandlerAdapter来手动获取HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse对象。这种方式比较灵活，但相对较少使用。

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;@RestController
public class MyController {@Autowiredprivate RequestMappingHandlerAdapter handlerAdapter;@GetMapping("/hello2")public String hello2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {// 通过 handlerAdapter 获取 request 和 response 对象HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) handlerAdapter.getWebBindingInitializer().getBindingContext().getModel().get("org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping.uriTemplateVariables");// 使用 request 对象String method = req.getMethod();String uri = req.getRequestURI();// 使用 response 对象response.setContentType("text/plain");response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);return "Hello 2, Spring Boot!";}
}

3. 使用 ThreadLocal

另一种方式是使用ThreadLocal来存储当前的HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse对象，然后在需要时从ThreadLocal中获取。

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;@RestController
public class MyController {@GetMapping("/hello3")public String hello3() {// 从 RequestContextHolder 中获取 ServletRequestAttributesServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();// 获取 HttpServletRequest 对象HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();// 获取 HttpServletResponse 对象HttpServletResponse response = attributes.getResponse();// 使用 request 对象String method = request.getMethod();String uri = request.getRequestURI();// 使用 response 对象response.setContentType("text/plain");response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);return "Hello 3, Spring Boot!";}
}