SpringBoot（八）之JdbcTemplate

SpringBoot（八）之JdbcTemplate

spring-boot-starter-jdbc 是 Spring Boot 提供的一个用于简化 JDBC 操作的启动器。使用这个启动器，你可以快速配置和使用 JDBC 进行数据库操作。以下是一个详细指南，介绍如何在 Spring Boot 项目中使用 spring-boot-starter-jdbc。

1.添加依赖项：

在 pom.xml（如果使用 Maven）中添加以下依赖项：

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置数据库连接

在 application.properties 或 application.yml 文件中配置数据库连接信息。以下是 application.properties 的示例配置（以 MySQL 为例）：

spring:datasource:username: rootpassword: rooturl: jdbc:mysql://192.168.56.102:3306/boot-test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTCdriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

3.创建表信息

CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (`id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,`age` int DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

4. 创建数据模型

定义你的实体类。例如，一个简单的用户实体类 SysUser：

public class SysUser {private Integer id;private String name;private int age;// Getters and setters
}

5. 创建 Repository

使用 JdbcTemplate 进行数据库操作。首先，创建一个 UserRepository 类：

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.List;@Repository
public class SysUserRepository {private final JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Autowiredpublic SysUserRepository(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;}private final RowMapper<SysUser> rowMapper = (rs, rowNum) -> {SysUser user = new SysUser();user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));user.setName(rs.getString("name"));user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));return user;};public List<SysUser> findAll(){return jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM SYS_USER",rowMapper);}public int save(SysUser user){return jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO SYS_USER (name, age) VALUES (?, ?)",user.getName(),user.getAge());}//其他增删改查信息}

6.测试,创建TestController

@RestController
public class TestController {private final SysUserRepository sysUserRepository;@Autowiredpublic TestController(SysUserRepository sysUserRepository) {this.sysUserRepository = sysUserRepository;}@GetMapping("/getUsers")public List<SysUser> getAllUser(){return sysUserRepository.findAll();}@GetMapping("/addUser")public int addUser(@RequestParam("name") String name,@RequestParam("age") int age){SysUser sysUser = new SysUser();sysUser.setName(name);sysUser.setAge(age);return sysUserRepository.save(sysUser);}
}

启动项目,访问 http://localhost:8080/addUser?name=zhangsan&age=22，http://localhost:8080/addUser?name=lisi&age=25新增zhangsan和lisi两个用户

再次访问http://localhost:8080/getUsers,观察返回

[{"id": 1,"name": "zhangsan","age": 22},{"id": 2,"name": "lisi","age": 25}
]