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使用Springboot配置生产者、消费者RabbitMQ？

news 2025/7/29 11:55:10

生产者服务

1、引入依赖以及配置rabbitmq

此时我们通过使用springboot来快速搭建一个生产者服务

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml

server:port: 8080spring:application:name: producterrabbitmq:addresses: 192.168.118.100:5672username: guestpassword: guestvirtual-host: /connection-timeout: 15000

2、定义队列、交换机以及绑定的routingkey

添加一个config包下添加文件

TopicRabbitConfig.java、MsgSender.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;//Topic类型交换机配置
@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {//配置队列@Beanpublic Queue queue1(){return new Queue("queue1");}@Beanpublic Queue queue2(){return new Queue("queue2");}//配置交换机@Beanpublic TopicExchange exchange(){return new TopicExchange("bootExchange");}//绑定队列到交换机并且执行routingkey，之后指定消费者即可通过指定队列来拿到信息@Beanpublic Binding bindingExchangeMessage1(Queue queue1,TopicExchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1).to(exchange).with("cat.red");}@Beanpublic Binding bindingExchangeMessage2(Queue queue2,TopicExchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2).to(exchange).with("*.red");}}

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;//@Description 发送消息到指定交换机@Component
public class MsgSender {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;private static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "bootExchange";//发送信息的routingkey=>"cat.red"public void send1(){String routingKey = "cat.red";String msg = "this is my message,routingkey is "+routingKey;//交换机名称、routingkey以及发送的信息amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE_NAME,routingKey,msg);System.out.println("已成功发送信息："+msg);}//发送信息的routingkey=>"dog.red"public void send2(){String routingKey = "dog.red";String msg = "this is my message,routingkey is "+routingKey;//交换机名称、routingkey以及发送的信息amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE_NAME,routingKey,msg);System.out.println("已成功发送信息："+msg);}
}

3、创建一个测试类

调用两个方法：

import com.changlu.productor.config.MsgSender;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;@SpringBootTest
class ProductorApplicationTests {@Autowiredprivate MsgSender msgSender;@Testvoid sendMsg1() {msgSender.send1();msgSender.send2();}}

当我用2.4.5的时候读不出来，推存使用高版本的spring boot版本

消费者服务

1、引入依赖以及配置rabbitmq

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml

server:port: 8081  # 设置8081端口spring:application:name: consumerrabbitmq:addresses: 192.168.118.100:5672  # 同样rabbitmq运行端口默认为5672username: guestpassword: guestvirtual-host: /connection-timeout: 15000

2、定义消费者并进行绑定监听

消费者1：绑定对应的queue1

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;//queue1对应routingkey=>cat.red@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue1")
public class Consumer1 {@RabbitHandlerpublic void process(String msg){System.out.println("queue1收到消息："+msg);}}

消费者2：绑定对应的queue2

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;//queue2对应routingkey=>*.red@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue2")
public class Consumer2 {@RabbitHandlerpublic void process(String msg){System.out.println("queue2收到消息："+msg);}}