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devOps系列（八）efk+prometheus+grafana日志监控和告警

news 2025/6/24 8:05:15

前言

作者目前打算分享一期关于devOps系列的文章，希望对热爱学习和探索的你有所帮助。

文章主要记录一些简洁、高效的运维部署指令，旨在 记录和能够快速地构建系统。就像运维文档或者手册一样，方便进行系统的重建、改造和优化。每篇文章独立出来，可以单独作为其中一项组件的部署和使用。

本章为 devOps系列（八）efk+prometheus+grafana日志监控和告警

大纲

devOps系列介绍

devOps系列（一）docker搭建

devOps系列（二）gitlab搭建

devOps系列（三）nexus-harbor搭建

devOps系列（四）jenkins搭建

devOps系列（五）efk系统搭建

devOps系列（六）grafana+prometheus搭建

devOps系列（七）grafana+prometheus监控告警

devOps系列（八）efk+prometheus+grafana日志监控和告警

正文

日志收集

目前我们已经搭建好了efk日志系统，接下来就是把日志数据采集进来。

目前java程序的采集，可以在框架侧写一个基于logback日志收集starter依赖框架，便于日志收集的安装和管理。

可以自建一个starter依赖工程项目，也可以直接植入项目工程。

注：本文着重介绍核心原理，可能无法直接使用

需要引入的依赖

  <dependency><groupId>com.sndyuk</groupId><artifactId>logback-more-appenders</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.komamitsu</groupId><artifactId>fluency-core</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.komamitsu</groupId><artifactId>fluency-fluentd</artifactId></dependency>

核心logback配置文件 logback-spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="false"><!--定义日志文件的存储地址 勿在 LogBack 的配置中使用相对路径--><springProperty name="profile" source="spring.profiles.active"/><springProperty name="applicationName" source="spring.application.name"/><!--   默认地址 --><springProperty name="fluentdAddr" source="framework.logback.fluentd-addr" defaultValue="fluentd.jafir.top"/><property name="LOG_HOME" value="/${applicationName}/logs"/><!-- 控制台输出 --><appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"><encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder"><!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符--><pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern></encoder></appender><!-- info及其以上日志 --><appender name="LOCAL_ALL" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"><filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"><level>INFO</level></filter><rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"><!--日志文件输出的文件名--><FileNamePattern>${LOG_HOME}/info_log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern><!--日志文件保留天数--><MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory></rollingPolicy><encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder"><!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符--><pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern><!-- 设置编码格式，以防中文乱码 --><charset class="java.nio.charset.Charset">UTF-8</charset></encoder><!--日志文件最大的大小--><triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"><MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize></triggeringPolicy></appender><!-- 错误日志 --><appender name="LOCAL_ERROR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"><filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"><level>ERROR</level><onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch><onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch></filter><rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"><!--日志文件输出的文件名--><FileNamePattern>${LOG_HOME}/error_log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern><!--日志文件保留天数--><MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory></rollingPolicy><encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder"><!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符--><pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern><!-- 设置编码格式，以防中文乱码 --><charset class="java.nio.charset.Charset">UTF-8</charset></encoder><!--日志文件最大的大小--><triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"><MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize></triggeringPolicy></appender><!-- Fluency --><appender name="FLUENCY_SYNC" class="ch.qos.logback.more.appenders.FluencyLogbackAppender"><!-- Tag for Fluentd. Farther information: http://docs.fluentd.org/articles/config-file --><!-- 微服务名 --><tag>${applicationName}</tag><!-- [Optional] Label for Fluentd. Farther information: http://docs.fluentd.org/articles/config-file --><!-- Host name/address and port number which Fluentd placed --><remoteHost>${fluentdAddr}</remoteHost><port>24224</port><!-- [Optional] Multiple name/addresses and port numbers which Fluentd placed<remoteServers><remoteServer><host>primary</host><port>24224</port></remoteServer><remoteServer><host>secondary</host><port>24224</port></remoteServer></remoteServers>--><!-- [Optional] Additional fields(Pairs of key: value) --><!-- 环境 --><additionalField><key>env</key><value>${profile}</value></additionalField><!-- [Optional] Configurations to customize Fluency's behavior: https://github.com/komamitsu/fluency#usage  --><ackResponseMode>false</ackResponseMode><!-- <fileBackupDir>/tmp</fileBackupDir> --><bufferChunkInitialSize>33554432</bufferChunkInitialSize><bufferChunkRetentionSize>268435456</bufferChunkRetentionSize><maxBufferSize>1073741824</maxBufferSize><bufferChunkRetentionTimeMillis>1000</bufferChunkRetentionTimeMillis><connectionTimeoutMilli>5000</connectionTimeoutMilli><readTimeoutMilli>5000</readTimeoutMilli><waitUntilBufferFlushed>30</waitUntilBufferFlushed><waitUntilFlusherTerminated>40</waitUntilFlusherTerminated><flushAttemptIntervalMillis>200</flushAttemptIntervalMillis><senderMaxRetryCount>12</senderMaxRetryCount><!-- [Optional] Enable/Disable use of EventTime to get sub second resolution of log event date-time --><useEventTime>true</useEventTime><sslEnabled>false</sslEnabled><!-- [Optional] Enable/Disable use the of JVM Heap for buffering --><jvmHeapBufferMode>false</jvmHeapBufferMode><!-- [Optional] If true, Map Marker is expanded instead of nesting in the marker name --><flattenMapMarker>false</flattenMapMarker><!--  [Optional] default "marker" --><markerPrefix></markerPrefix><!-- [Optional] Message encoder if you want to customize message --><encoder><pattern><![CDATA[%-5level %logger{50}#%line %message]]></pattern></encoder><!-- [Optional] Message field key name. Default: "message" --><messageFieldKeyName>msg</messageFieldKeyName></appender><!-- Fluency --><appender name="FLUENCY_SYNC_ACCESS" class="ch.qos.logback.more.appenders.FluencyLogbackAppender"><!-- Tag for Fluentd. Farther information: http://docs.fluentd.org/articles/config-file --><!-- 微服务名 --><tag>access-${applicationName}</tag><!-- [Optional] Label for Fluentd. Farther information: http://docs.fluentd.org/articles/config-file --><!-- Host name/address and port number which Fluentd placed --><remoteHost>${fluentdAddr}</remoteHost><port>24224</port><!-- [Optional] Multiple name/addresses and port numbers which Fluentd placed<remoteServers><remoteServer><host>primary</host><port>24224</port></remoteServer><remoteServer><host>secondary</host><port>24224</port></remoteServer></remoteServers>--><!-- [Optional] Additional fields(Pairs of key: value) --><!-- 环境 --><additionalField><key>env</key><value>${profile}</value></additionalField><!-- [Optional] Configurations to customize Fluency's behavior: https://github.com/komamitsu/fluency#usage  --><ackResponseMode>false</ackResponseMode><!-- <fileBackupDir>/tmp</fileBackupDir> --><bufferChunkInitialSize>33554432</bufferChunkInitialSize><bufferChunkRetentionSize>268435456</bufferChunkRetentionSize><maxBufferSize>1073741824</maxBufferSize><bufferChunkRetentionTimeMillis>1000</bufferChunkRetentionTimeMillis><connectionTimeoutMilli>5000</connectionTimeoutMilli><readTimeoutMilli>5000</readTimeoutMilli><waitUntilBufferFlushed>30</waitUntilBufferFlushed><waitUntilFlusherTerminated>40</waitUntilFlusherTerminated><flushAttemptIntervalMillis>200</flushAttemptIntervalMillis><senderMaxRetryCount>12</senderMaxRetryCount><!-- [Optional] Enable/Disable use of EventTime to get sub second resolution of log event date-time --><useEventTime>true</useEventTime><sslEnabled>false</sslEnabled><!-- [Optional] Enable/Disable use the of JVM Heap for buffering --><jvmHeapBufferMode>false</jvmHeapBufferMode><!-- [Optional] If true, Map Marker is expanded instead of nesting in the marker name --><flattenMapMarker>false</flattenMapMarker><!--  [Optional] default "marker" --><markerPrefix></markerPrefix><!-- [Optional] Message encoder if you want to customize message --><encoder><pattern>%message%n</pattern></encoder><!-- [Optional] Message field key name. Default: "message" --><messageFieldKeyName>msg</messageFieldKeyName></appender><appender name="FLUENCY" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender"><!-- Max queue size of logs which is waiting to be sent (When it reach to the max size, the log will be disappeared). --><queueSize>999</queueSize><!-- Never block when the queue becomes full. --><neverBlock>true</neverBlock><!-- The default maximum queue flush time allowed during appender stop.If the worker takes longer than this time it will exit, discarding any remaining items in the queue.10000 millis--><maxFlushTime>1000</maxFlushTime><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY_SYNC"/></appender><appender name="FLUENCY_ACCESS" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender"><!-- Max queue size of logs which is waiting to be sent (When it reach to the max size, the log will be disappeared). --><queueSize>999</queueSize><!-- Never block when the queue becomes full. --><neverBlock>true</neverBlock><!-- The default maximum queue flush time allowed during appender stop.If the worker takes longer than this time it will exit, discarding any remaining items in the queue.10000 millis--><maxFlushTime>1000</maxFlushTime><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY_SYNC_ACCESS"/></appender><springProfile name="local"><!-- 日志输出级别 --><root level="INFO"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY"/><!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ALL"/>--><!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ERROR"/>--><!--            <appender-ref ref="FLUENCY"/>--></root><logger name="com.jafir.logback.aop.WebLogAspect" level="INFO" additivity="false"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><!--            <appender-ref ref="FLUENCY_ACCESS"/>--></logger></springProfile><springProfile name="dev,test,preprod"><!-- 日志输出级别 --><root level="INFO"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ALL"/>--><!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ERROR"/>--><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY"/></root><logger name="com.jafir.logback.aop.WebLogAspect" level="INFO" additivity="false"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY_ACCESS"/></logger></springProfile><springProfile name="prod"><!-- 日志输出级别 --><root level="INFO"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
<!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ALL"/>-->
<!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ERROR"/>--><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY"/></root><logger name="com.jafir.logback.aop.WebLogAspect" level="INFO" additivity="false"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY_ACCESS"/></logger></springProfile><!-- 关闭某个日志打印 --><logger name="org.komamitsu.fluency.Fluency" level="OFF" /><logger name="org.komamitsu.fluency.fluentd.ingester.sender.RetryableSender" level="OFF" /><logger name="org.komamitsu.fluency.fluentd.ingester.sender.NetworkSender" level="OFF" /></configuration>

springBoot的AutoConfiguration类

package com.jafir.logback;import com.jafir.logback.aop.WebLogAspect;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;@Configuration
@Import(WebLogAspect.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(LogbackProperties.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "framework.logback", value = "enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
@ComponentScan(value = "com.jafir.logback")
public class LogbackAutoConfiguration {
}

package com.jafir.logback;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import java.util.List;@ConfigurationProperties("framework.logback")
public class LogbackProperties {private Boolean enabled = false;private String fluentdAddr = "fluentd.jaifr.top";private List<String> excludeUrl;public List<String> getExcludeUrl() {return excludeUrl;}public void setExcludeUrl(List<String> excludeUrl) {this.excludeUrl = excludeUrl;}public Boolean getEnabled() {return enabled;}public void setEnabled(Boolean enabled) {this.enabled = enabled;}public String getFluentdAddr() {return fluentdAddr;}public void setFluentdAddr(String fluentdAddr) {this.fluentdAddr = fluentdAddr;}
}

可以通过yml配置文件来进行装配控制

framework.logback.enabled 控制是否开启日志收集

framework.logback.fluentdAddr 设置fluentd的地址

framework.logback.excludeUrl 设置过滤不进行收集的地址

核心servlet拦截器类

package com.jafir.logback.aop;import cn.hutool.core.collection.CollUtil;
import cn.hutool.http.HttpStatus;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.jafir.logback.LogResponseBody;
import com.jafir.logback.LogbackProperties;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping;
import org.springframework.web.util.ContentCachingResponseWrapper;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.*;@Aspect
@Slf4j
public class WebLogAspect {private final boolean NEED_RESPONSE_BODY = true;private final LogbackProperties logbackProperties;private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;private static final List<String> DEFAULT_EXCLUDE_URL = new ArrayList<>();static {DEFAULT_EXCLUDE_URL.add("/actuator/prometheus");DEFAULT_EXCLUDE_URL.add("/health/detect");}public WebLogAspect(ObjectMapper objectMapper, LogbackProperties logbackProperties) {this.objectMapper = objectMapper;this.logbackProperties = logbackProperties;if (CollUtil.isNotEmpty(logbackProperties.getExcludeUrl())) {logbackProperties.getExcludeUrl().addAll(DEFAULT_EXCLUDE_URL);} else {logbackProperties.setExcludeUrl(DEFAULT_EXCLUDE_URL);}}@Around("execution(public void javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(..)))")public Object webLog(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();DelegateHttpRequest servletRequest = new DelegateHttpRequest((HttpServletRequest) args[0]);HttpServletResponse servletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) args[1];ContentCachingResponseWrapper responseWrapper = null;if (NEED_RESPONSE_BODY) {responseWrapper = new ContentCachingResponseWrapper(servletResponse);}// 过滤不需要拦截的请求if (doNotIntercept(servletRequest)) {return joinPoint.proceed();}WebLog webLog = new WebLog();webLog.setTimestamp(Instant.now());WebLog.Request request = new WebLog.Request();InputStream servletRequestStream = servletRequest.getInputStream();int size;byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];ByteArrayOutputStream tmpRequestStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();while ((size = servletRequestStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {tmpRequestStream.write(buffer, 0, size);}request.setBody(tmpRequestStream.toString());Map<String, List<String>> requestHeaders = new HashMap<>();Enumeration<String> servletRequestHeaders = servletRequest.getHeaderNames();while (servletRequestHeaders.hasMoreElements()) {String header = servletRequestHeaders.nextElement();Enumeration<String> values = servletRequest.getHeaders(header);List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();while (values.hasMoreElements()) {String value = values.nextElement();list.add(value);}requestHeaders.put(header, list);}request.setHeaders(requestHeaders);request.setMethod(servletRequest.getMethod());Object rawUrl = servletRequest.getAttribute("raw-api-uri");if (rawUrl instanceof String) {request.setRequestUri((String) rawUrl);} else {request.setRequestUri(servletRequest.getRequestURI());}Map<String, List<String>> parameters = new HashMap<>();for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> entry : servletRequest.getParameterMap().entrySet()) {List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(entry.getValue()));parameters.put(entry.getKey(), list);}request.setParameters(parameters);Object attributeStart = servletRequest.getAttribute("raw-api-start");long start;if (attributeStart instanceof Long) {start = (long) attributeStart;} else {start = System.nanoTime();}Object value;try {if (NEED_RESPONSE_BODY) {value = joinPoint.proceed(new Object[]{servletRequest, responseWrapper});} else {value = joinPoint.proceed(new Object[]{servletRequest, servletResponse});}} catch (Throwable e) {((HttpServletRequest) args[0]).setAttribute("raw-api-uri", servletRequest.getRequestURI());((HttpServletRequest) args[0]).setAttribute("raw-api-start", start);throw e;}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")Map<String, String> pathMap = (Map<String, String>) servletRequest.getAttribute(HandlerMapping.URI_TEMPLATE_VARIABLES_ATTRIBUTE);if (pathMap != null && !pathMap.isEmpty()) {//写入path数据request.setPathParameters(pathMap);}long timeTaken = (System.nanoTime() - start) / 1_000_000;WebLog.Response response = new WebLog.Response();int status = servletResponse.getStatus();if (NEED_RESPONSE_BODY) {boolean isSuccess = true;// 成功的接口不用记录 responseBodyif (HttpStatus.HTTP_OK != status) {isSuccess = false;}String responseBodyStr;try {responseBodyStr = IOUtils.toString(responseWrapper.getContentInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8.displayName());} catch (Exception e) {responseBodyStr = "";isSuccess = false;log.error("接口: {} ,IOUtils.toString 出现异常", servletRequest.getRequestURI());}// 失败的记录一下bodyif (!isSuccess) {response.setResponseBody(responseBodyStr);}try {responseWrapper.copyBodyToResponse();} catch (Exception e) {log.error("接口: {} ,copyBodyToResponse 出现异常", servletRequest.getRequestURI());}}response.setStatus(status);Map<String, List<String>> responseHeaders = new HashMap<>();Collection<String> servletResponseHeaders = servletResponse.getHeaderNames();for (String headerName : servletResponseHeaders) {Collection<String> values = servletResponse.getHeaders(headerName);List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(values);responseHeaders.put(headerName, list);}response.setHeaders(responseHeaders);String bestUri = String.valueOf(servletRequest.getRequest().getAttribute(HandlerMapping.BEST_MATCHING_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE));//兼容处理    抛异常情况下该值null 用requestUri兼容if(bestUri!=null && !bestUri.isEmpty() && !"null".equals(bestUri)) {request.setUri(bestUri);}else {request.setUri(request.getRequestUri());}webLog.setTimeTaken(timeTaken);webLog.setRequest(request);webLog.setResponse(response);log.info(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(webLog));return value;}private boolean doNotIntercept(DelegateHttpRequest servletRequest) {// 放行文件类型if (servletRequest.getContentType() != null && servletRequest.getContentType().contains("multipart")) {return true;}// 如果是 post的 x-www-form 类型 也就是 xx=xx&xx=xx&xx 这种格式的 （一般很少有这样使用的）if ((servletRequest.getContentType() != null&& servletRequest.getContentType().contains("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&& "post".equalsIgnoreCase(servletRequest.getMethod()))) {return true;}// 放行不做拦截的urifor (String uri : logbackProperties.getExcludeUrl()) {if (uri.equals(servletRequest.getRequestURI())) {return true;}}return false;}
}

日志bean

package com.jafir.logback.aop;import lombok.Data;import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;@Data
public class WebLog {private Instant timestamp;private Long timeTaken;private Request request;private Response response;@Datapublic static class Request {private String method;private String uri;private String requestUri;private Map<String, List<String>> headers;private Map<String, List<String>> parameters;private String body;private Map<String, String> pathParameters;}@Datapublic static class Response {/*** http 的 status*/private Integer status;/*** WebResponseBody 的 code*/private Integer bodyCode;private Map<String, List<String>> headers;private String responseBody;}
}

request的代理类（主要目的是保留读取到的流数据。流只能读取一次）

package com.jafir.logback.aop;import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;public class DelegateHttpRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {private byte[] bytes;private final byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];public DelegateHttpRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {super(request);}@Overridepublic ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {if (bytes == null) {ServletInputStream inputStream = super.getInputStream();ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();int size = 0;while ((size = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {outputStream.write(buffer, 0, size);}outputStream.close();bytes = outputStream.toByteArray();}return new DelegateServletInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));}
}

package com.jafir.logback.aop;import javax.servlet.ReadListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;public class DelegateServletInputStream extends ServletInputStream {private final InputStream inputStream;public DelegateServletInputStream(InputStream inputStream){this.inputStream = inputStream;}@Overridepublic boolean isFinished() {return false;}@Overridepublic boolean isReady() {return true;}@Overridepublic void setReadListener(ReadListener listener) { }@Overridepublic int read() throws IOException {return inputStream.read();}
}

以上核心内容其实就是 一个拦截器 进行拦截接口，然后按照一定的结构打印日志，然后logback再利用appender 写入到fluentd中，完成日志的收集。

fluent的日志收集大致如下：

fluency

收集的日志结构中比较重要的字段有：

timetaken： 接口耗时

request：请求

response：返回结果（错误时包含body信息）

status: 表示http的状态 正常都是200

bodyCode: 表示websponse结构里面的code值（如果你的返回结构是 在http之上 又封装了一层 msg code body的话 这里的bodyCode就是 返回的结果里面的code，一般我们会对其进行业务异常和系统异常的code区分。比如 200是正常，500为系统异常，其他是业务异常等）

目前比较重要的是logback-spring.xml中，有几个点。

env : 用于区分环境，logback-spring.xml是支持 profile 获取的

FLUENCY_SYNC： 普通的日志收集，就是整个应用程序的日志。如果是应用日志 则索引名为 $applicationName-年月日

FLUENCY_SYNC_ACCESS: 访问日志的收集，也就是接口的请求日志 通过webaspect拦截器写的日志。如果是访问日志 则索引名为access-$applicationName–年月日

这样的话可以在es中区分开应用日志和访问日志，FLUENCY_SYNC和FLUENCY_SYNC_ACCESS 也能够分开进行收集。

如： 普通的日志就用 FLUENCY_SYNC ，只有 WebLogAspect 下面的拦截器日志，用FLUENCY_SYNC_ACCESS收集

 <springProfile name="prod"><!-- 日志输出级别 --><root level="INFO"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
<!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ALL"/>-->
<!--            <appender-ref ref="LOCAL_ERROR"/>--><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY"/></root><logger name="com.jafir.logback.aop.WebLogAspect" level="INFO" additivity="false"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><appender-ref ref="FLUENCY_ACCESS"/></logger></springProfile>

如上则完成了 efk的日志收集，最终在kibana中可以通过新建pattern来查阅筛选日志信息。

日志监控和告警

对于服务的接口已经按照不同的索引存在于了es中，我们也可以用grafana来进行展示和监控。

grafana添加es datasource

img

img

添加监控表

img

错误统计

错误数query条件: 利用status 或者 bodeCode

img

env:"test" AND @log_name:"access-xxxx" AND   !response.status:"200"

意为：测试环境下的xxx服务，返回结果不等于200的数量

接口响应统计

接口响应query条件： 利用timeTaken

img

env:"test" AND @log_name:"access-jisu-http-web"
注意：

grafan的监控表 query不能使用变量，只能写死，所以可能会写多个环境 多个服务 多张表

添加告警

img

告警理论上可以使用grafana自身集成的alertmanager 但是尝试之后发现并不好用 所以我们还是使用 前面prometheus监控搭建得 alertmanager 和 prometheus-alert结合使用

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这里就添加对应地址即可

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其他可以默认 然后就好了

原理介绍

es数据源-》grafana （监控数据表 触发告警条件 发送告警） -》 alertmanager （配置路由到指定webhook） -》 prometheus-alert （根据不同模板组装数据）-》企业微信

alertmanager和prometheus-alert配置调整

prometheus-alert地址

http://192.168.20.2:8080/

img

找到grafana-wx 然后设置模板

{{range $k, $v := .alerts}}{{if eq $v.status "resolved"}}## [Prometheus恢复]()
###### 告警类型: {{$v.labels.alertname}}
###### 告警状态: {{ $v.status }}
###### 告警详情: {{$v.annotations.__value_string__}}
###### 故障时间：{{GetCSTtime $v.startsAt}}
###### 恢复时间：{{GetCSTtime $v.endsAt}}
{{else}}
## [Prometheus告警]()
###### 告警类型: {{$v.labels.alertname}}
###### 告警状态: {{ $v.status }}
###### 告警详情: {{$v.annotations.__value_string__}}
###### 故障时间：{{GetCSTtime $v.startsAt}}
{{end}}{{end}}

也可以进行测试 （测试内容可以从prometheus-alert日志中寻找）

{"receiver":"web\\.hook\\.grafanaalert","status":"resolved","alerts":[{"status":"resolved","labels":{"__alert_rule_namespace_uid__":"IrqNMj34z","__alert_rule_uid__":"lBw5-C3Vz","alertname":"DatasourceNoData","datasource_uid":"bP2dUr3Vz","ref_id":"A","rulename":"api-server错误"},"annotations":{"__dashboardUid__":"CBAou9qVz","__panelId__":"10"},"startsAt":"2023-08-03T00:00:12.197Z","endsAt":"2023-08-03T01:12:05.562Z","generatorURL":"http://localhost:3000/alerting/lBw5-C3Vz/edit","fingerprint":"f265175a34e6cc2e"}],"groupLabels":{"alertname":"DatasourceNoData"},"commonLabels":{"__alert_rule_namespace_uid__":"IrqNMj34z","__alert_rule_uid__":"lBw5-C3Vz","alertname":"DatasourceNoData","datasource_uid":"bP2dUr3Vz","ref_id":"A","rulename":"api-server错误"},"commonAnnotations":{"__dashboardUid__":"CBAou9qVz","__panelId__":"10"},"externalURL":"http://alertmanager:9093","version":"4","groupKey":"{}/{__alert_rule_namespace_uid__=\"IrqNMj34z\"}:{alertname=\"DatasourceNoData\"}","truncatedAlerts":0}

img

prometheus告警模板

img

{{range $k, $v := .alerts}}{{if eq $v.status "resolved"}}
## [Prometheus恢复]()
###### 告警类型: {{$v.labels.alertname}}
###### 故障主机: {{$v.labels.instance}}
###### 环境类型：{{$v.labels.job}}
###### 告警详情: {{$v.annotations.description}}
###### 故障时间：{{GetCSTtime $v.startsAt}}
###### 恢复时间：{{GetCSTtime $v.endsAt}}{{else}}
## [Prometheus告警]()
###### 告警类型: {{$v.labels.alertname}}
###### 故障主机: {{$v.labels.instance}}
###### 环境类型：{{$v.labels.job}}
###### 告警详情: {{$v.annotations.description}}
###### 故障时间：{{GetCSTtime $v.startsAt}}{{end}}
{{end}}
alertmanager配置
global:resolve_timeout: 15s
route:group_by: ['alertname','instance']group_wait: 10sgroup_interval: 10srepeat_interval: 2mreceiver: 'web.hook.prometheusalert'routes:- receiver: 'web.hook.grafanaalert'  # 路由到名为 "web.hook.grafanaalert" 的接收器match:__alert_rule_namespace_uid__: 'IrqNMj34z'  # 匹配 alertname 为 "grafana" 的告警
receivers:
- name: 'web.hook.prometheusalert'webhook_configs:- url: 'http://prometheus-alert:8080/prometheusalert?type=wx&tpl=prometheus-wx&wxurl=你的企业微信webhook'
- name: 'web.hook.grafanaalert'webhook_configs:- url: 'http://prometheus-alert:8080/prometheusalert?type=wx&tpl=grafana-wx&wxurl=你的企业微信webhook'

配置含义：

10s 检测一下 2m 再重复提示

默认情况下都认为是prometheus的告警，走prometheusalert发送到对应prometheus-wx的模板

如果是数据包含 __alert_rule_namespace_uid__: 'IrqNMj34z' 则认为是grafana的告警 走grafanaalert发送到对应grafana-wx的模板

以上配置可以自适应调整，如果有发短信 或者 打电话告警的，也可以利用prometheusAlert全家桶的方式接入进来。

测验

配置好了之后 就可以在grafana进行告警测试了

img

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