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Spring——整合junit4、junit5使用方法

news 2025/8/4 17:16:37

spring需要创建spring容器，每次创建容器

单元测试是测试单元代码

junit4

依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>02-Spring</artifactId><groupId>org.example</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>023-jUnit</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>6.0.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>6.0.4</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--    开启扫描--><context:component-scan base-package="com.powernode.spring6.bean"/>
</beans>

实体类

package com.powernode.spring6.bean;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @BelongsProject: 02-Spring* @BelongsPackage: com.powernode.spring6.bean* @Author: dengLiMei* @CreateTime: 2023-02-21  09:07* @Description: TODO* @Version: 1.0*/
@Component
public class User {@Value("张三")private String name;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +'}';}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}
}

主函数

没有使用junit4之前

public class SpringJunit4Test {@Testpublic void testUser(){ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);System.out.println(user.getName());}public void testUser1(){ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);System.out.println(user.getName());}public void testUser2(){ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);System.out.println(user.getName());}
}
}

使用junit4之后

//Spring对Junit4的支持
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
public class SpringJunit4Test {@Autowiredprivate User user;@Testpublic void testUser() {System.out.println(user.getName());}public void testUser1() {System.out.println(user.getName());}public void testUser2() {System.out.println(user.getName());}

通过一张图我们来对比一下更直观，如下图：

junit5

依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>02-Spring</artifactId><groupId>org.example</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>023-jUnit5</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>6.0.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId><artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId><version>5.9.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>6.0.4</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--    开启扫描--><context:component-scan base-package="bean"/>
</beans>

实体类

package bean;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @BelongsProject: 02-Spring* @BelongsPackage: com.powernode.spring6.bean* @Author: dengLiMei* @CreateTime: 2023-02-21  09:07* @Description: TODO* @Version: 1.0*/
@Component
public class User {@Value("张三")private String name;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +'}';}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}
}

主函数

import bean.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;/*** @BelongsProject: 02-Spring* @BelongsPackage: PACKAGE_NAME* @Author: dengLiMei* @CreateTime: 2023-02-21  11:18* @Description: TODO* @Version: 1.0*/
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
public class Main {@Autowiredprivate User user;@Testpublic void testUser() {System.out.println(user.getName());}public void testUser1() {System.out.println(user.getName());}public void testUser2() {System.out.println(user.getName());}
}