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React Store及store持久化的使用

news 2025/8/4 12:40:03

1.安装

npm insatll react-redux
npm install @reduxjs/toolkit
npm install redux-persist

2. 使用React Toolkit创建counterStore并配置持久化

store/modules/counterStore.ts：

import { createSlice } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'// 定义状态类型  
interface Action {  payload:number,type: string
} 
interface State {  count: number
} export const counterStore = createSlice({// 模块名称独一无二name: 'counter',// 初始数据initialState: {count: 1},// 修改数据的同步方法reducers: {increment: (state:State) => {state.count += 1},decrement: (state:State) => {state.count -= 1},incrementNum: (state:State, action: Action) => {state.count += action.payload}}
})// 导出
export const { increment, decrement, incrementNum } = counterStore.actions
export default counterStore.reducer

store/index.ts：

import { configureStore, combineReducers } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'
import counterReducer from './modules/counterStore'import { persistStore, persistReducer } from 'redux-persist'
// 选择持久化存储引擎，如 localStorage 或 AsyncStorage
import storage from 'redux-persist/lib/storage' // 默认使用localStorage作为存储引擎// 组合各个模块的reducer
const reducer = combineReducers({counter: counterReducer
})// 配置持久化设置
const persistConfig = {key: 'root', // 存储的键名storage // 持久化存储引擎// 可选的配置项，如白名单、黑名单等 选其一就好了// blacklist:['test'], // 只有 test 不会被缓存// whitelist: ["test"], // 只有 test 会被缓存
}const persistedReducer = persistReducer(persistConfig, reducer)export const store = configureStore({reducer: persistedReducer, // 注册子模块middleware: (getDefaultMiddleware) =>getDefaultMiddleware({serializableCheck: false // 关闭默认的序列化检查//关闭严格模式})
})export const persistor = persistStore(store)

3. 为React注入store

react-redux负责把Redux和React 链接起来，内置 Provider组件，通过 store 参数把创建好的store实例注入到应用中，链接正式建立

main.tsx：

import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client'
import App from './App'
import { BrowserRouter } from "react-router-dom"
import { Provider } from 'react-redux'
import {store, persistor } from "@/store"
// store持久化
import { PersistGate } from 'redux-persist/integration/react'ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root')!).render(<Provider store={store}>{/* 注入router实例 */}<BrowserRouter><PersistGate loading={null} persistor={persistor}><App /></PersistGate></BrowserRouter></Provider>
)

4. React组件使用store中的数据

useSelector，作用：在函数组件中获取redux数据存储对象中的某个数据

useDispatch，作用: 在函数组件中获取dipatch方法(用于发送action给reducer函数)

import React from "react";
import { useDispatch,useSelector } from "react-redux";
import { increment, decrement, incrementNum } from '@/store/modules/counterStore'const App: React.FC = () => {const dispatch = useDispatch()const { count } = useSelector((state:any) => state.counter)return (<div><div>{count}</div><button onClick={() => {dispatch(increment())}}>加1</button><button onClick={() => {dispatch(decrement())}}>减1</button><button onClick={() => {dispatch(incrementNum(5))}}>加5</button></div>);
};export default App;