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【FPGA/verilog -入门学习16】fpga状态机实现

news 2025/8/26 23:48:01

需求：

用两段式状态机设计序列码检测机。这个序列码检测机用于检索连续输入的 1bit 数据

（每个时钟周期输入 1bit），当检测到一串“101100”的输入数据时，产生一个时钟周期的

高脉冲指示信号

状态图

 //实现状态机切换//101100 //完成切换后，输出高脉冲`timescale 1ns/1ps
module vlg_design(input i_clk,input i_rest_n,input i_incode,output reg   o_vaild);parameter IDLE = 4'd0; 
parameter S1   = 4'd1; 
parameter S2   = 4'd2; 
parameter S3   = 4'd3; 
parameter S4   = 4'd4; 
parameter S5   = 4'd5; 
parameter S6   = 4'd6; reg [3:0] cstate;
reg [3:0] nstate;always @(posedge i_clk) beginif(!i_rest_n) cstate <= IDLE;else cstate <= nstate;
endalways @(*) begincase(cstate)IDLE:begino_vaild <= 1'd0;if(i_incode == 1) nstate <= S1;else nstate <= IDLE;endS1:begino_vaild <= 1'd0;if(i_incode == 0) nstate <= S2;else nstate <= S1;endS2:begino_vaild <= 1'd0;if(i_incode == 1) nstate <= S3;else nstate <= IDLE;endS3:begino_vaild <= 1'd0;if(i_incode == 1) nstate <= S4;else nstate <= S2;endS4:begino_vaild <= 1'd0;if(i_incode == 0) nstate <= S5;else nstate <= S1;endS5:begino_vaild <= 1'd0;if(i_incode == 0) nstate <= S6;else nstate <= S3;endS6:begino_vaild <= 1'd1;if(i_incode == 1) nstate <= S1;else nstate <= IDLE;end        default :beginnstate <= IDLE;o_vaild <= 1'd0;endendcase
endendmodule


`timescale 1ns/1psmodule testbench_top();//参数定义`define CLK_PERIORD        20        //时钟周期设置为20ns（50MHz）    //接口申明
reg i_clk;
reg i_rest_n;
reg i_incode;
wire o_vaild;//对被测试的设计进行例化vlg_design        uut_vlg_design(.i_clk(i_clk),.i_rest_n(i_rest_n),.i_incode(i_incode),.o_vaild(o_vaild) );    ///initial begini_clk <= 0;
i_rest_n <= 0;
#20;
i_rest_n <= 1;endalways #(`CLK_PERIORD/2) i_clk = ~i_clk;
integer i;initial begin@(posedge i_clk);
@(posedge i_rest_n);my_task(6'b101100);
my_task(6'b101100);my_task(6'b111100);
my_task(6'b101110);
my_task(6'b101100);
repeat(10)@(posedge i_clk);#2_000_000;
$stop;
endtask my_task;  input [5:0] data;    begin  for(i=0;i < 6;i = i+1) begini_incode <= data[5-i];@(posedge i_clk);endend  
endtaskendmodule

仿真波形