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一个可以用于生产环境得PHP上传函数

news 2025/8/26 23:50:52

上传表单

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body><h1>选择要上传的文件</h1><!-- 定义一个包含文件输入字段的表单 --><form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"><input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload"><input type="submit" value="上传"></form>
</body>
</html>

PHP文件上传函数

这个是增强版本的文件上传函数，增加了以下功能：

添加了对上传文件大小的限制。通过指定 $allowedExtensions 参数检查上传文件的扩展名。
使用随机字符串生成新的文件名，防止目录遍历攻击。对于图片文件，进行了基本的尺寸验证（通过 getimagesize()
函数）。若需进一步验证图像内容或处理潜在的安全风险，可以启用注释中的代码块来创建和销毁临时图像资源。
请注意，在实际生产环境中，针对图像文件的验证可能需要更复杂的逻辑，具体取决于您的需求。例如，您可以根据业务需求设定最大宽高比、最小和最大尺寸等条件。

function uploadFile($file, $uploadDir, $allowedExtensions = [], $maxFileSize = 0, $allowedMimeTypes = []) {// 检查是否是 POST 请求以及是否有文件被上传if (!isset($_FILES[$file]) || $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] !== 'POST') {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Invalid request.'];}$uploadedFile = $_FILES[$file];// 检查错误状态if ($uploadedFile['error'] !== UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {switch ($uploadedFile['error']) {case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:$errorMessage = 'The uploaded file exceeds the maximum allowed size.';break;case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:$errorMessage = 'No file was uploaded.';break;default:$errorMessage = 'Unknown error occurred while uploading file.';}return ['status' => false, 'message' => $errorMessage];}// 检查文件大小限制if ($maxFileSize > 0 && $uploadedFile['size'] > $maxFileSize) {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'The uploaded file exceeds the maximum allowed size.'];}// 检查 MIME 类型（如果已提供允许的 MIME 类型）if (!empty($allowedMimeTypes)) {$finfo = new finfo(FILEINFO_MIME_TYPE);$mime = $finfo->file($uploadedFile['tmp_name']);if (!in_array($mime, $allowedMimeTypes)) {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Invalid file type.'];}}// 检查扩展名是否允许$ext = strtolower(pathinfo($uploadedFile['name'], PATHINFO_EXTENSION));if (!empty($allowedExtensions) && !in_array($ext, $allowedExtensions)) {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Invalid file extension.'];}// 生成安全的唯一文件名，防止目录遍历攻击$newFileName = bin2hex(random_bytes(16)) . '.' . $ext;// 定义并检查目标文件夹路径是否存在且可写$targetPath = rtrim($uploadDir, '/') . '/';if (!is_dir($targetPath) || !is_writable($targetPath)) {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Upload directory is not writable or does not exist.'];}// 对于图片文件进行尺寸和内容验证（假设使用GD库）if (in_array($mime, ['image/jpeg', 'image/png', 'image/gif'])) {$imageInfo = getimagesize($uploadedFile['tmp_name']);if (!$imageInfo) {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Invalid image file.'];}// 可在此处添加对图像尺寸、类型等的进一步验证// ...// 如果需要，可以创建一个临时图像资源以进一步验证内容// $img = imagecreatefromstring(file_get_contents($uploadedFile['tmp_name']));// if (!$img) {//     return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Failed to process the image.'];// }// imagedestroy($img);}// 将文件移动到目标目录$targetFile = $targetPath . $newFileName;if (!move_uploaded_file($uploadedFile['tmp_name'], $targetFile)) {return ['status' => false, 'message' => 'Failed to move uploaded file to target directory.'];}return ['status' => true,'message' => 'File uploaded successfully.','filename' => $newFileName,'filepath' => $targetFile,];
}

函数使用示例

// 使用示例：
$uploadDir = './upload';
$allowedExtensions = ['jpg', 'jpeg', 'png'];
$maxFileSize = 5 * 1024 * 1024; // 最大文件大小为5MB
$allowedMimeTypes = ['image/jpeg', 'image/png'];if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST' && isset($_FILES['fileToUpload'])) {$result = uploadFile('fileToUpload', $uploadDir, $allowedExtensions, $maxFileSize, $allowedMimeTypes);if ($result['status']) {echo 'File uploaded: ' . $result['filepath'];} else {echo 'Error: ' . $result['message'];}
}