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Linux平台下使用.NET Core访问Access数据库

news 2025/8/12 0:18:15

运行环境

操作系统：Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS (Jammy)
开发工具：Visual Studio 2022 (17.8.0)
运行时版本：.NET Runtime 8.0
依赖库：unixodbc、mdbtools、odbc-mdbtools

依赖库安装

apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unixodbc mdbtools odbc-mdbtools

依赖库版本信息

apt list --installed | grep odbc

libodbc1/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libodbc2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libodbccr2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libodbcinst2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
odbc-mdbtools/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed]
odbcinst1debian2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
odbcinst/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
unixodbc-common/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 all [installed,automatic]
unixodbc/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed]

apt list --installed | grep mdb

liblmdb0/jammy,now 0.9.24-1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libmdb3/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libmdbsql3/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
mdbtools/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed]
odbc-mdbtools/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed]

`Linux平台` 下的 `ODBC` 配置

/etc/odbc.ini

[access_db] # 随意命名，会在项目代码里用到它
Description=Microsoft Access Database
Driver=MDBW
ServerName = localhost
Database=/root/Database1.mdb # 按你的实际路径改写，要有读写权限

/etc/odbcinst.ini

[MDBW] # 随意，在odbc.ini文件用到它
Description=MDBTools Driver Wide # 随意
Driver=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbcW.so # 按你的实际路径改写
Setup=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbcW.so # 按你的实际路径改写
FileUsage=1
UsageCount=1
[MDBTools]
Description=MDBTools Driver # 随意
Driver=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbc.so # 按你的实际路径改写
Setup=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbc.so # 按你的实际路径改写
FileUsage=1
UsageCount=1
[ODBC]
Trace=1
TraceFile=/tmp/mdb.log # 有写入权限的文件路径

Demo 项目代码

输出：

UserName: Allen
UserName: Joy

编译和发布

在 OdbcForLinuxTestApp 目录下，执行命令：

dotnet publish -c Release -f net8.0 -r win-x64 -o ./publish/win-x64 # 如果只考虑 Linux平台，该命令可忽略
dotnet publish -c Release -f net8.0 -r linux-x64 -o ./publish/linux-x64

运行 OdbcForLinuxTestApp

注意：Database1.mdb 数据库文件需要提前放到正确的路径，以 odbc.ini文件 的 Database 配置项为准。

cd ./publish/linux-x64
chmod +x OdbcForLinuxTestApp # 授予可执行权限
./OdbcForLinuxTestApp

BASH 复制全屏

Program.cs

using System.Data;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.Odbc;
using System.Data.OleDb;namespace OdbcForLinuxTestApp;internal sealed class Program
{static async Task Main(string[] args){string connectionStrings;if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows()){string mdbFile = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, "Database1.mdb");connectionStrings = $"Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source={mdbFile}";}else{//root/Database1.mdbconnectionStrings = "DSN=access_db;";}await using (DbConnection conn = GetDbConnection(connectionStrings)){await conn.OpenAsync();DbCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand();cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;cmd.CommandText = "select [ID],[UserName] from Users";DbDataReader reader = await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync();while (await reader.ReadAsync()){//The MDBTools does not support the use of column namesstring userName = reader.GetString(1);Console.WriteLine("UserName: " + userName);}}}private static string DbProviderName => OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? "System.Data.OleDb" : "System.Data.Odbc";private static DbConnection GetDbConnection(string connectionStrings){RegisterOdbcOrOleDbFactory();DbProviderFactory dbFactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbProviderName);DbConnection? conn = dbFactory.CreateConnection();if (conn == null){return OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? new OleDbConnection(connectionStrings) : new OdbcConnection(connectionStrings);}conn.ConnectionString = connectionStrings;return conn;}private static int _isRegisteredDbFactory;private static void RegisterOdbcOrOleDbFactory(){if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _isRegisteredDbFactory, 1, 0) == 0){string dbProviderName = DbProviderName;IEnumerable<string> providerInvariantNames = DbProviderFactories.GetProviderInvariantNames();string? invariantName = providerInvariantNames.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Equals(dbProviderName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(invariantName)){DbProviderFactories.RegisterFactory(dbProviderName, OdbcFactory.Instance);}}}
}