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SpringBoot--中间件技术-3：整合mongodb，整合ElasticSearch，附案例含代码(简单易懂)

news 2025/8/6 7:37:04

SpringBoot整合mongodb

实现步骤：

  1. pom文件导坐标

    <!--mongo-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

  2. yaml配置文件配置mongodb：

    spring:data:mongodb:uri: mongodb://localhost/spring

  3. 随便建一个pojo

    @Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Book {private int id;private String name;private String type;private String description;
}

  4. 测试：

    @SpringBootTest
class SpringbootMongodb01ApplicationTests {@Autowired(required = false)private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;@Testvoid contextLoads() {Book book = new Book();book.setId(4);book.setName("董健翔");book.setType("牛逼");book.setDescription("真牛逼");mongoTemplate.save(book);}@Testvoid find(){List<Book> all = mongoTemplate.findAll(Book.class);System.out.println(all);}
}

    装配MongoTemplate模板类，调用方法

整合MongoDB总结：

  1. 导坐标
  2. 写配置文件
  3. 核心类MongoTemplate调用

SpringBoot整合ElasticSearch

前提准备：数据库+ES

数据库建表语句：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_hotel`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_hotel`  (`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '酒店id',`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '酒店名称',`address` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '酒店地址',`price` int(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '酒店价格',`score` int(2) NOT NULL COMMENT '酒店评分',`brand` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '酒店品牌',`city` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '所在城市',`star_name` varchar(16) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '酒店星级，1星到5星，1钻到5钻',`business` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商圈',`latitude` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '纬度',`longitude` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '经度',`pic` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '酒店图片',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

实现步骤：

  1. pom文件到坐标

    <properties><!--锁定jdk版本--><java.version>1.8</java.version><!--锁定es版本--><elasticsearch.version>7.12.0</elasticsearch.version>
</properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId><artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.4.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.29</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId></dependency><!--FastJson--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.71</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

  2. yaml配置文件

    spring:datasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?serverTimezone=GMTusername: rootpassword: 123456
logging:level:com.dong: debug
mybatis-plus:configuration:map-underscore-to-camel-case: truetype-aliases-package: com.dong.pojo

  3. 创建实体类：

    对应数据库表的实体类

    @NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
@TableName("tb_hotel")
public class Hotel {@TableId(type = IdType.INPUT)private Long id;private String name;private String address;private Integer price;private Integer score;private String brand;private String city;private String starName;private String business;private String longitude;//经度private String latitude;//纬度private String pic;
}

    对应ES的实体类

    @Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class HotelDoc {private Long id;private String name;private String address;private Integer price;private Integer score;private String brand;private String city;private String starName;private String business;private String location;private String pic;
// 构造方法用于类型转换   将数据库中的经、纬度用坐标location代替，所以HotelDoc稍有不同public HotelDoc(Hotel hotel){   this.id = hotel.getId();this.name = hotel.getName();this.address = hotel.getAddress();this.price = hotel.getPrice();this.score = hotel.getScore();this.brand = hotel.getBrand();this.city = hotel.getCity();this.starName = hotel.getStarName();this.business = hotel.getBusiness();this.location = hotel.getLatitude() + ", "+ hotel.getLongitude();this.pic = hotel.getPic();}
}

  4. mapper层：

    @Mapper
public interface HotelMapper extends BaseMapper<Hotel> {
}

  5. service层：

    接口：

    public interface IHotelService extends IService<Hotel> {
}

    实现类：

    @Service
public class HotelServiceImp extends ServiceImpl<HotelMapper, Hotel> implements IHotelService {
}

  6. 演示在juint中进行，演示对索引库和文档的操作

索引库的操作

  • 判断索引库是否存在（其实就是查询）
  • 创建索引库
  • 删除索引库
@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootEs01ApplicationTests {// 操作es的核心对象private RestHighLevelClient client;// 单元测试之前都执行的，告诉核心对象es的端口号  固定语法@BeforeEachvoid setUp(){this.client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(HttpHost.create("http://localhost:9200")));}// 单元测试之后都执行的@AfterEachvoid tearDown() throws Exception{this.client.close();}// 判断索引库是否存在@Testvoid testExistsHotelIndex() throws Exception {GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("hotels");boolean exists = client.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.err.println(exists ? "索引库已经存在":"索引库不存在");}// 创建索引库@Testvoid createHotelIndex() throws Exception{// 创建Request对象CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("hotels");// 准备请求的参数：DSL语句request.source(HotelConstants.MAPPING_TEMPLATE, XContentType.JSON);// 发送请求client.indices().create(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}// 删除索引库@Testvoid delteHotelIndex() throws Exception{// 创建Request对象DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("hotels");// 发送请求client.indices().delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}
}

创建索引库的时候需要映射，映射往往是一个复杂且长的JSON，所以单独写个类，上面创建索引库的映射如下

可以在postman中写好粘贴过来

public class HotelConstants {public static final String MAPPING_TEMPLATE = "{\n" +"  \"mappings\": {\n" +"    \"properties\": {\n" +"      \"id\": {\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"name\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"text\",\n" +"        \"analyzer\": \"ik_max_word\",\n" +"        \"copy_to\": \"all\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"address\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\",\n" +"        \"index\": false\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"price\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"integer\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"score\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"integer\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"brand\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\",\n" +"        \"copy_to\": \"all\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"city\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\",\n" +"        \"copy_to\": \"all\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"starName\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"business\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"location\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"geo_point\"\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"pic\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"keyword\",\n" +"        \"index\": false\n" +"      },\n" +"      \"all\":{\n" +"        \"type\": \"text\",\n" +"        \"analyzer\": \"ik_max_word\"\n" +"      }\n" +"    }\n" +"  }\n" +"}";
}

文档的操作

@SpringBootTest
public class HotelDocumentTests {// 核心对象private RestHighLevelClient client;// 需要从数据库中查数据存入es，装配业务@Autowired(required = false)private IHotelService service;@BeforeEachvoid setUp(){this.client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(HttpHost.create("http://localhost:9200")));}@AfterEachvoid tearDown() throws  Exception{this.client.close();}// 从数据库新增一条数据到es@Testvoid addDocument() throws Exception{// 从数据库查询一条数据Hotel hotel = service.getById(395434);System.out.println(hotel);// 转换为文档类型HotelDoc hotelDoc = new HotelDoc(hotel);// 将文档类型转为JSON格式String json = JSON.toJSONString(hotelDoc);// 准备request请求对象IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("hotels").id(hotelDoc.getId().toString());// 准备JSON文档request.source(json, XContentType.JSON);// 发送请求client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}// 从es中删除一条数据@Testvoid deleteDocument() throws Exception{// 准备删除请求RequestDeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("hotels", "395434");// 发送请求client.delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}// 修改es中的数据@Testvoid updateDocument() throws  Exception{// 准备修改请求UpdateRequestUpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("hotels", "395434");// 准备请求参数（要修改的数据内容）request.doc("name","W酒店","city","西安","price","2000","starName","五星级");// 发送请求client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}// 从es中查询一条数据@Testvoid getDocumentById() throws  Exception{// 准备查询请求GetRequestGetRequest getRequest = new GetRequest("hotels", "395434");// 发送请求，得到响应GetResponse response = client.get(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析响应结果String json = response.getSourceAsString();HotelDoc hotelDoc = JSON.parseObject(json,HotelDoc.class);System.out.println(hotelDoc);}// 批量新增数据到es@Testvoid addAllDocument() throws  Exception{// 数据库全查List<Hotel> hotels = service.list();// 准备请求BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();// 准备参数for(Hotel hotel : hotels){// 类型转化HotelDoc hotelDoc = new HotelDoc(hotel);// 请求添加数据bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("hotels").id(hotelDoc.getId().toString()).source(JSON.toJSONString(hotelDoc),XContentType.JSON));}// 发送请求client.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}// 解析对象方法public void show(SearchResponse response){// 解析响应SearchHits searchHits = response.getHits();long total = searchHits.getTotalHits().value;System.out.println("总计查询数据："+total+"条");SearchHit[] hits = searchHits.getHits();for(SearchHit hit :hits){/// 获取文档sourceString json = hit.getSourceAsString();// 反序列化HotelDoc hotelDoc = JSON.parseObject(json, HotelDoc.class);System.out.println("hotelDoc="+hotelDoc);}}/*---------- 全查 ------------*/// 全查@Testvoid findAllDocument() throws IOException{// 准备requestSearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 2.准备DSL，QueryBuilders构造查询条件request.source().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());// 3.发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}/*-------------- 全文检索 ---------------*/// 查询all字段内容中含有如家的@Testvoid testMacth() throws IOException{// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 准备DSLrequest.source().query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("all","如家"));// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}// 查询字段name、city中有上海的@Testvoid testMultiMatchQuery()throws IOException {// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 准备DSLrequest.source().query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("上海","name","city"));// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}/*------------ 精确查询 ------------------*/// term:根据词条精准查询（字段等值查询）@Testvoid testTerm() throws  IOException{// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 准备DSLrequest.source().query(QueryBuilders.termQuery("brand","希尔顿"));// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}// range范围查询@Testvoid  testRange() throws IOException {// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 准备DSLrequest.source().query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("price").gte(200).lte(300));// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}// ids查询@Testvoid testIds() throws IOException  {// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 准备DSLrequest.source().query(QueryBuilders.idsQuery().addIds("395434","3532"));// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}/*------------- 复合查询 --------------------*/// bool复合查询@Testvoid testBool() throws IOException{// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");// 准备条件/*-- 方式1  ----*///        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();//        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("city","北京"));//        boolQueryBuilder.filter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("price").lte(500));//        // 准备DSL//        request.source().query(boolQueryBuilder);/*---- 方式2 ----*/request.source().query(QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("city","北京")).filter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("price").lte(500)));// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);show(response);}// 自定义分页方式@Testvoid testPageAndSort() throws IOException{int page = 1;   //页码int size = 5;   //步长String searchName="希尔顿"; // 查询条件// 准备请求SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("hotels");if (searchName == null){request.source().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());}else {request.source().query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("brand",searchName));}// 自定义分页request.source().from((page-1)*size).size(size);// 自定义排序request.source().sort("price", SortOrder.DESC);// 发送请求SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析结果show(response);}
}

小结：

文档的查询操作实现步骤大致都相同：

  1. 准备请求
  2. 准备DSL
  3. 发送请求
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