当前位置：首页 > news >正文

Spring整合RabbitMQ

news 2025/7/28 0:10:47

一、步骤

生产者

① 创建生产者工程

② 添加依赖

③ 配置整合

④ 编写代码发送消息

消费者

① 创建消费者工程

② 添加依赖

③ 配置整合

④ 编写消息监听器

二、代码

生产者工程

1.在生产者工程和消费者工程中都导入如下依赖

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId><artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId><version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version></dependency>
</dependencies>
<build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.8.0</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target></configuration></plugin></plugins>
</build>

2.生产者和消费者导入配置文件 rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=43.143.246.208
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=root
rabbitmq.password=root
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast

3.生产者核心配置文件 spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttps://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbithttp://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd"><!--加载配置文件--><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/><!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory --><rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"port="${rabbitmq.port}"username="${rabbitmq.username}"password="${rabbitmq.password}"virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/><!--定义管理交换机、队列--><rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/><!--定义持久化队列，不存在则自动创建；不绑定到交换机则绑定到默认交换机默认交换机类型为direct，名字为：""，路由键为队列的名称--><rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/><!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~广播；所有队列都能收到消息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ --><!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建--><rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/><!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建--><rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/><!--定义广播类型交换机；并绑定上述两个队列--><rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true"><rabbit:bindings><rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"/><rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/></rabbit:bindings></rabbit:fanout-exchange><!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符；*匹配一个单词，#匹配多个单词 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ --><!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建--><rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/><!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建--><rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/><!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建--><rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/><rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange" name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true"><rabbit:bindings><rabbit:binding pattern="root.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/><rabbit:binding pattern="root.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/><rabbit:binding pattern="itcast.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/></rabbit:bindings></rabbit:topic-exchange><!--定义rabbitTemplate对象操作可以在代码中方便发送消息--><rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
</beans>

4.测试类 ProducerTest

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
public class ProducerTest {//1.注入 RabbitTemplate@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Testpublic void testHelloWorld(){//2.发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue","hello world spring....");}/*** 发送fanout消息*/@Testpublic void testFanout(){//2.发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange","","spring fanout....");}/*** 发送topic消息*/@Testpublic void testTopic(){//2.发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","root.hehe.haha","spring topic....");}
}

5.运行结果

消费者工程

1、2同上述1、2

3、消费者核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttps://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbithttp://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd"><!--加载配置文件--><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/><!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory --><rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"port="${rabbitmq.port}"username="${rabbitmq.username}"password="${rabbitmq.password}"virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/><!-- 定义SpringQueueListener --><bean id="springQueueListener" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
<!--    <bean id="fanoutListener1" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener1"/>-->
<!--    <bean id="fanoutListener2" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener2"/>-->
<!--    <bean id="topicListenerStar" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerStar"/>-->
<!--    <bean id="topicListenerWell" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell"/>-->
<!--    <bean id="topicListenerWell2" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell2"/>--><rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true"><!-- 定义SpringQueueListener 监听哪个队列--><rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
<!--        <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener1" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>-->
<!--        <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener2" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>-->
<!--        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerStar" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_star"/>-->
<!--        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well"/>-->
<!--        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell2" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>--></rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

4.类 SpringQueueListener

public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener {@Overridepublic void onMessage(Message message) {//打印消息System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));}
}

5.测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-comsumer.xml")
public class ConsumerTest {@Testpublic void test1(){boolean flag = true;while (true){}}}