Java-Maven-解决maven deploy时报 401 Reason Phrase Unauthorized 错误

环境

• Java JDK 1.8
• Maven 3.3.9

引言

项目需要打成jar包上传到私服，供其它项目引用。此时需要执行 mvn clean deploy 命令，执行过程中报 401 错误。

解决401错误

报错信息

执行命令：mvn clean deploy -DskipTests

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-deploy-plugin:2.8.2:deploy (default-deploy) on project xxxxx: Failed to deploy artifacts: Could not transfer artifact com.xxxxx:xxxxx:jar:spring
-1.0.10-20210812.035258-1 from/to nexus-snapshots (http://xxxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots): Failed to transfer file: http://xxxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/.../spring-1.0.
10-SNAPSHOT/xxxxx-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035258-1.jar. Return code is: 401, ReasonPhrase: Unauthorized. -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
PS D:\...\xxxxx> mvn clean deploy -DskipTests

关键错误信息

• 关键错误信息1： Failed to deploy artifacts
• 关键错误信息2： Could not transfer artifact com.＊:＊:pom:＊ from/to snapshots (http://dev-mvn.***.com/content/repositories/snapshots/)
• 关键错误信息3： Return code is: 401, ReasonPhrase: Unauthorized. -> [Help 1]
• 提取关键错误信息：Could not transfer …… from/to snapshots …… Return code is: 401, ReasonPhrase: Unauthorized.
• 很明显了，是由于权限的问题导致服务器拒绝了本次推送。

解决方案

• 检查开发环境使用的maven配置文件
  • 我用的是idea
  • maven配置位置：File/Settings; Build,Execution,Deployment/Build Tools/Maven;
  • User settings file: D:/java/maven/apache-maven-3.3.9\conf\settings.xml
• 修改settings.xml ，加入如下配置：

<!--服务器元素包含配置服务器时需要的信息 -->
<servers><server><!--这是server的id（注意不是用户登陆的id），该id与distributionManagement中repository元素的id相匹配。--><id>nexus-snapshots</id><username>deployment</username><password>123456</password></server>...
</servers>

• 再次执行 mvn clean deploy -DskipTests 命令，显示上传成功！

[INFO] --- maven-deploy-plugin:2.8.2:deploy (default-deploy) @ mytest ---
Downloading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml
Uploading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/mytest-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035231-1.jar
Uploaded: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/mytest-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035231-1.jar (127643 KB at 13522.8 KB/sec)
Uploading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/mytest-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035231-1.pom
Uploaded: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/mytest-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035231-1.pom (7 KB at 53.9 KB/sec)
Downloading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/maven-metadata.xml
Uploading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml
Uploaded: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (803 B at 8.2 KB/sec)
Uploading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/maven-metadata.xml
Uploaded: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/maven-metadata.xml (297 B at 2.5 KB/sec)
Uploading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/mytest-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035231-1-sdk.jar
Uploaded: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/mytest-spring-1.0.10-20210812.035231-1-sdk.jar (602 KB at 3039.0 KB/sec)
Uploading: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml
Uploaded: http://dev.xxx.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/com/xxxx/spring-1.0.10-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (1021 B at 8.4 KB/sec)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 37.694 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-08-22T11:56:51+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 73M/974M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

mvn package、install、deploy命令的区别

mvn package 命令：在项目的target目录下生成java包

当我们使用package来打包项目的时候，就会在我们的项目目录下生成一个target文件夹。
如果是web项目比如MVC项目就会在该文件夹下生成一个war包，放在服务器中的tomcat/webapps目录里即可运行。
如果是Java项目的话就会在该文件夹下生成一个jar包，放在服务器中指定目录下使用"java -jar jar包名"命令运行。
一般我们服务器部署服务都是使用package方式打包项目。

mvn install 命令: 将java包安装到本地maven仓

使用install方式就是将项目转换成为maven依赖存放在本地maven仓库中。
就比如我的spring boot项目执行mvn install 命令后，将把jar存在我本地maven仓库中。
比如我自己配置的maven路径是：D:\java\maven\repository… 。
一般是多个项目中，例如a项目中使用了b项目的一些方法需要添加b项目作为依赖，此时就需要将b项目使用install方式打包到本地[maven]仓库中，以此来给a项目依赖导入调用。

mvn deploy 命令：将java包发布到中央仓（注：需要在maven中配置有权限的推送账户名+密码）

deploy与install的主要区别就是install是将项目jar包放在本地仓库，而deploy是放在私服仓库。
在本地的pom文件配置好私服仓库的信息之后，执行deploy命令，可以将maven所打的jar包上传到远程的repository，便于其他开发者和工程共享。
执行maven deploy命令成功之后，登录私服进行查询，即可看到对应的jar包。

mvn 跳过测试代码

直接运行上面的命令，默认会执行单元测试代码，跳过单元测试使用如下命令：

1. mvn -DskipTests
2. mvn -Dmaven.test.skip=true

区别

• mvn clean package -DskipTests
  • 不执行测试用例，但编译测试用例类，将在target/test-classes目录生成相应的class文件。
  • 使用 mvn package -DskipTests 跳过单元测试，但是会继续编译。
• mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
  • 不执行测试用例，也不编译测试用例类；
  • 使用maven.test.skip不但跳过单元测试的运行，也跳过测试代码的编译;