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QT图形视图系统 - 使用一个项目来学习QT的图形视图框架 - 终篇

news 2025/8/3 2:53:00

QT图形视图系统 - 终篇

接上一篇，我们需要继续完成以下的效果；

先上个效果图：

在这里插入图片描述

修改背景，使之整体适配

上一篇我们绘制了标尺，并且我们修改了放大缩小和对应的背景，整体看来，我们的滚动条会和背景不搭配，因此我们需要修改我们的背景，这里使用qss修改;并且我们把之前的背景也写到这个里面。

style1.qss

QGraphicsView
{background: #000000;
}QScrollBar:horizontal {border: none;background: #000000;height: 15px;
}
QScrollBar::handle:horizontal {background: white;min-width: 20px;
}
QScrollBar::add-line:horizontal {border: none;background: #000000;width: 0px;
}QScrollBar::sub-line:horizontal {border: none;background: #000000;width: 0px;subcontrol-position: left;subcontrol-origin: margin;
}
/*QScrollBar:left-arrow:horizontal, QScrollBar::right-arrow:horizontal {*/
/*    border: 2px solid grey;*/
/*    width: 3px;*/
/*    height: 3px;*/
/*    background: white;*/
/*}*/QScrollBar::add-page:horizontal, QScrollBar::sub-page:horizontal {background: none;
}QScrollBar:vertical {border: none;background: #000000;width: 15px;border-bottom: 1px solid red;
}
QScrollBar::handle:vertical {background: white;min-height: 20px;
}
QScrollBar::add-line:vertical {border: none;background: #000000;height: 0px;subcontrol-position: bottom;subcontrol-origin: margin;
}QScrollBar::sub-line:vertical {border: none;background: #000000;height: 0px;subcontrol-position: top;subcontrol-origin: margin;
}
QScrollBar:up-arrow:vertical, QScrollBar::down-arrow:vertical {border: 2px solid grey;width: 3px;height: 3px;background: white;
}QScrollBar::add-page:vertical, QScrollBar::sub-page:vertical {background: none;
}

然后我们加载这个qss即可，将之前设置qss的地方修改成读取这个文件

QFile file(":/resources/qss/style1.qss");
file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
// 设置软件背景色
setStyleSheet(QString(file.readAll()));
file.close();

绘制对应刻度的线条

QGraphicsView有两个函数，一个是绘制背景色，一个是绘制前景色。我们的样条实际上绘制的是背景色，因此我们需要重写这两个函数；

void drawForeground(QPainter* painter, const QRectF& rect) override;
void drawBackground(QPainter* painter, const QRectF& rect) override;

去掉之前再scene中添加的文字，我们接下来开始绘制

背景没有什么好说的，直接绘制成黑色的就可以

void GraphicsView::drawBackground(QPainter *painter, const QRectF &rect)
{painter->fillRect(rect, Qt::black);// QGraphicsView::drawBackground(painter, rect);
}

接下来我们通过前景色来绘制刻度线

constexpr int32_t uScale = 100000;
constexpr double dScale = 1.0 / uScale;
static std::unordered_map<int, int> gridLinesX, gridLinesY;void GraphicsView::drawForeground(QPainter *painter, const QRectF &rect)
{// fixme 这个地方需要修改成按照单位转换的double scale =  pow(10.0, ceil(log10(8.0 / h_ruler_->zoom())));double lineWidth {0};gridLinesX.clear(), gridLinesY.clear();const QColor color[4] {{255, 0, 0, 127}, // 0处使用红色绘制QColor(100, 100, 100, 50),  // Grid1QColor(100, 100, 100, 150), // Grid5QColor(100, 100, 100, 255), // Grid10};double y, x;draw(scale * 0.1, rect, x, y);draw(scale * 0.5, rect, x, y);draw(scale * 1.0, rect, x, y);gridLinesX[0] = 0;gridLinesY[0] = 0;static QVector<QLineF> lines[4];for (auto&& vec : lines)vec.clear();double tmp {};for (auto [x, colorIndex] : gridLinesX) {tmp = x * dScale;lines[colorIndex].push_back(QLineF(tmp, rect.top(), tmp, rect.bottom()));}for (auto [y, colorIndex] : gridLinesY) {tmp = y * dScale;lines[colorIndex].push_back(QLineF(rect.left(), tmp, rect.right(), tmp));}painter->save();painter->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, false);int colorIndex {};for (auto&& vec : lines) {painter->setPen({color[colorIndex++], lineWidth});painter->drawLines(vec.data(), vec.size());}auto width { rect.width() };auto height { rect.height() };painter->setPen({Qt::yellow, 0.0});painter->drawLine(QLineF {point_.x() - width, point_.y(), point_.x() + width, point_.y()});painter->drawLine(QLineF {point_.x(), point_.y() - height, point_.x(), point_.y() + height});painter->restore();
}void GraphicsView::draw(double sc, const QRectF& rect, double &x, double &y)
{if (sc >= 1.0) {int top = floor(rect.top());int left = floor(rect.left());y = top - top % int(sc);x = left - left % int(sc);} else {const double k = 1.0 / sc;int top = floor(rect.top()) * k;int left = floor(rect.left()) * k;y = (top - top % int(k)) / k;x = (left - left % int(k)) / k;}for (const auto end_ = rect.bottom(); y < end_; y += sc)++gridLinesY[ceil(y * uScale)];for (const auto end_ = rect.right(); x < end_; x += sc)++gridLinesX[ceil(x * uScale)];
}

这样我们便有了网格线

下面的函数是对ruler和鼠标移动时候的操作

void GraphicsView::updateRuler()
{updateSceneRect(QRectF()); //QPoint p = mapFromScene(QPointF());v_ruler_->setOrigin(p.y());h_ruler_->setOrigin(p.x());v_ruler_->setRulerZoom(qAbs(transform().m22() * 0.1));h_ruler_->setRulerZoom(qAbs(transform().m11() * 0.1));update();
}void GraphicsView::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event)
{QGraphicsView::mouseMoveEvent(event);v_ruler_->setCursorPos(event->pos());h_ruler_->setCursorPos(event->pos());point_ = mapToScene(event->pos());emit sig_mouseMove(event->pos());update();
}