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Modbus-RTU协议C#实现

news 2025/7/15 16:53:16

1、安装依赖包
System.IO.Ports
2、读协议

/// <summary>/// Modbus-RTU协议读实例/// </summary>private static void Read(){//组装一个请求报文// 01 03 00 00 00 0A C5 CDbyte slave = 0x01;//byte function = 0x03;   //读单个寄存器byte function = 0x01;   //读单个线圈状态int startAddress = 0;int length = 10;List<byte> bytes = new List<byte>();bytes.Add(slave);bytes.Add(function);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(startAddress)[1]);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(startAddress)[0]);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(length)[1]);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(length)[0]);//CRC校验bytes = CRC16(bytes);//组装好了进行串口通信SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort("COM1", 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);serialPort.Open();//向从站发送请求serialPort.Write(bytes.ToArray(), 0, bytes.Count);Task.Run(async () =>{await Task.Delay(100);byte[] buffer = new byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];serialPort.DiscardInBuffer();List<byte> bufferList = new List<byte>(buffer);bufferList.RemoveAt(0);bufferList.RemoveAt(0);bufferList.RemoveAt(0);bufferList.RemoveAt(bufferList.Count - 1);bufferList.RemoveAt(bufferList.Count - 1);//读寄存器//for(int i = 0; i < bufferList.Count; i++)//{//    List<byte> valueList = new List<byte>();//    valueList.Add(bufferList[i]);//    valueList.Add(bufferList[++i]);//    valueList.Reverse();//    ushort value=BitConverter.ToUInt16(valueList.ToArray(), 0);//    Console.WriteLine(value);//}//读线圈 09 00bufferList.Reverse();var values = string.Join("", bufferList.Select(x => Convert.ToString(x, 2).PadLeft(8, '0')).ToList()).ToList();values.Reverse();for (int i = 0; i < values.Count; i++){Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBoolean(int.Parse(values[i].ToString())));}});}

3、写协议

/// <summary>/// Modbus-RTU协议写实例/// </summary>private static void Write(){//组装报文byte slave = 0x01;//byte function = 0x05;   //写单个线圈状态byte function = 0x06;   //写单个寄存器int startAddress = 0;bool value = false;int iv = 123;List<byte> bytes = new List<byte>();bytes.Add(slave);bytes.Add(function);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(startAddress)[1]);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(startAddress)[0]);//单线圈的写入//bytes.Add(value ? (byte)0xFF : (byte)0x00);//bytes.Add(0x00);//单寄存器写入bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(iv)[1]);bytes.Add(BitConverter.GetBytes(iv)[0]);//CRC校验bytes = CRC16(bytes);SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort("COM1", 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);serialPort.Open();//向从站发送请求serialPort.Write(bytes.ToArray(), 0, bytes.Count);//接收后如果报文一致，说明发送请求成功}

4、CRC16校验

/// <summary>/// CRC-16校验/// </summary>/// <param name="value"></param>/// <param name="poly"></param>/// <param name="crcInit"></param>/// <returns></returns>/// <exception cref="ArgumentException"></exception>private static List<byte> CRC16(List<byte> value,ushort poly=0xA001,ushort crcInit=0xFFFF){if (value == null || !value.Any())throw new ArgumentException("");//运算ushort crc = crcInit;for(int i=0; i<value.Count; i++){crc = (ushort)(crc ^ value[i]);for(int j=0; j<8; j++){crc=(crc&1)!=0?(ushort)((crc>>1)^poly):(ushort)(crc>>1);}}byte hi = (byte)((crc & 0xFF00) >> 8);byte lo=(byte)(crc & 0xFF);List<byte> buffer = new List<byte>();buffer.AddRange(value);buffer.Add(lo);buffer.Add(hi);return buffer;}