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【云原生系列】openstack搭建过程及使用

news 2025/8/10 3:12:26

搭建步骤

准备工作

正式部署OpenStack

安装的过程

安装组件如下

登录页面

进入首页

创建实例步骤

上传镜像

配置网络

服务器配置

dashboard配置

密钥配置免密登录

创建实例

绑定浮动ip

免密登录实例

搭建步骤

准备工作

1.关闭防火墙和网关

systemctl disable NetworkManagersystemctl disable firewalldsystemctl stop NetworkManagersystemctl stop firewalld

2.更换yum源


bash <(curl -sSL https://gitee.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors/raw/main/ChangeMirrors.sh)

选择中科大镜像源。
注意不要安装EPEL扩展源因为会导致稍后安装packstack失败，建议只更换基础源不要更换OpenStack相关的源避免后续在获取某些软件包时超时失败。
使用HTTP协议
更新软件包
清空已下载软件包缓存

最好就是选择“更新软件包”完成之后再执行一次

yum makecache

3.安装openstack-train源

yum install centos-release-openstack-train

4.安装packstack

yum install openstack-packstack

5.修改主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname packstackexec bash

6.修改/etc/selinux/config禁用selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config

修改标红处

7.临时关闭selinux

setenforce 0

8.重启及创建快照

reboot

正式部署OpenStack

packstack --allinone

安装的过程

Clean Up [ DONE ]Discovering ip protocol version [ DONE ]Setting up ssh keys [ DONE ]Preparing servers [ DONE ]Pre installing Puppet and discovering hosts' details [ DONE ]Preparing pre-install entries [ DONE ]Setting up CACERT [ DONE ]Preparing AMQP entries [ DONE ]Preparing MariaDB entries [ DONE ]Fixing Keystone LDAP config parameters to be undef if empty[ DONE ]Preparing Keystone entries [ DONE ]Preparing Glance entries [ DONE ]  Shared Services共享服务Checking if the Cinder server has a cinder-volumes vg[ DONE ]Storage 存储Preparing Cinder entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova API entries [ DONE ]Creating ssh keys for Nova migration [ DONE ]Gathering ssh host keys for Nova migration [ DONE ]Preparing Nova Compute entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova Scheduler entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova VNC Proxy entries [ DONE ]Preparing OpenStack Network-related Nova entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova Common entries [ DONE ]Compute计算Preparing Neutron LBaaS Agent entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron API entries [ DONE ]Networking网络Preparing Neutron L3 entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron L2 Agent entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron DHCP Agent entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron Metering Agent entries [ DONE ]Checking if NetworkManager is enabled and running [ DONE ]Preparing OpenStack Client entries [ DONE ]Preparing Horizon entries [ DONE ]Web frontends 网路的前端Preparing Swift builder entries [ DONE ]Preparing Swift proxy entries [ DONE ]Preparing Swift storage entries [ DONE ] Storage存储Preparing Gnocchi entries [ DONE ]Preparing MongoDB entries [ DONE ]Preparing Redis entries [ DONE ]Preparing Ceilometer entries [ DONE ]Preparing Aodh entries [ DONE ]Preparing Puppet manifests [ DONE ]Copying Puppet modules and manifests [ DONE ]Applying 192.168.0.120_controller.pp192.168.0.120_controller.pp: [ DONE ]Applying 192.168.0.120_network.pp192.168.0.120_network.pp: [ DONE ] 网络Applying 192.168.0.120_compute.pp  计算192.168.0.120_compute.pp: [ DONE ]Applying Puppet manifests [ DONE ]Finalizing [ DONE ]

如下图所示表示安装成功

安装组件如下

登录页面

访问openstack服务所部署的ip地址，自动跳转到登录页

用户名有两个，admin和demo

初始密码在安装目录下

cat keystonerc_admin

进入首页

创建实例步骤

上传镜像

选用CentOS7的这个镜像，你可以使用admin账号上传镜像并将“可见性”设置成“公有”

镜像下载地址：

# centos7
http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/

# ubuntu
http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/focal/20220213/

# windows
https://cloudbase.it/windows-cloud-images/#download

等待的时间可能较长，成功后如下

配置网络

服务器配置

网络的配置部分，我们需要修改网卡的配置还有桥接网桥的配置实现OpenStack实例访问外网

我的网卡是ens33，有的可能是ens192，与自己的保持一致即可

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33#ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=OVSPort
BOOTPROTO=none
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
DEVICETYPE=ovs
OVS_BRIDGE=br-ex

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br-exTYPE=OVSBridge
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=no
NAME=br-ex
DEVICE=br-ex
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.25.24  #本机地址
GATEWAY=192.168.25.254  #服务器的网关，使用vmware的话在网络配置器可以看到
PREFIX=24
DNS1=8.8.8.8
DEVICETYPE=ovs

配置后重启网络