内核链表在用户程序中的移植和使用
基础知识
struct list_head {struct list_head *next, *prev;
};初始化：
#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) { (name)->next = (name); (name)->prev = (name);}相比于下面这样初始化，前面初始化的好处是，处理链表的时候，不用判空了。太厉害了。
#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) { (name)->next = (NULL); (name)->prev = (NULL);}遍历链表：
/*** list_for_each - iterate over a list* @pos: the &struct list_head to use as a loop cursor.* @head: the head for your list.*/
#define list_for_each(pos, head) \for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next)添加节点：（表头开始添加）
/** Insert a new entry between two known consecutive entries.** This is only for internal list manipulation where we know* the prev/next entries already!*/
static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new,struct list_head *prev,struct list_head *next)
{next->prev = new;new->next = next;new->prev = prev;prev->next = new;
}/*** list_add - add a new entry* @new: new entry to be added* @head: list head to add it after** Insert a new entry after the specified head.* This is good for implementing stacks.*/
static inline void list_add(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{__list_add(new, head, head->next);
}添加节点：（表尾开始添加）
/** Insert a new entry between two known consecutive entries.** This is only for internal list manipulation where we know* the prev/next entries already!*/
static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new,struct list_head *prev,struct list_head *next)
{next->prev = new;new->next = next;new->prev = prev;prev->next = new;
}
/*** list_add_tail - add a new entry* @new: new entry to be added* @head: list head to add it before** Insert a new entry before the specified head.* This is useful for implementing queues.*/
static inline void list_add_tail(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{__list_add(new, head->prev, head);
}删除节点
/** Delete a list entry by making the prev/next entries* point to each other.** This is only for internal list manipulation where we know* the prev/next entries already!*/
static inline void __list_del(struct list_head * prev, struct list_head * next)
{next->prev = prev;prev->next = next;
}static inline void list_del(struct list_head *entry)
{__list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);LIST_HEAD_INIT(entry);
}判空：
/*** list_empty - tests whether a list is empty* @head: the list to test.*/
static int list_empty(const struct list_head *head)
{return (head->next) == head;
}基本功能就这些了
测试代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>#define _DEBUG_INFO
#ifdef _DEBUG_INFO#define DEBUG_INFO(format,...) \printf("%s:%d -- "format"\n",\__func__,__LINE__,##__VA_ARGS__)
#else#define DEBUG_INFO(format,...)
#endifstruct list_head {struct list_head *next, *prev;
};struct rcu_private_data{struct list_head list;
};struct my_list_node{struct list_head node;int number;
};/*** list_for_each - iterate over a list* @pos: the &struct list_head to use as a loop cursor.* @head: the head for your list.*/
#define list_for_each(pos, head) \for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next)#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) { (name)->next = (name); (name)->prev = (name);}#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t)&((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)
#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr); \((type *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member))); })/*** list_empty - tests whether a list is empty* @head: the list to test.*/
static int list_empty(const struct list_head *head)
{return (head->next) == head;
}/** Insert a new entry between two known consecutive entries.** This is only for internal list manipulation where we know* the prev/next entries already!*/
static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new,struct list_head *prev,struct list_head *next)
{next->prev = new;new->next = next;new->prev = prev;prev->next = new;
}/*** list_add - add a new entry* @new: new entry to be added* @head: list head to add it after** Insert a new entry after the specified head.* This is good for implementing stacks.*/
static inline void list_add(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{__list_add(new, head, head->next);
}/*** list_add_tail - add a new entry* @new: new entry to be added* @head: list head to add it before** Insert a new entry before the specified head.* This is useful for implementing queues.*/
static inline void list_add_tail(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{__list_add(new, head->prev, head);
}/** Delete a list entry by making the prev/next entries* point to each other.** This is only for internal list manipulation where we know* the prev/next entries already!*/
static inline void __list_del(struct list_head * prev, struct list_head * next)
{next->prev = prev;prev->next = next;
}static inline void list_del(struct list_head *entry)
{__list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);LIST_HEAD_INIT(entry);
}static int list_size(struct rcu_private_data *p){struct list_head *pos;struct list_head *head = &p->list;int count = 0;if(list_empty(&p->list)){DEBUG_INFO("list is empty");return 0;}list_for_each(pos,head){count++;}return count;
}static int show_list_nodes(struct rcu_private_data *p){struct list_head *pos;struct list_head *head = &p->list;int count = 0;struct my_list_node *pnode;if(list_empty(&p->list)){DEBUG_INFO("list is empty");return 0;}list_for_each(pos,head){pnode = (struct my_list_node*)container_of(pos,struct my_list_node,node);DEBUG_INFO("pnode->number = %d",pnode->number);count++;}return count;
}int main(int argc, char **argv){int i = 0;static struct my_list_node * new[6];struct rcu_private_data *p = (struct rcu_private_data*)malloc(sizeof(struct rcu_private_data));LIST_HEAD_INIT(&p->list);DEBUG_INFO("list_empty(&p->list) = %d",list_empty(&p->list));for(i = 0;i < 3;i++){new[i] = (struct my_list_node*)malloc(sizeof(struct my_list_node));LIST_HEAD_INIT(&new[i]->node);new[i]->number = i;list_add(&new[i]->node,&p->list);}for(i = 3;i < 6;i++){new[i] = (struct my_list_node*)malloc(sizeof(struct my_list_node));LIST_HEAD_INIT(&new[i]->node);new[i]->number = i;list_add_tail(&new[i]->node,&p->list);}//输出链表节点数DEBUG_INFO("list_size(&p->list) = %d",list_size(p));//遍历链表show_list_nodes(p);//删除指定节点list_del(&new[3]->node);DEBUG_INFO("list_size(&p->list) = %d",list_size(p));//遍历链表show_list_nodes(p);for(i = 0;i < 6;i++){list_del(&new[i]->node);}DEBUG_INFO("list_size(&p->list) = %d",list_size(p));//遍历链表show_list_nodes(p);for(i = 0;i < 6;i++){free(new[i]);}free(p);return 0;
}
编译
gcc -o app app.c执行结果：
