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【pytho】request五种种请求处理为空和非空处理以及上传excel，上传图片处理

news 2025/8/14 5:20:07

一、python中请求处理

request.args获取的是个字典，所以可以通过get方式获取请求参数和值

request.form获取的也是个字典，所以也可以通过get方式获取请求的form参数和值

request.data，使用过JavaScript，api调用方式进行掺入json字符串，由于传入的是字符串，所有需要通过json.loads(request.data)进行加载成字典

request.json，获取的是个字典，所以特可以通过get方式获取

request.headers也是字典

request.cookies也是字典

from flask import Flask, request, Response
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
import os
import json
import xlrdapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route('/')
def hello_world():return 'Hello World!'@app.route('/test_1.0', methods=['GET'])
def check():# 默认返回内容return_dict = {'return_code': '200', 'return_info': '处理成功', 'result': False}# 判断入参为空# if len(request.args) == 0:if not len(request.args):return_dict['return_code'] = '5004'return_dict['return_info'] = '请求参数为空'return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)# 获取传入的params参数get_data = request.args.to_dict()name = get_data.get('name')age = get_data.get('age')return_dict['result'] = tt(name, age)return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)@app.route('/test_1.1', methods=['POST'])
def check1():# 默认返回内容return_dict = {'return_code': '200', 'return_info': '处理成功', 'result': False}# 判断入参为空if not request.get_data():return_dict['return_code'] = '5004'return_dict['return_info'] = '请求参数为空'return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)# 获取传入的参数get_data = request.get_data()get_data = json.loads(get_data)name = get_data.get('name')age = get_data.get('age')return_dict['result'] = tt(name, age)return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)@app.route('/test_1.2', methods=['POST'])
def check2():# 默认返回内容return_dict = {'return_code': '200', 'return_info': '处理成功', 'result': False}# 判断入参为空if not request.form:return_dict['return_code'] = '5004'return_dict['return_info'] = '请求参数为空'return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)# 获取传入的参数get_data = request.formname = get_data.get('name')age = get_data.get('age')return_dict['result'] = tt(name, age)return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)@app.route('/test_1.3', methods=['POST'])
def check3():# 默认返回内容return_dict = {'return_code': '200', 'return_info': '处理成功', 'result': False}# 判断入参为空if not request.get_json():return_dict['return_code'] = '5004'return_dict['return_info'] = '请求参数为空'return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)# 获取传入的参数get_data = request.jsonname = get_data.get('name')age = get_data.get('age')return_dict['result'] = tt(name, age)return json.dumps(return_dict, ensure_ascii=False)def tt(name, age):result_str = "%s今年%s岁" % (name, age)return result_str# 上传表格
@app.route("/excel_info", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def excel_info():if request.method == "POST":# 获取参数用request.form, 获取文件用request.filesfile = request.files.get('file')if not file:return {"code": '401', "message": "缺少参数"}# 读取表格内容workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(file_contents=file.read())# 获取第一个sheetsheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)# 获取总行数row = sheet.nrows# 从表格中选取字段titles = ['name', 'age', 'address']json_list = []# 遍历每一行内容for i in range(row):if i == 0:continuerow_value = sheet.row_values(i)# 构造字典obj = dict()json_list.append(obj)for title, col_val in zip(titles, row_value):obj.setdefault(title, col_val)return {"code": '200', "message": json_list}else:return {"code": '403', "message": "仅支持post方法"}# 设置图片保存文件夹
app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'static', 'images')# app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = './static/images'# 设置允许上传的文件格式
ALLOW_EXTENSIONS = ['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg']# 判断文件的后缀是否在列表中
def allow_file(filename):return '.' in filename and filename.rsplit('.', 1)[-1] in ALLOW_EXTENSIONS# 上传图片
@app.route("/upload_image", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def uploads():if request.method == 'POST':# 获取post过来的文件名称，从name=file参数中获取file = request.files.get('file')# 检查文件格式if file and allow_file(file.filename):# secure_filename方法会去掉中文名中的中文file_name = secure_filename(file.filename)# 保存图片file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], file_name))return {"code": "200", "data": "", "message": "上传成功"}else:return "格式错误，仅支持jpg,png,jpeg格式文件"return {"code": '503', "data": "", "message": "仅支持post方法"}# 查看图片
@app.route('/images/<imageId>')
def get_frame(imageId):with open(r'./static/images/{}'.format(imageId), 'rb') as f:image = f.read()result = Response(image, mimetype="image/jpg")return resultif __name__ == '__main__':app.run()

请求示意图：