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前端查询条件加密传输方案（SM2加解密）

news 2025/7/5 5:53:56

一、需求背景

控台项目甲方进行安全测试，测试报告其中一条：敏感信息明文传输

敏感信息明文传输

中危

查询接口传输手机号、银行卡号等敏感信息时未加密/脱敏处理。

二、解决方案

讨论出的方案是通过前端查询条件加密，后端对加密的数据解密的方式，加解密使用SM2国密方案。具体方案：

1.每次登录进控台时生成SM2公私钥对，其中私钥放进登录的session user信息中，公钥返回给前端；

2.前端拿到公钥放入cookie，前端查询条件使用cookie SM2公钥加密放入临时字段，传输时将临时字段数据赋值给需要加密的字段，将加密后的数据发送post；（如果是对整个查询条件加密则更简单）；

原传输参数：&regCapital=112&acct=6222081202000000206

原传输参数：&regCapital=112&acct=564a761bc0d8c260d84abf25fa516eb09f04cb49bfb557943060c0879a4159736a70f4b2463fc65941bd1f29731f35570467e98ec916d091ad651de7afeb1ac8ff1ac05a9bc6df12bbd447fa1dec75a517c611a8557fe7a8e378055cff3f3d4f299b69e621ebd1260cfd331167d45f03

3.后端接收到加密后的数据，使用session中私钥进行解密。

三、代码实现

1.Sm2Utils.java文件，包含生成公私钥对，后端对前端加密数据解密的方法。

package com.xxx.xxx.util;import org.bouncycastle.asn1.gm.GMNamedCurves;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x9.X9ECParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.AsymmetricCipherKeyPair;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines.SM2Engine;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.generators.ECKeyPairGenerator;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECDomainParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECKeyGenerationParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPrivateKeyParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPublicKeyParameters;
import org.bouncycastle.math.ec.ECPoint;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;/*** @ClassName Sm2Utils* @Description 生成SM2公私钥对* @Author whb* @Date 2024/10/9 15:53* @Version 1.0**/
public class Sm2Utils {private static final X9ECParameters SM2_EC_PARAMS = GMNamedCurves.getByName("sm2p256v1");private static final ECDomainParameters DOMAIN_PARAMS = new ECDomainParameters(SM2_EC_PARAMS.getCurve(),SM2_EC_PARAMS.getG(),SM2_EC_PARAMS.getN(),SM2_EC_PARAMS.getH());/*** 生成SM2密钥对* @return String[0]=公钥(04开头未压缩格式), String[1]=私钥(64字符16进制)*/public static String[] generateKeyPair() {try {// 1. 初始化密钥生成器ECKeyPairGenerator generator = new ECKeyPairGenerator();ECKeyGenerationParameters keyGenParams = new ECKeyGenerationParameters(DOMAIN_PARAMS, new SecureRandom());generator.init(keyGenParams);// 2. 生成密钥对AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair = generator.generateKeyPair();// 3. 获取私钥(去掉前面的00)ECPrivateKeyParameters privateKeyParams = (ECPrivateKeyParameters) keyPair.getPrivate();String privateKey = leftPad(privateKeyParams.getD().toString(16), 64, '0');// 4. 获取公钥(04开头未压缩格式)ECPublicKeyParameters publicKeyParams = (ECPublicKeyParameters) keyPair.getPublic();ECPoint publicKeyPoint = publicKeyParams.getQ();String publicKey = "04" +leftPad(publicKeyPoint.getAffineXCoord().toBigInteger().toString(16), 64, '0') +leftPad(publicKeyPoint.getAffineYCoord().toBigInteger().toString(16), 64, '0');return new String[]{publicKey, privateKey};} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("生成SM2密钥对失败", e);}}private static String leftPad(String input, int size, char padChar) {if (input.length() >= size) {return input;}StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(size);for (int i = input.length(); i < size; i++) {sb.append(padChar);}sb.append(input);return sb.toString();}/*** SM2解密* @param privateKeyHex 16进制私钥(64字符)* @param cipherDataHex 加密数据(16进制字符串)* @return 解密后的原文*/public static String decrypt(String privateKeyHex, String cipherDataHex) {try {// 1. 验证私钥格式if (privateKeyHex == null || privateKeyHex.length() != 64) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("私钥必须是64字符的16进制字符串");}// 2. 验证加密数据格式if (cipherDataHex == null || cipherDataHex.length() < 194) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("加密数据格式不正确，长度不足");}// 3. 准备私钥参数BigInteger privateKeyD = new BigInteger(privateKeyHex, 16);ECPrivateKeyParameters privateKeyParams = new ECPrivateKeyParameters(privateKeyD, DOMAIN_PARAMS);// 4. 初始化SM2解密引擎(使用C1C3C2模式与前端一致)SM2Engine engine = new SM2Engine(SM2Engine.Mode.C1C3C2);engine.init(false, privateKeyParams);// 5. 解码加密数据byte[] cipherData = Hex.decode(cipherDataHex);// 6. 验证数据头if (cipherData[0] != 0x04) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("加密数据必须以04开头");}// 7. 解密数据byte[] decrypted = engine.processBlock(cipherData, 0, cipherData.length);return new String(decrypted, "UTF-8");} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("SM2解密失败: " + e.getMessage(), e);}}/*** 生成SM2密钥对* @return 包含私钥(64字符)和公钥(130字符04开头)的数组*/public static Map<String, String> genSm2KeyPair() {try {Map<String, String> keyMap = new HashMap<>(2);String[] keys =  generateKeyPair();keyMap.put("sm2PriKey", keys[1]);keyMap.put("sm2PubKey", keys[0]);return keyMap;} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("生成SM2密钥对失败", e);}}/*** SM2解密* @param cipherDataHex 前端加密后的16进制字符串* @param privateKeyHex 16进制格式的私钥(64字符)* @return 解密后的原始字符串*/public static String queryDataSm2Decrypt(String cipherDataHex, String privateKeyHex) {return decrypt(privateKeyHex, "04"+cipherDataHex);}
}

2.login.java执行公私钥对

SessionUser suer = new SessionUser(userInfo, custInfo, roleIdArray, roleName, roleRank);Map<String, String> sm2KeyMaps = Sm2Utils.genSm2KeyPair();suer.setSm2PriKey(sm2KeyMaps.get("sm2PriKey"));
SessionUser.pushUser(suer, request);.........//页面使用SM2公钥加签sm2PubKey
mav.addObject("sm2PubKey", sm2KeyMaps.get("sm2PubKey"));

3.前端页面对数据加密

登录后js对公钥存放到cookie中

jQuery.cookie("login_sm2pubkey","${sm2PubKey}");

页面使用，先引用sm2.js，下载sm-crypto/dist at master · JuneAndGreen/sm-crypto · GitHub

<script type="text/javascript" src="${rc.contextPath}/js/sm-crypto/sm2.js${refreshDate}"></script>......<td scope="row"><input name="certNo" class="form-control" style="height:30px;width:300px;"/></td><td style="display:none"><input name="certNoSm2" class="form-control"/></td>......
//先对数据加密
encryptData("userInfoQueryForm");
//post发送
post......function encryptWithSM2(param,sm2PubKey) {// 执行SM2加密const cipherMode = 1; // 1 - C1C3C2 模式const encryptData = sm2.doEncrypt(param, sm2PubKey, cipherMode);return encryptData;}function encryptData(formid) {var sm2PubKey = jQuery.cookie("login_sm2pubkey");var formData=document.getElementById(formid);if (!formData.certNo.value == "") {formData.certNoSm2.value = encryptWithSM2(formData.certNo.value,sm2PubKey)}}

4.后端解密

String sm2HexD = SessionUser.getUser(request).getSm2PriKey();String certNo = queryForm.getCertNo();if (com.changingpay.commons.util.StringUtils.isNotEmpty(sm2HexD)) {certNo = Sm2Utils.queryDataSm2Decrypt(queryForm.getCertNo(),sm2HexD);}