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day2 - SpringBoot框架开发技术

news 2025/9/14 6:35:26

主要内容
1. SpringBoot简介
2. 构建springboot工程
3. springboot接口返回json
4. springboot热部署
5. springboot资源属性配置
6. springboot整合模板引擎
7. springboot异常处理
8. springboot整合MyBatis
9. springboot整合redis
10. springboot整合定时任务
11. springboot整合异步任务以及使用场景
12. springboot中如何使用拦截器

1. SpringBoot简介

SpringBoot特点

基于spring，使开发者快速入门，门槛较低
Springboot可以创建独立运行的应用而不依赖于容器
不需要打包成war包，可以放入tomcat直接运行
提供maven极简配置，缺点是会引入很多你不需要的包
根据项目来依赖，从而配置spring，需要什么配什么
提供可视化的相关功能，方便监控，比如性能，应用的健康程度等
简化配置，不用再看过多的xml
为微服务SpringCloud铺路， SpringBoot可以整合很多各式各样的框架来构建微服务，比如dubbo， thrift等等

2. 构建springboot工程

Reference: https://blog.csdn.net/typa01_kk/article/details/76696618

3. springboot接口返回json

SpringBoot构造并返回一个json对象

package com.firsttry.helloworld.controller;import com.firsttry.helloworld.pojo.IMoocJSONResult;
import com.firsttry.helloworld.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.Date;//@Controller
@RestController //@RestController = @Controller + @ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {@RequestMapping("/getUser")/*表示将返回的数据封装成json字符串*///@ResponseBodypublic User getUser(){User u = new User();u.setName("Alisa");u.setAge(21);u.setBirthday(new Date());u.setPassword("111111111");u.setDesc("hello I hope I can be much happier, hahahah");return u;}@RequestMapping("/getUserJson")/*表示将返回的数据封装成json字符串*///@ResponseBodypublic IMoocJSONResult getUserJson(){User u = new User();u.setName("Alisa");u.setAge(21);u.setBirthday(new Date());u.setPassword("111111");u.setDesc("emmmmmm11122222");return IMoocJSONResult.ok(u);}
}

Jackson的基本演绎法

package com.firsttry.helloworld.pojo;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;import java.util.Date;public class User {private String name;@JsonIgnoreprivate String password;private Integer age;@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss a", locale = "Aus", timezone = "GMT+10")private Date birthday;@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)private String desc;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public Integer getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public String getDesc() {return desc;}public void setDesc(String desc) {this.desc = desc;}
}

4. springboot热部署

SpringBoot使用devtools进行热部署，不需要重启服务器就可以部署文件

Reference: https://www.jianshu.com/p/0e3efd50e3e3

5. springboot资源属性配置

6. springboot整合模板引擎

1. springBoot整合freemarker

pom.xml

 <!--引入freemarker模板依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId></dependency>

application.properties

########
#
# freemarker 静态资源配置
#
########
# 设定ftl文件路径
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath:/templates
# 关闭缓存，即时刷新，上线生产环境需改为true
spring.freemarker.cache=false
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.check-template-location=true
spring.freemarker.content-type=text/html
spring.freemarker.expose-request-attributes=true
spring.freemarker.expose-session-attributes=true
spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute=request
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl

freemarkerController

package com.firsttry.helloworld.controller;import com.firsttry.helloworld.pojo.Resource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controller
@RequestMapping("ftl")
public class FreemarkerController {@Autowiredprivate Resource resource;@RequestMapping("/index")public String index(ModelMap map){map.addAttribute("resource", resource);return "freemarker/index";}@RequestMapping("center")public String center(){return "freemarker/center/center";}}

2. springBoot整合thymeleaf

pom.xml

        <!--引入thymeleaf模板依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency>

application.properties

########
#
# thymeleaf 静态资源配置
#
########
spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
spring.thymeleaf.servlet.content-type=text/html
# 关闭缓存，即时刷新，上线生产环境需要改为true
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

ThymeleafController

package com.firsttry.helloworld.controller;import com.firsttry.helloworld.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;@Controller
@RequestMapping("th")
public class ThymeleafController {@RequestMapping("/index")public String index(ModelMap map){map.addAttribute("name", "thymeleaf-imooc");return "thymeleaf/index";}@RequestMapping("center")public String center() {return "thymeleaf/center/center";}@RequestMapping("test")public String test(ModelMap map) {User u = new User();u.setName("manager");u.setAge(10);u.setPassword("123465");u.setBirthday(new Date());u.setDesc("<font color='green'><b>hello imooc</b></font>");map.addAttribute("user", u);User u1 = new User();u1.setAge(19);u1.setName("imooc");u1.setPassword("123456");u1.setBirthday(new Date());User u2 = new User();u2.setAge(17);u2.setName("superadmin");u2.setPassword("123456");u2.setBirthday(new Date());List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();userList.add(u);userList.add(u1);userList.add(u2);map.addAttribute("userList", userList);return "thymeleaf/test";}@PostMapping("postform")public String postform(User u) {System.out.println("姓名：" + u.getName());System.out.println("年龄：" + u.getAge());return "redirect:/th/test";}
}

thymeleaf常用标签的使用方法