Vue使用Three.js加载glb (gltf) 文件模型及实现简单的选中高亮、测距、测面积
安装：
# three.jsnpm install --save three附中文网：
5. gltf不同文件形式(.glb) | Three.js中文网
附官网：
安装 – three.js docs
完整代码（简易demo）：
<template><div class="siteInspection" ref="threeContainer"><div class="measurement-buttons"><button @click="startDistanceMeasurement">测距</button><button @click="startAreaMeasurement">测面积</button></div></div>
</template><script lang="ts" setup>
import { ref, onMounted, onUnmounted } from "vue";
import * as THREE from "three";
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/addons/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";const lzModel = ref("/lz.glb"); // 此处为你的 模型文件 .glb或 .gltf
const threeContainer = ref(null);// 创建场景、相机和渲染器
let scene: THREE.Scene;
let camera: THREE.PerspectiveCamera;
let renderer: THREE.WebGLRenderer;
let model: THREE.Group | null = null;
let controls: OrbitControls;
let raycaster: THREE.Raycaster;
let mouse: THREE.Vector2;
let selectedObject: THREE.Mesh | null = null; // 用于跟踪当前选中的对象
let line: THREE.Line | null = null; // 用于存储高亮线
let label: THREE.Sprite | null = null; // 用于存储标签// 测量相关变量
let isDistanceMeasuring = false;
let isAreaMeasuring = false;
let distancePoints: THREE.Vector3[] = [];
let areaPoints: THREE.Vector3[] = [];
let distanceLine: THREE.Line | null = null;
let areaLines: THREE.Line[] = [];
let distanceLabel: THREE.Sprite | null = null;
let areaLabel: THREE.Sprite | null = null;
let distanceDots: THREE.Mesh[] = [];
let areaDots: THREE.Mesh[] = [];// 初始化
function initThree() {scene = new THREE.Scene();scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xffffff); // 设置背景颜色为亮色camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75,window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,0.1,1000);renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);threeContainer.value.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 添加光源const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x404040); // 环境光scene.add(ambientLight);const directionalLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.5);directionalLight.position.set(1, 1, 1).normalize();scene.add(directionalLight);// 设置相机位置camera.position.z = 5;camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 创建GLTF加载器对象const loader = new GLTFLoader();loader.load(lzModel.value, function (gltf: any) {model = gltf.scene;scene.add(model);});// 初始化OrbitControlscontrols = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);controls.enableDamping = true; // 启用阻尼效果controls.dampingFactor = 0.25; // 阻尼系数controls.enableZoom = true; // 启用缩放controls.enablePan = true; // 启用平移// 初始化Raycaster和Vector2raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();mouse = new THREE.Vector2();// 渲染循环function animate() {requestAnimationFrame(animate);controls.update(); // 更新OrbitControlsrenderer.render(scene, camera);}animate();// 清理事件监听器onUnmounted(() => {controls?.dispose();threeContainer.value?.removeEventListener("mousedown", onDocumentMouseDown);if (line) {scene.remove(line);}if (label) {scene.remove(label);}if (distanceLine) {scene.remove(distanceLine);}areaLines.forEach((areaLine) => {scene.remove(areaLine);});if (distanceLabel) {scene.remove(distanceLabel);}if (areaLabel) {scene.remove(areaLabel);}distanceDots.forEach((dot) => {scene.remove(dot);});areaDots.forEach((dot) => {scene.remove(dot);});});// 添加鼠标点击事件监听threeContainer.value.addEventListener("mousedown", onDocumentMouseDown);
}function onDocumentMouseDown(event: MouseEvent) {// 将鼠标位置归一化到-1到1之间mouse.x = (event.clientX / window.innerWidth) * 2 - 1;mouse.y = -(event.clientY / window.innerHeight) * 2 + 1;// 更新射线投射器raycaster.setFromCamera(mouse, camera);// 计算交点const intersects = raycaster.intersectObjects(model ? model.children : [],true);if (intersects.length > 0) {const intersect = intersects[0];const point = intersect.point;if (isDistanceMeasuring) {if (event.button === 0) {// 左键点击distancePoints.push(point);addDot(point, distanceDots);if (distancePoints.length === 2) {calculateDistance();}} else if (event.button === 2) {// 右键点击cancelDistanceMeasurement();}} else if (isAreaMeasuring) {if (event.button === 0) {// 左键点击areaPoints.push(point);addDot(point, areaDots);if (areaPoints.length >= 3) {updateAreaLines();// calculateArea();}} else if (event.button === 2) {// 右键点击if (areaPoints.length >= 3) {calculateArea();} else {cancelAreaMeasurement();}}} else {// 原有的点击选中功能if (selectedObject) {(selectedObject.material as THREE.MeshStandardMaterial).emissive.set(0x000000); // 恢复 emissive 颜色为黑色if (line) {scene.remove(line);line = null;}if (label) {scene.remove(label);label = null;}}if (intersect.object instanceof THREE.Mesh) {(intersect.object.material as THREE.MeshStandardMaterial).emissive.set(0x16d46b); // 设置 emissive 颜色为绿色selectedObject = intersect.object; // 更新选中的对象// 创建线段const startPoint = intersect.point;const endPoint = startPoint.clone().add(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0.5)); // 延伸到外部const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry().setFromPoints([startPoint,endPoint,]);const material = new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({color: 0x16d46b,});line = new THREE.Line(geometry, material);scene.add(line);// 创建标签const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");const context = canvas.getContext("2d");if (context) {const textWidth = context.measureText(intersect.object.name).width;canvas.width = textWidth + 20;canvas.height = 50;context.font = "16px";// context.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)";context.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);context.fillStyle = "#0179d4";context.textAlign = "center";context.fillText(intersect.object.name, canvas.width / 2, 30);const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);texture.needsUpdate = true; // 确保纹理更新const spriteMaterial = new THREE.SpriteMaterial({ map: texture });label = new THREE.Sprite(spriteMaterial);label.position.copy(endPoint);label.scale.set(0.1, 0.1, 1); // 调整标签大小scene.add(label);}}}} else {// 如果没有点击到任何对象，恢复当前选中的对象的颜色并移除线和标签if (selectedObject) {(selectedObject.material as THREE.MeshStandardMaterial).emissive.set(0x000000); // 恢复 emissive 颜色为黑色selectedObject = null; // 清除选中的对象if (line) {scene.remove(line);line = null;}if (label) {scene.remove(label);label = null;}}}
}function startDistanceMeasurement() {isDistanceMeasuring = true;isAreaMeasuring = false;distancePoints = [];distanceDots.forEach((dot) => {scene.remove(dot);});distanceDots = [];if (distanceLine) {scene.remove(distanceLine);distanceLine = null;}if (distanceLabel) {scene.remove(distanceLabel);distanceLabel = null;}
}function startAreaMeasurement() {isAreaMeasuring = true;isDistanceMeasuring = false;areaPoints = [];areaDots.forEach((dot) => {scene.remove(dot);});areaDots = [];areaLines.forEach((areaLine) => {scene.remove(areaLine);});areaLines = [];if (areaLabel) {scene.remove(areaLabel);areaLabel = null;}
}function calculateDistance() {const startPoint = distancePoints[0];const endPoint = distancePoints[1];const distance = startPoint.distanceTo(endPoint);// 创建线段const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry().setFromPoints([startPoint,endPoint,]);const material = new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({color: 0x00ff00,});distanceLine = new THREE.Line(geometry, material);scene.add(distanceLine);// 创建标签const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");const context = canvas.getContext("2d");if (context) {const text = `距离: ${distance.toFixed(2)}`;const textWidth = context.measureText(text).width;canvas.width = textWidth + 25;canvas.height = 35;context.font = "12px Arial";context.fillStyle = "#ffffff";context.textAlign = "center";context.fillText(text, canvas.width / 2, 15);const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);texture.needsUpdate = true; // 确保纹理更新const spriteMaterial = new THREE.SpriteMaterial({ map: texture });distanceLabel = new THREE.Sprite(spriteMaterial);const midPoint = startPoint.clone().add(endPoint).divideScalar(2);distanceLabel.position.copy(midPoint);distanceLabel.scale.set(0.1, 0.1, 1); // 调整标签大小scene.add(distanceLabel);}isDistanceMeasuring = false;
}function calculateArea() {let area = 0;const numPoints = areaPoints.length;for (let i = 0; i < numPoints; i++) {const j = (i + 1) % numPoints;area +=areaPoints[i].x * areaPoints[j].y - areaPoints[j].x * areaPoints[i].y;}area = Math.abs(area) / 2;// 创建标签const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");const context = canvas.getContext("2d");if (context) {const text = `面积: ${area.toFixed(2)}`;const textWidth = context.measureText(text).width;canvas.width = textWidth + 25;canvas.height = 35;context.font = "12px Arial";context.fillStyle = "#ffffff";context.textAlign = "center";context.fillText(text, canvas.width / 2, 15);const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);texture.needsUpdate = true; // 确保纹理更新const spriteMaterial = new THREE.SpriteMaterial({ map: texture });areaLabel = new THREE.Sprite(spriteMaterial);const centroid = new THREE.Vector3();areaPoints.forEach((point) => {centroid.add(point);});centroid.divideScalar(numPoints);areaLabel.position.copy(centroid);areaLabel.scale.set(0.1, 0.1, 1); // 调整标签大小scene.add(areaLabel);}isAreaMeasuring = false;
}function cancelDistanceMeasurement() {isDistanceMeasuring = false;distancePoints = [];distanceDots.forEach((dot) => {scene.remove(dot);});distanceDots = [];if (distanceLine) {scene.remove(distanceLine);distanceLine = null;}if (distanceLabel) {scene.remove(distanceLabel);distanceLabel = null;}
}function cancelAreaMeasurement() {isAreaMeasuring = false;areaPoints = [];areaDots.forEach((dot) => {scene.remove(dot);});areaDots = [];areaLines.forEach((areaLine) => {scene.remove(areaLine);});areaLines = [];if (areaLabel) {scene.remove(areaLabel);areaLabel = null;}
}// 添加点击圆点
function addDot(point: THREE.Vector3, dots: THREE.Mesh[]) {const geometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(0.01, 12, 12);const material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: 0xff0000 });const dot = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);dot.position.copy(point);scene.add(dot);dots.push(dot);
}function updateAreaLines() {areaLines.forEach((areaLine) => {scene.remove(areaLine);});areaLines = [];const numPoints = areaPoints.length;for (let i = 0; i < numPoints; i++) {const j = (i + 1) % numPoints;const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry().setFromPoints([areaPoints[i],areaPoints[j],]);const material = new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({color: 0x00ff00,});const line = new THREE.Line(geometry, material);scene.add(line);areaLines.push(line);}
}onMounted(() => {initThree();
});
</script><style lang="scss" scoped>
.siteInspection {width: 100%;height: 100vh;position: relative;
}.measurement-buttons {position: absolute;bottom: 10px;left: 50%;transform: translateX(-50%);display: flex;gap: 10px;
}
</style>