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搭建一个基于Spring Boot的驾校管理系统

news 2025/7/27 15:00:09

搭建一个基于Spring Boot的驾校管理系统可以涵盖多个功能模块，例如学员管理、教练管理、课程管理、考试管理、车辆管理等。以下是一个简化的步骤指南，帮助你快速搭建一个基础的系统。

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1. 项目初始化

使用 Spring Initializr 生成一个Spring Boot项目：

访问 Spring Initializr。
选择以下依赖：
- Spring Web（用于构建RESTful API或MVC应用）
- Spring Data JPA（用于数据库操作）
- Spring Security（用于用户认证和授权）
- Thymeleaf（可选，用于前端页面渲染）
- MySQL Driver（或其他数据库驱动）
- Lombok（简化代码）
点击“Generate”下载项目。

2. 项目结构

项目结构大致如下：

src/main/java/com/example/drivingschool├── controller├── service├── repository├── model├── config└── DrivingSchoolApplication.java
src/main/resources├── static├── templates└── application.properties

3. 配置数据库

在application.properties中配置数据库连接：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/driving_school
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=yourpassword
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

4. 创建实体类

在model包中创建实体类，例如Student、Instructor、Course、Exam、Vehicle等。

学员实体类 (`Student`)

package com.example.drivingschool.model;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Set;@Entity
public class Student {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;private String name;private String email;private String phoneNumber;@OneToMany(mappedBy = "student", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)private Set<Course> courses;@OneToMany(mappedBy = "student", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)private Set<Exam> exams;// Getters and Setters
}

教练实体类 (`Instructor`)

package com.example.drivingschool.model;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Set;@Entity
public class Instructor {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;private String name;private String email;private String phoneNumber;@OneToMany(mappedBy = "instructor", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)private Set<Course> courses;// Getters and Setters
}

课程实体类 (`Course`)

package com.example.drivingschool.model;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;@Entity
public class Course {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;@ManyToOne@JoinColumn(name = "student_id")private Student student;@ManyToOne@JoinColumn(name = "instructor_id")private Instructor instructor;@ManyToOne@JoinColumn(name = "vehicle_id")private Vehicle vehicle;private LocalDateTime startTime;private LocalDateTime endTime;// Getters and Setters
}

考试实体类 (`Exam`)

package com.example.drivingschool.model;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;@Entity
public class Exam {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;@ManyToOne@JoinColumn(name = "student_id")private Student student;private LocalDateTime examDate;private String result;// Getters and Setters
}

车辆实体类 (`Vehicle`)

package com.example.drivingschool.model;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Set;@Entity
public class Vehicle {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;private String make;private String model;private String licensePlate;@OneToMany(mappedBy = "vehicle", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)private Set<Course> courses;// Getters and Setters
}

5. 创建Repository接口

在repository包中创建JPA Repository接口。

package com.example.drivingschool.repository;import com.example.drivingschool.model.Student;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;public interface StudentRepository extends JpaRepository<Student, Long> {
}

6. 创建Service层

在service包中创建服务类。

package com.example.drivingschool.service;import com.example.drivingschool.model.Student;
import com.example.drivingschool.repository.StudentRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Service
public class StudentService {@Autowiredprivate StudentRepository studentRepository;public List<Student> getAllStudents() {return studentRepository.findAll();}public Student getStudentById(Long id) {return studentRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);}public Student saveStudent(Student student) {return studentRepository.save(student);}public void deleteStudent(Long id) {studentRepository.deleteById(id);}
}

7. 创建Controller层

在controller包中创建控制器类。

package com.example.drivingschool.controller;import com.example.drivingschool.model.Student;
import com.example.drivingschool.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;@Controller
@RequestMapping("/students")
public class StudentController {@Autowiredprivate StudentService studentService;@GetMappingpublic String listStudents(Model model) {model.addAttribute("students", studentService.getAllStudents());return "students";}@GetMapping("/new")public String showStudentForm(Model model) {model.addAttribute("student", new Student());return "student-form";}@PostMappingpublic String saveStudent(@ModelAttribute Student student) {studentService.saveStudent(student);return "redirect:/students";}@GetMapping("/edit/{id}")public String showEditForm(@PathVariable Long id, Model model) {model.addAttribute("student", studentService.getStudentById(id));return "student-form";}@GetMapping("/delete/{id}")public String deleteStudent(@PathVariable Long id) {studentService.deleteStudent(id);return "redirect:/students";}
}

8. 创建前端页面

在src/main/resources/templates目录下创建Thymeleaf模板文件。

`students.html`

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><title>Students</title>
</head>
<body><h1>Students</h1><a href="/students/new">Add New Student</a><table><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>Name</th><th>Email</th><th>Phone Number</th><th>Actions</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr th:each="student : ${students}"><td th:text="${student.id}"></td><td th:text="${student.name}"></td><td th:text="${student.email}"></td><td th:text="${student.phoneNumber}"></td><td><a th:href="@{/students/edit/{id}(id=${student.id})}">Edit</a><a th:href="@{/students/delete/{id}(id=${student.id})}">Delete</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
</body>
</html>

`student-form.html`

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><title>Student Form</title>
</head>
<body><h1>Student Form</h1><form th:action="@{/students}" th:object="${student}" method="post"><input type="hidden" th:field="*{id}" /><label>Name:</label><input type="text" th:field="*{name}" /><br/><label>Email:</label><input type="text" th:field="*{email}" /><br/><label>Phone Number:</label><input type="text" th:field="*{phoneNumber}" /><br/><button type="submit">Save</button></form>
</body>
</html>