linux 安装mysql5.6
- 下载mysql安装包
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html
- 卸载系统自带的mariadb
[root@gpap-prod-3 ~]# rpm -qa| grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@gpap-prod-3 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
warning: /etc/my.cnf saved as /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave
删除/etc下的my.cnf文件
[root@gpap-prod-3 ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave
[root@gpap-prod-3 ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
- 创建mysql用户组，创建mysql用户，并将其加入mysql用户组
[root@gpap-prod-3 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@gpap-prod-3 ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
- 将下载好的二进制包放到/usr/local目录下
mv mysql-5.6.48-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/
解压文件
tar xf mysql-5.6.48-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
将其命名为mysql
mv mysql-5.6.48-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
- 在/etc目录下创建新的my.cnf文件
vim my.cnf
my.cnf文件内容如下：
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
创建my.cnf中涉及到的目录
mkdir /var/lib/mysql
mkdir /var/lib/mysql/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql
pwd
/usr/local/mysql
- 进入mysql安装目录（/usr/local/mysql）安装autoconf库和libaio库文件
yum -y install autoconf
yum install libaio* -y
- 配置mysql
修改my.cnf文件权限
chmod 777 /etc/my.cnf
设置开机自动启动服务的脚本
cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
增加mysqld服务控制脚本执行权限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
将mysql服务加入到系统服务中
chkconfig --add mysqld
检查服务是否生效
chkconfig --list mysqld
输出日志如下：
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include nativesystemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by nativesystemd configuration.If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.To see services enabled on particular target use'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
启动mysqld服务
systemctl restart mysqld.service
修改 /etc/profile 文件，将mysql的bin目录加入path环境变量
export MYSQL_HOME="/usr/local/mysql"
export PATH="$PATH:MYSQL_HOME/bin"
使profile文件的修改生效
source /etc/profile
- 如果设置了防火墙，则需要开通3306和8080端口，依次执行以下命令
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
- 创建mysql软连接
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
- 修改mysql用户密码
./mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
日志输出如下
Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored
Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored
210811 14:53:29 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/gpap-prod-3.err'.
210811 14:53:29 mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists
启动mysql客户端（密码为空，直接回车即可）
[root@gpap-prod-3 bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.42 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
输入sql，依次查看数据库列表、进入mysql数据库，查看user表相关信息
show databases;
use mysql;
show tables;
desc user;
select USER,HOST,password from user;
查到的用户列表如下所示
+------+-------------+----------+
| USER | HOST | password |
+------+-------------+----------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | gpap-prod-3 | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | ::1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | gpap-prod-3 | |
+------+-------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
将user为root，host为localhost的这条数据进行修改
update user set password=password("你的root账户的密码"), host="%" where user="root" and host="localhost";
再执行刷新sql
flush privileges;
- 退出mysqld_safe，杀掉该进程
ps aux | grep mysqld
kill -9 mysqld_safe对应的进程ID
- 重启mysqld服务
systemctl restart mysqld.service
- 本地使用navicat进行连接测试成功