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PyTorch框架——基于深度学习YOLOv5神经网络水果蔬菜检测识别系统

news 2025/7/6 3:44:44

基于深度学习YOLOv5神经网络水果蔬菜检测识别系统，其能识别的水果蔬菜有15种，# 水果的种类 names: ['黑葡萄', '绿葡萄', '樱桃', '西瓜', '龙眼', '香蕉', '芒果', '菠萝', '柚子', '草莓', '苹果', '柑橘', '火龙果', '梨子', '花生', '黄瓜', '土豆', '大蒜', '茄子', '白萝卜', '辣椒', '胡萝卜', '花菜', '白菜', '番茄', '西蓝花', '橙子']，见如下

第一步：YOLOv5介绍

YOLOv5是一种目标检测算法，它是YOLO（You Only Look Once）系列的最新版本。YOLOv5在YOLOv4的基础上进行了改进和优化，以提高检测的准确性和速度。

YOLOv5采用了一些新的技术和方法来改进目标检测的性能。其中包括以下几个方面：

损失函数：YOLOv5使用了CIOU_Loss作为bounding box的损失函数。CIOU_Loss是一种改进的IOU_Loss，可以更好地衡量目标框的位置和大小。
非极大值抑制（NMS）：YOLOv5使用NMS来抑制重叠的边界框，以减少重复检测的问题。
聚类anchors：YOLOv5使用k-means聚类算法来生成anchors，这些anchors用于检测不同尺度的目标。

总的来说，YOLOv5在YOLOv4的基础上进行了一些改进和优化，以提高目标检测的准确性和速度。

标注数据，YOLOv5的训练和测试步骤，可以参考我的这篇博客：手把手教你通过YOLOv5训练自己的目标检测模型_yolov5怎么测试自己训练的结果-CSDN博客

第二步：YOLOv5网络结构

第三步：代码展示

# Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 licensefrom pathlib import Pathfrom ultralytics.engine.model import Model
from ultralytics.models import yolo
from ultralytics.nn.tasks import ClassificationModel, DetectionModel, OBBModel, PoseModel, SegmentationModel, WorldModel
from ultralytics.utils import ROOT, yaml_loadclass YOLO(Model):"""YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection model."""def __init__(self, model="yolo11n.pt", task=None, verbose=False):"""Initialize YOLO model, switching to YOLOWorld if model filename contains '-world'."""path = Path(model)if "-world" in path.stem and path.suffix in {".pt", ".yaml", ".yml"}:  # if YOLOWorld PyTorch modelnew_instance = YOLOWorld(path, verbose=verbose)self.__class__ = type(new_instance)self.__dict__ = new_instance.__dict__else:# Continue with default YOLO initializationsuper().__init__(model=model, task=task, verbose=verbose)@propertydef task_map(self):"""Map head to model, trainer, validator, and predictor classes."""return {"classify": {"model": ClassificationModel,"trainer": yolo.classify.ClassificationTrainer,"validator": yolo.classify.ClassificationValidator,"predictor": yolo.classify.ClassificationPredictor,},"detect": {"model": DetectionModel,"trainer": yolo.detect.DetectionTrainer,"validator": yolo.detect.DetectionValidator,"predictor": yolo.detect.DetectionPredictor,},"segment": {"model": SegmentationModel,"trainer": yolo.segment.SegmentationTrainer,"validator": yolo.segment.SegmentationValidator,"predictor": yolo.segment.SegmentationPredictor,},"pose": {"model": PoseModel,"trainer": yolo.pose.PoseTrainer,"validator": yolo.pose.PoseValidator,"predictor": yolo.pose.PosePredictor,},"obb": {"model": OBBModel,"trainer": yolo.obb.OBBTrainer,"validator": yolo.obb.OBBValidator,"predictor": yolo.obb.OBBPredictor,},}class YOLOWorld(Model):"""YOLO-World object detection model."""def __init__(self, model="yolov8s-world.pt", verbose=False) -> None:"""Initialize YOLOv8-World model with a pre-trained model file.Loads a YOLOv8-World model for object detection. If no custom class names are provided, it assigns defaultCOCO class names.Args:model (str | Path): Path to the pre-trained model file. Supports *.pt and *.yaml formats.verbose (bool): If True, prints additional information during initialization."""super().__init__(model=model, task="detect", verbose=verbose)# Assign default COCO class names when there are no custom namesif not hasattr(self.model, "names"):self.model.names = yaml_load(ROOT / "cfg/datasets/coco8.yaml").get("names")@propertydef task_map(self):"""Map head to model, validator, and predictor classes."""return {"detect": {"model": WorldModel,"validator": yolo.detect.DetectionValidator,"predictor": yolo.detect.DetectionPredictor,"trainer": yolo.world.WorldTrainer,}}def set_classes(self, classes):"""Set classes.Args:classes (List(str)): A list of categories i.e. ["person"]."""self.model.set_classes(classes)# Remove background if it's givenbackground = " "if background in classes:classes.remove(background)self.model.names = classes# Reset method class names# self.predictor = None  # reset predictor otherwise old names remainif self.predictor:self.predictor.model.names = classes

第四步：统计训练过程的一些指标，相关指标都有