Javascript知识框架图(待完善)
以下是一个清晰且详细的 JavaScript 知识框架,涵盖基础知识到高级概念,适合学习和参考:
JavaScript 知识框架
1. 基础知识
- 数据类型
- 原始类型:
Number
,String
,Boolean
,Null
,Undefined
,Symbol
,BigInt
- 引用类型:
Object
,Array
,Function
- 原始类型:
- 变量和作用域
- 声明:
var
,let
,const
- 作用域:全局作用域、块级作用域、函数作用域
- 闭包:概念与应用
- 声明:
- 操作符
- 算术操作符、比较操作符、逻辑操作符、赋值操作符
- 解构赋值、展开运算符、三元运算符
2. 函数
- 定义方式
- 函数声明、函数表达式、箭头函数
- 参数
- 默认参数、剩余参数 (
...args
)
- 默认参数、剩余参数 (
- 高级概念
- 回调函数、闭包、纯函数
- 高阶函数(
map
、reduce
、filter
) this
和绑定:call
、apply
、bind
3. 对象和类
- 对象
- 创建:对象字面量、构造函数、
Object.create
- 操作:属性添加/删除、深浅拷贝、
Object.assign
- 原型链和继承
- 创建:对象字面量、构造函数、
- 类
- 类声明与方法
- 静态方法、继承(
extends
)、多态
4. DOM 操作
- 选择与操作
- DOM 查询:
getElementById
,querySelector
- 内容操作:
innerHTML
,textContent
- 样式操作:
style
,classList
- DOM 查询:
- 事件
- 事件绑定:
addEventListener
- 事件模型:冒泡与捕获
- 事件委托
- 事件绑定:
5. 异步编程
- 基本概念
- 同步与异步
- 回调函数问题(回调地狱)
Promise
- 状态:
pending
、fulfilled
、rejected
- 链式调用:
then
,catch
- 状态:
async/await
- 异步函数的定义与错误处理
try/catch
使用
- 事件循环
- 微任务与宏任务
- 例子:
setTimeout
,setInterval
,Promise
6. 模块化
- ES6 模块
import
,export
- CommonJS
require
,module.exports
- 其他
- AMD,UMD
7. ES6+ 特性
- 解构赋值
- 模板字符串
- 箭头函数
let
和const
- 类(
class
) Map
和Set
Symbol
和迭代器- 扩展运算符(
...
)
8. 工具与生态
- 开发工具
- 打包工具:Webpack,Vite,Parcel
- 转译工具:Babel
- 版本管理:npm,yarn,pnpm
- 前端框架
- React、Vue、Angular
- 后端技术
- Node.js,Express
- 测试工具
- 单元测试:Jest,Mocha
- E2E 测试:Cypress,Puppeteer
9. 性能与安全
- 性能优化
- Debounce 和 Throttle
- Lazy Loading 和 Virtual DOM
- 安全
- 防范 XSS、CSRF
- Content Security Policy (CSP)
- CORS
10. 高级主题
- 设计模式
- 单例模式、工厂模式、观察者模式
- TypeScript
- 类型系统、接口、泛型
- Web APIs
- Fetch API、WebSockets、Service Workers
- 前沿技术
- WebAssembly,微前端
// Comprehensive JavaScript Knowledge Frameworkconst jsKnowledgeFramework = {foundation: {dataTypes: ["Number","String","Boolean","Null","Undefined","Symbol","BigInt",],variables: {declarations: ["var", "let", "const"],scopes: ["global", "block", "function"],closures: true,},operators: {types: ["arithmetic","comparison","logical","assignment","bitwise","destructuring","ternary",],},},functionsAndObjects: {functions: {types: ["declaration", "expression", "arrow"],parameters: ["default", "rest", "spread"],concepts: ["callback", "higher-order", "pure functions"],},objects: {creation: ["literal", "constructor", "Object.create"],manipulation: ["get", "set", "defineProperty"],prototype: {inheritance: ["prototype", "class", "Object.setPrototypeOf"],},advanced: ["this", "bind", "call", "apply"],},},dom: {querying: ["getElementById", "querySelector", "querySelectorAll"],manipulation: ["innerHTML", "textContent", "classList", "append", "remove"],events: {binding: "addEventListener",delegation: "event delegation",models: ["bubbling", "capturing", "stopping propagation"],},styles: ["style", "getComputedStyle", "CSS Variables"],},asyncAndEventLoop: {asyncPatterns: ["callback", "promise", "async/await"],eventLoop: {concepts: ["call stack", "task queue", "microtasks", "macrotasks"],examples: ["setTimeout", "setInterval", "requestAnimationFrame"],},},modularity: {esModules: ["import", "export"],commonJS: ["require", "module.exports"],AMD: ["define", "require"],UMD: ["Universal Module Definition"],},es6Plus: {features: ["arrowFunctions","templateStrings","destructuring","spreadOperator","restOperator","defaultParameters","Map","Set","Symbol","WeakMap","WeakSet","class",],},ecosystem: {tools: {bundlers: ["Webpack", "Vite", "Rollup", "Parcel"],transpilers: ["Babel", "TypeScript"],},frameworks: {frontend: ["React", "Vue", "Angular", "Svelte"],backend: ["Node.js", "Express", "Koa", "NestJS"],},testing: {unitTests: ["Jest", "Mocha", "Chai", "QUnit"],endToEndTests: ["Cypress", "Puppeteer", "Playwright"],},stateManagement: ["Redux", "MobX", "Pinia", "Zustand"],},advancedTopics: {performance: ["Debouncing", "Throttling", "Lazy Loading", "Virtual DOM"],security: ["XSS Prevention", "CSP", "Same-Origin Policy", "CORS"],patterns: ["Module Pattern", "Observer Pattern", "Factory Pattern", "Singleton"],},
};console.log(jsKnowledgeFramework);