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链表头文件大更新！！！

news 2025/7/27 20:54:58

引言

原文章:链表简介及自制链表操作头文件_自己写一个链表头文件-CSDN博客。

此次更新添加了更多功能，让改头文件更人性化。

安装教程见原文章。

介绍 `linked_list.h` 头文件

linked_list.h 是一个 C++ 头文件，定义了一个模板类 LinkedList，用于实现单向链表。链表中的每个节点由 Node 结构体表示，包含数据和指向下一个节点的指针。LinkedList 类提供了多种操作链表的方法，包括插入、删除、查找、打印、获取链表大小、判断链表是否为空等。此外，还定义了链表的加法和减法运算。

头文件内容

#ifndef LINKED_LIST_H
#define LINKED_LIST_H
#pragma once#include <iostream>template <typename T>
struct Node {T data;Node* next;Node(T data) : data(data), next(0) {}  // 使用 0 替换 nullptr
};template <typename T>
class LinkedList {
public:LinkedList();~LinkedList();void insert(T data);void remove(T data);Node<T>* search(T data);void print() const;int size() const;bool isEmpty() const;Node<T>* getHead() const;Node<T>* getTail() const;// 加法运算LinkedList<T>& operator+(const LinkedList<T>& other);// 减法运算LinkedList<T>& operator-(const LinkedList<T>& other);private:Node<T>* head;
};template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::LinkedList() : head(0) {}  // 使用 0 替换 nullptrtemplate <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::~LinkedList() {Node<T>* current = head;while (current) {Node<T>* next = current->next;delete current;current = next;}
}template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::insert(T data) {Node<T>* newNode = new Node<T>(data);if (!head) {head = newNode;} else {Node<T>* current = head;while (current->next) {current = current->next;}current->next = newNode;}
}template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::remove(T data) {if (!head) {return;}if (head->data == data) {Node<T>* temp = head;head = head->next;delete temp;return;}Node<T>* current = head;while (current->next && current->next->data != data) {current = current->next;}if (current->next) {Node<T>* temp = current->next;current->next = current->next->next;delete temp;}
}template <typename T>
Node<T>* LinkedList<T>::search(T data) {Node<T>* current = head;while (current) {if (current->data == data) {return current;}current = current->next;}return 0;  // 使用 0 替换 nullptr
}template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::print() const {Node<T>* current = head;while (current) {std::cout << current->data << " ";current = current->next;}std::cout << std::endl;
}template <typename T>
int LinkedList<T>::size() const {int count = 0;Node<T>* current = head;while (current) {count++;current = current->next;}return count;
}template <typename T>
bool LinkedList<T>::isEmpty() const {return head == 0;  // 使用 0 替换 nullptr
}template <typename T>
Node<T>* LinkedList<T>::getHead() const {return head;
}template <typename T>
Node<T>* LinkedList<T>::getTail() const {Node<T>* current = head;Node<T>* tail = 0;  // 使用 0 替换 nullptrwhile (current) {tail = current;current = current->next;}return tail;
}// 加法运算
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>& LinkedList<T>::operator+(const LinkedList<T>& other) {Node<T>* current = other.head;while (current) {this->insert(current->data);current = current->next;}return *this;
}// 减法运算
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>& LinkedList<T>::operator-(const LinkedList<T>& other) {Node<T>* current = other.head;while (current) {this->remove(current->data);current = current->next;}return *this;
}
#endif

使用样例

1. 创建和操作整数链表

#include "linked_list.h"int main() {LinkedList<int> list1;list1.insert(1);list1.insert(2);list1.insert(3);std::cout << "List1: ";list1.print();  // 输出: 1 2 3LinkedList<int> list2;list2.insert(4);list2.insert(5);std::cout << "List2: ";list2.print();  // 输出: 4 5// 加法运算list1 = list1 + list2;std::cout << "List1 + List2: ";list1.print();  // 输出: 1 2 3 4 5// 减法运算list1 = list1 - list2;std::cout << "List1 - List2: ";list1.print();  // 输出: 1 2 3// 查找元素Node<int>* found = list1.search(2);if (found) {std::cout << "Found: " << found->data << std::endl;  // 输出: Found: 2} else {std::cout << "Not found" << std::endl;}// 删除元素list1.remove(2);std::cout << "After removing 2: ";list1.print();  // 输出: 1 3return 0;
}

2. 创建和操作字符串链表

#include "linked_list.h"int main() {LinkedList<std::string> list1;list1.insert("apple");list1.insert("banana");list1.insert("cherry");std::cout << "List1: ";list1.print();  // 输出: apple banana cherryLinkedList<std::string> list2;list2.insert("date");list2.insert("elderberry");std::cout << "List2: ";list2.print();  // 输出: date elderberry// 加法运算list1 = list1 + list2;std::cout << "List1 + List2: ";list1.print();  // 输出: apple banana cherry date elderberry// 减法运算list1 = list1 - list2;std::cout << "List1 - List2: ";list1.print();  // 输出: apple banana cherry// 查找元素Node<std::string>* found = list1.search("banana");if (found) {std::cout << "Found: " << found->data << std::endl;  // 输出: Found: banana} else {std::cout << "Not found" << std::endl;}// 删除元素list1.remove("banana");std::cout << "After removing banana: ";list1.print();  // 输出: apple cherryreturn 0;
}