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Oracle 11gR2 坏块修复实例一则

news 2025/7/25 11:28:41

背景

前段时间在 Oracle 11gR2 数据库中发现了坏块问题。环境是 64 位 Linux 平台。本文将详细介绍如何使用 DBMS_REPAIR 进行在线修复，当然也可以基于备份和 RMAN 的修复方法这里暂时不做介绍。

发现坏块

1. 从 `alert.log` 中发现错误

在 alert.log 文件中发现了如下错误信息：

DDE: Problem Key 'ORA 1110' was flood controlled (0x1) (no incident)
ORA-01110: data file 8: '/u01/app/oracle/TESTDB/oradata/data/TESTDB_test_data_03.dbf'
Byte offset to file# 8 block# 570051 is 374890496
Incident 1567129 created, dump file:

2. 从 `trace` 文件中获取详细信息

在 trace 文件中找到了更详细的错误描述：

/u01/app/oracle/testdb/admin/TESTDB/diag/rdbms/TESTDB/TESTDB/incident/incdir_1567129/TESTDB_ora_5396_i1567129.trc
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 8, block # 570051)
ORA-01110: data file 8: '/u01/app/oracle/TESTDB/oradata/data/TESTDB_test_data_03.dbf'Dump continued from file: /u01/app/oracle/testdb/admin/TESTDB/diag/rdbms/TESTDB/TESTDB/trace/TESTDB_ora_5396.trc
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 8, block # 570051)
ORA-01110: data file 8: '/u01/app/oracle/TESTDB/oradata/data/TESTDB_test_data_03.dbf'Dump for incident 1567129 (ORA 1578)

3. 查询坏块的段类型

尝试查询坏块的段类型，确认是索引还是表段出问题了。查询结果为空：

SQL> select segment_name, tablespace_name, segment_type, block_id, file_id, bytesfrom dba_extentswhere block_id = 570051 and file_id = 8;no rows selected

4. 运行日志中的 SQL 语句

运行日志中的 SQL 语句，报错如下：

SELECT xxxxx FROM APP_CONTROL AC, APP_BILL_PROC BL
WHERE APP.DATA_GROUP IS NOT NULL
AND BL.PROCESS_ID = APP.NXT_PGM_NAME
AND APP.FILE_STATUS IN ('RD', 'IU', 'CN')
GROUP BY xxxxxxxERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 8, block # 570051)
ORA-01110: data file 8: '/u01/app/oracle/TESTDB/oradata/data/TESTDB_TEST_DATA_03.dbf'

5. 验证相关表

查询相关表的记录数，没有问题：

SQL> select count(*) from APP_CONTROL;
COUNT(*)
----------
1613SQL> select count(*) from APP_BILL_PROC;
COUNT(*)
----------
103

6. 再次验证 SQL 语句

再次运行日志中的 SQL 语句，依然报错：

SELECT xxxxx FROM APP_CONTROL AC, APP_BILL_PROC BL
WHERE APP.DATA_GROUP IS NOT NULL
AND BL.PROCESS_ID = APP.NXT_PGM_NAME
AND APP.FILE_STATUS IN ('RD', 'IU', 'CN')
GROUP BY xxxxxxxERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 8, block # 570051)
ORA-01110: data file 8: '/u01/app/oracle/TESTDB/oradata/data/TESTDB_test_data_03.dbf'

使用 `DBMS_REPAIR` 进行在线修复

1. 创建修复表

通过 DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES 创建修复表 REPAIR_TABLE：

SQL> BEGIN2  DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES (3  TABLE_NAME => 'REPAIR_TABLE',4  TABLE_TYPE => dbms_repair.repair_table,5  ACTION => dbms_repair.create_action,6  TABLESPACE => 'test_DATA');7  END;8  /PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

2. 描述修复表

描述生成的修复表 REPAIR_TABLE：

SQL> desc repair_table
Name                            Null?    Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
OBJECT_ID                       NOT NULL NUMBER
TABLESPACE_ID                   NOT NULL NUMBER
RELATIVE_FILE_ID                NOT NULL NUMBER
BLOCK_ID                        NOT NULL NUMBER
CORRUPT_TYPE                    NOT NULL NUMBER
SCHEMA_NAME                     NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME                     NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
BASEOBJECT_NAME                          VARCHAR2(30)
PARTITION_NAME                          VARCHAR2(30)
CORRUPT_DESCRIPTION                      VARCHAR2(2000)
REPAIR_DESCRIPTION                       VARCHAR2(200)
MARKED_CORRUPT                   NOT NULL VARCHAR2(10)
CHECK_TIMESTAMP                  NOT NULL DATE
FIX_TIMESTAMP                             DATE
REFORMAT_TIMESTAMP                        DATE

3. 检查坏块

使用 DBMS_REPAIR.CHECK_OBJECT 检查坏块：

SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> DECLARE2  num_corrupt INT;3  BEGIN4  num_corrupt := 0;5  DBMS_REPAIR.CHECK_OBJECT (6  SCHEMA_NAME => 'TSTAPP',7  OBJECT_NAME => 'APP_CONTROL',8  REPAIR_TABLE_NAME => 'REPAIR_TABLE',9  corrupt_count => num_corrupt);10  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('number corrupt: ' || TO_CHAR (num_corrupt));11  END;12  /number corrupt: 1
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

4. 查询坏块记录

查询生成的坏块表，确认坏块位置：

SQL> select BLOCK_ID, CORRUPT_TYPE, CORRUPT_DESCRIPTION2  from REPAIR_TABLE;BLOCK_ID CORRUPT_TYPE
---------- ------------
CORRUPT_DESCRIPTION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570051           6148

5. 修复坏块

使用 DBMS_REPAIR.FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS 修复坏块：

SQL> DECLARE2  num_fix INT;3  BEGIN4  num_fix := 0;5  DBMS_REPAIR.FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS (6  SCHEMA_NAME => 'TSTAPP',7  OBJECT_NAME => 'APP_CONTROL',8  OBJECT_TYPE => dbms_repair.table_object,9  REPAIR_TABLE_NAME => 'REPAIR_TABLE',10  FIX_COUNT => num_fix);11  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('num fix: ' || to_char(num_fix));12  END;13  /num fix: 0
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

6. 跳过坏块

使用 DBMS_REPAIR.SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS 跳过坏块：

SQL> BEGIN2  DBMS_REPAIR.SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS (3  SCHEMA_NAME => 'TSTAPP',4  OBJECT_NAME => 'APP_CONTROL',5  OBJECT_TYPE => dbms_repair.table_object,6  FLAGS => dbms_repair.SKIP_FLAG);7  END;8  /PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

7. 再次运行 SQL 语句

再次运行之前的 SQL 语句，验证修复效果：

SQL> SELECT xxxxx FROM APP_CONTROL AC, APP_BILL_PROC BL2  WHERE APP.DATA_GROUP IS NOT NULL3  AND BL.PROCESS_ID = APP.NXT_PGM_NAME4  AND APP.FILE_STATUS IN ('RD', 'IU', 'CN')5  GROUP BY xxxxxxx;-- 成功执行，不再报错