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SQL Server Service Broker完整示例

news 2025/7/7 9:45:18

准备

创建Message，Contract，Queue和Service

创建调用存储过程

启用SQL Agent并创建Job执行存储过程

调用demo

常见故障排除

准备

判断你的数据库YourDatabaseName是否启用了Service Broker

SELECT is_broker_enabled FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'YourDatabaseName';

如果未启用，可以通过以下命令启用。

ALTER DATABASE YourDatabaseName SET ENABLE_BROKER;

创建Message，Contract，Queue和Service

然后按照以下步骤分别创建Message，Contract，Queue和Service。

--1. 创建Message，Contract，Queue和Service
CREATE MESSAGE TYPE [DBTestSync] VALIDATION = NONE;CREATE CONTRACT [DBTestmessages] ([DBTestSync] SENT BY ANY)CREATE QUEUE [dbo].[DBTestSyncQueue] WITH STATUS = ON , RETENTION = OFF , POISON_MESSAGE_HANDLING (STATUS = ON) ;CREATE SERVICE [DBTestSyncService]  ON QUEUE [dbo].[DBTestSyncQueue] ;

创建调用存储过程

The dequeue stored procedure (Service Program) is core of service broker implementation.

Processes the messages in the Queue

Handles the known errors – Inserts back the message into the queue and reprocesses it.

Send email notifications for unhandled exceptions.

Inserts the unknown errors into the ServiceBrokerException table.

--2. 创建调用的存储过程
--DEQUEUE SP/ SERVICE PROGRAM - This code is responsible for picking the message from the queue and processing data
CREATE proc [dbo].[SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER_IN_SP]
as
beginset nocount on;DECLARE @Handle UNIQUEIDENTIFIER ;DECLARE @MessageType SYSNAME ;DECLARE @Message XMLDECLARE @dt DATEtime =GETDATE()DECLARE @ID INT DECLARE @Name VARCHAR(50)declare @spname varchar(500)declare @ERROR VARCHAR(500)SET XACT_ABORT ONBEGIN TRY--BEGIN TRANWAITFOR( RECEIVE TOP (1)  @Handle = conversation_handle,@MessageType = message_type_name,@Message = message_body FROM dbo.[DBTestSyncQueue]),TIMEOUT 1000--[DBTestSyncQueue]就是上面创建的Queue--SELECT cast(@Message  as xml)set @spname =CAST(CAST(@Message.query('/mydata/SPName/text()') AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS VARCHAR(500))IF @spname='SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER'BEGINDeclare @Id int,@Name intSET @Id = convert(int, CAST(CAST(@Message.query('/mydata/Id/text()') AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS VARCHAR(50)))SET @Name = convert(int, CAST(CAST(@Message.query('/mydata/Name/text()') AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS VARCHAR(50)))update [Users] set Name=@Name where Id=@IdEND--COMMIT TRANEND TRYBEGIN CATCH--ROLLBACKDECLARE @ErrorHandle UNIQUEIDENTIFIER;SET @ERROR =ERROR_MESSAGE()IF (ERROR_NUMBER() = 1205 OR ERROR_NUMBER() = 1222 OR ERROR_NUMBER()=18452)BEGINBEGIN DIALOG CONVERSATION @ErrorHandleFROM SERVICE DBTestSyncService TO SERVICE 'DBTestSyncService'ON CONTRACT DBTestmessages WITH ENCRYPTION = OFF;SEND ON CONVERSATION @ErrorHandle MESSAGE TYPE DBTestSync(@MESSAGE);ENDELSEBEGININSERT INTO dbo.ServiceBrokerExceptionVALUES (@Message,@ERROR ,@dt);declare @messagebody varchar(5000)=concat('<b>Error in processing Service Broker Queue</b><BR><b>SPName:</b>',isnull(@spname,'SP Cant be Determined'),'<BR> <b>ERROR:</b>',isnull(@ERROR, 'Error cant be Determined')) exec msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail @profile_name='DBAMail', @recipients= 'group-agency360@alterdomusgroup.onmicrosoft.com',@subject='Service Broker: Error in processing Service Broker Queue',@body=@messagebody, @body_format='HTML'ENDEND CATCH;SET XACT_ABORT OFF
ENDGO

启用SQL Agent并创建Job执行存储过程

Job需要创建两个Steps,两个Steps内容都是exec SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER_IN_SP。

设置Job的Steps：需要创建两个steps。

Step 1：

1. 在General里面输入Step1-SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER_IN_SP

2. Database选择YourDatabaseName

3. Advanced选择Go to the next step

Step 2：

1. 在General里面输入Step2-SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER_IN_S

2. Database选择YourDatabaseName

3. Advanced选择Go to step: Step1-SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER_IN_SP

设置Job的Schedules:

Occurs every day every 10 second(s) between 12:00:00 AM and 11:59:59 PM. Schedule will be used starting on 11/14/2024.

Name: ServiceBrokerJob--自己随意命名

Schedule type: Recurring

Frequence

        Occurs: Daily

        Recurs every: 1 days(s)

Daily frequence

Occures every: 10 seconds--根据自己需要设置

Startint at: 12:00:00 AM

Ending at: 11:59:59 PM

Duration:

Start date: 11/14/2024--默认是你创建的日期

调用demo

--3. 调用demo。你可以在你调用的地方这样子写
create proc SP_TEST
(@Id int,@Name nvarchar(25)
)
AS
BEGINSELECT * INTO #TmpTest --Forming a Message-- FROM ( SELECT @Id AS Id ,@Name AS Name ,'SP_TEST_SERVICE_BROKER' AS SPName )a     DECLARE @XMLMESSAGE XML;   SELECT @XMLMESSAGE = (SELECT * FROM #TmpTest FOR XML PATH ('mydata'), TYPE); ----Sending Message to the Queue---- DECLARE @Handle UNIQUEIDENTIFIER; BEGIN  DIALOG CONVERSATION @Handle FROM SERVICE DBTestSyncService  TO SERVICE 'DBTestSyncService' ON CONTRACT DBTestmessages WITH ENCRYPTION = OFF; SEND ON CONVERSATION @Handle MESSAGE TYPE DBTestSync(@XMLMESSAGE); 
END