【Vue】简易博客项目跟做
项目框架搭建
1.使用vue create快速搭建vue项目
2.使用VC Code打开新生成的项目
- 端口号简单配置
修改
vue.config.js文件，内容修改如下
所需库安装
npm install vue-resource --save --no-fund
npm install vue-router@3 --save --no-fund
npm install axios --save --no-fund
关闭eslint检测
修改.eslintrc.js文件，注释掉
'eslint:recommended'，并在rules中加上"vue/no-unused-components":"off"不关闭检测，组件注册后未被使用时，会直接报错导致项目无法运行
前端网站开发
添加博客页
修改App.vue，注册
AddBlog组件
<template><div id="app"><add-blog></add-blog></div>
</template><script>
import AddBlog from './components/AddBlog'
export default {name: 'app',components: {AddBlog}
}
</script><style>
</style>
编写AddBlog.vue代码
<template><div id="add-blog"><h2>添加博客</h2><form v-if="!submited"><label>博客标题</label><input type="text" v-model="blog.title" required /><label>博客内容</label><textarea v-model="blog.content"></textarea><div id="checkboxes"><label>Vue.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="Vue.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>Node.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="Node.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>React.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="React.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>Angular4</label><input type="checkbox" value="Angular4" v-model="blog.categories"></div><label>作者：</label><select v-model="blog.author"><option v-for="author in authors" :key="author">{{ author }}</option></select><button v-on:click.prevent="post">添加博客</button></form><div v-if="submited"><h3>添加成功</h3></div><hr><!-- 展示预览区域 --><div id="preview"><h3>博客总览</h3><p>博客标题：{{ blog.title }}</p><p>博客内容：</p><p>{{ blog.content }}</p><p>博客分类：</p><ul><li v-for="category in blog.categories" :key="category">{{ category }}</li></ul><p>作者：</p><p>{{ blog.author }}</p></div></div>
</template><script>
export default {// 测试数据网站：https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/postsname: 'add-blog',data() {return {blog: {title: "",content: "",categories: [],author: ""},authors: ["cy", "fy", "cyfy"],submited: false}},methods: {post: function () {// 向指定网站发送post请求this.$http.post("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts", {title: this.blog.title,body: this.blog.content,UserId: 1}).then(function (data) { // 接受网站返回的数据this.submited = true;// console.log(data);});}}
}
</script><style scoped>
/* 针对id=add-blog下所有元素 */
#add-blog * {box-sizing: border-box;
}#add-blog {margin: 20px auto;max-width: 600px;padding: 20px;
}label {display: block;margin: 20px 0 10px;
}input[type="text"],
textarea,
select {display: block;width: 100%;padding: 8px;
}textarea {height: 200px;
}#checkboxes label {display: inline-block;margin-top: 0;
}#checkboxes input {display: inline-block;margin-right: 10px;
}button {display: block;margin: 20px 0;background: cyan;color: fff;border: 0;padding: 14px;border-radius: 4px;font-size: 18px;cursor: pointer;
}#preview {padding: 10px 20px; /* 内边距：上下边距 左右边距 */ border: 1px dotted #ccc; /* 边框设置：边框大小 边框样式 边框颜色 */margin: 30px 0; /* 外边距：上下边距 左右边距 */
}h3 {margin-top: 10px; /* 上外边距 */
}
</style>编写main.js文件，注册使用
VueResource组件
import Vue from 'vue'
// 导入vue-resource
import VueResource from 'vue-resource'
import App from './App.vue'
import store from './store'Vue.config.productionTip = false
// 使用VueResource
Vue.use(VueResource)new Vue({store,render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app')运行效果
--------------------------------------------------
博客列表页
修改App.vue，注册
ShowBlogs组件
<template><div id="app"><!-- <add-blog></add-blog> --><show-blogs></show-blogs></div>
</template><script>
import AddBlog from './components/AddBlog'
import ShowBlogs from './components/ShowBlogs'export default {name: 'app',components: {AddBlog,ShowBlogs}
}
</script><style>
</style>
编写ShowBlogs.vue代码
<template><div v-theme:column="'wide'" id="show-blogs"><h1>博客总览</h1><input type="text" v-model="search" placeholder="搜索" /><div class="single-blog" v-for="blog in filteredBlogs" :key="blog.id"><h2 v-rainbow>{{ blog.title | to-uppercase }}</h2><article>{{ blog.body | snippet }}</article></div></div>
</template><script>export default {name: 'show-blogs',data() {return {blogs: [],search: ""}},created() {this.$http.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts').then(function (data) {// 截取前十条数据，赋值给blogs中this.blogs = data.body.slice(0, 10);})},computed: {// 过滤博客，筛选出符合条件的博客filteredBlogs: function () {return this.blogs.filter((blog) => {return blog.title.match(this.search) || blog.body.match(this.search);})}},filters: {// 标题字母全部转换为大写字母toUppercase(value) {return value.toUpperCase();},// 博客内容一次仅显示100字符，后面字符用“...”代替snippet(value) {return value.slice(0, 100) + "...";}},directives: {// 标题字体颜色随机"rainbow": {bind(el, binding, value) {el.style.color = "#" + Math.random().toString(16).slice(2, 8);}},// 根据属性值赋予博客列表最大宽度"theme": {bind(el, binding, value) {if (binding.value == 'wide') {el.style.maxWidth = "1260px";} else if (binding.value == 'narrow') {el.style.maxWidth = "560px";}if (binding.arg == 'column') {el.style.background = "#6677cc";el.style.padding = '20px';}}}}}
</script><style>
#show-blogs {max-width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;
}.single-blog {padding: 20px;margin: 20px 0;box-sizing: border-box;background: #eee;border: 1px dotted #aaa;
}#show-blogs a {color: #444;text-decoration: none;
}input[type="text"] {padding: 8px;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;
}
</style>
运行效果
搜索
实现路由跳转
编写main.js文件，注册使用
vue-router组件
import Vue from 'vue'
import VueResource from 'vue-resource'
import App from './App.vue'
import store from './store'
// 导入vue-router
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
// 导入路由配置文件
import Routes from './routes/routes'Vue.config.productionTip = falseVue.use(VueResource)
// 使用VueRouter
Vue.use(VueRouter)// 创建路由
const router = new VueRouter({routes:Routes,// 去除路径上的#号mode:"history"
})new Vue({store,render: h => h(App),// 注册路由配置router:router
}).$mount('#app')编写routes.js文件，配置路由跳转逻辑
import AddBlog from './../components/AddBlog';
import ShowBlogs from './../components/ShowBlogs';
export default[{path:"/",component:ShowBlogs},{path:"/add",component:AddBlog}
]
修改App.vue，注册
BlogHeader组件实现导航栏功能
<template><div id="app"><!-- <add-blog></add-blog> --><!-- <show-blogs></show-blogs> --><blog-header></blog-header><router-view></router-view></div>
</template><script>
import AddBlog from './components/AddBlog'
import ShowBlogs from './components/ShowBlogs'
import BlogHeader from './components/BlogHeader'export default {name: 'app',components: {AddBlog,ShowBlogs,BlogHeader}
}
</script><style>
</style>
编写BlogHeader.vue代码
<template><nav><ul><li><router-link to="/" exact>博客总览</router-link><router-link to="/add" exact>博客发布</router-link></li></ul></nav>
</template><script>
export default({name:"blog-header"
})
</script><style scoped>
ul{/* 去除列表前面的符号“·” */list-style-type: none;/* 字体居中 */text-align:center;margin:0;
}
li{display: inline-block;margin: 0 px;
}
a{color:#fff;text-decoration: none;padding: 12px;border-radius: 5px;
}
nav{background: crimson;padding: 30px 0;margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.router-link-active{background: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);color: #444;
}
</style>
运行效果
博客详情页
修改routes.js，增加详情页路由配置
import AddBlog from './../components/AddBlog';
import ShowBlogs from './../components/ShowBlogs';
import SingleBlog from './../components/SingleBlog';
export default[{path:"/",component:ShowBlogs},{path:"/add",component:AddBlog},{path:"/blog/:id",component:SingleBlog}
]
编写SingleBlog.vue代码，实现博客详情页
<template><div id="single-blog"><h1>{{ blog.title }}</h1><article>{{ blog.body }}</article></div>
</template><script>
export default({name:"single-blog",data(){return {// 获取URL路径上的id值id:this.$route.params.id,blog:{}}},created(){// 请求本地JSON数据this.$http.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/' + this.id).then(function(data){this.blog = data.body;})}
})
</script><style scoped>
#single-blog{max-width: 960px;margin: 0 auto;padding: 20px;background: #eee;border: 1px dotted #aaa;
}
</style>
修改ShowBlogs.vue，增加点击跳转
<template><div v-theme:column="'wide'" id="show-blogs"><h1>博客总览</h1><input type="text" v-model="search" placeholder="搜索" /><div class="single-blog" v-for="blog in filteredBlogs" :key="blog.id"><!-- 使用router-link实现路由跳转 --><router-link v-bind:to="'/blog/' + blog.id"><h2 v-rainbow>{{ blog.title | to-uppercase }}</h2><article>{{ blog.body | snippet }}</article></router-link></div></div>
</template>
运行效果
数据地址替换
因为https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts提供的数据是死的，并不能随意修改，所以改用https://vuedemo-b1233.firebaseio.com【别人搭建的firebase网站数据，可能会被关闭/移除】
使用axios
修改main.js，加入axios配置，替代vue-resource请求数据
import Vue from 'vue'
// import VueResource from 'vue-resource'
import App from './App.vue'
import store from './store'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import Routes from './routes/routes'
import axios from 'axios'// 全局配置
axios.defaults.baseURL = 'https://vuedemo-b1233.firebaseio.com'Vue.config.productionTip = false// Vue.use(VueResource)
Vue.use(VueRouter)// 创建路由
const router = new VueRouter({routes:Routes,// 去除路径上的#号mode:"history"
})new Vue({store,render: h => h(App),router:router
}).$mount('#app')修改所有博客主页，使用axios替代$http
修改ShowBlog.vue
<template><div v-theme:column="'wide'" id="show-blogs"><h1>博客总览</h1><input type="text" v-model="search" placeholder="搜索" /><div class="single-blog" v-for="blog in filteredBlogs" :key="blog.id"><router-link v-bind:to="'/blog/' + blog.id"><h2 v-rainbow>{{ blog.title | to-uppercase }}</h2><article>{{ blog.content | snippet }}</article></router-link></div></div>
</template><script>
import axios from 'axios'
export default {name: 'show-blogs',data() {return {blogs: [],search: ""}},created() {axios.get('/posts.json').then(function(data){return data.data;}).then((data) => {var blogsArray = [];for(let key in data){data[key].id = key;// 如果content为空，则将body的值赋予给content// 这么做的原因：因为数据有很多人修改，出现了很多错误数据if(!data[key].content){data[key].content = data[key].body;}blogsArray.push(data[key]);}// 截取前十条数据，赋值给blogs中this.blogs = blogsArray.slice(0, 10);})},computed: {filteredBlogs: function () {return this.blogs.filter((blog) => {return blog.title.match(this.search) || blog.content.match(this.search);})}},filters: {toUppercase(value) {return value.toUpperCase();},snippet(value) {return value.slice(0, 100) + "...";}},directives: {"rainbow": {bind(el, binding, value) {el.style.color = "#" + Math.random().toString(16).slice(2, 8);}},"theme": {bind(el, binding, value) {if (binding.value == 'wide') {el.style.maxWidth = "1260px";} else if (binding.value == 'narrow') {el.style.maxWidth = "560px";}if (binding.arg == 'column') {el.style.background = "#6677cc";el.style.padding = '20px';}}}}}
</script>
修改SingleBlog.vue
<template><div id="single-blog"><h1>{{ blog.title }}</h1><article>{{ blog.content }}</article></div>
</template><script>
import axios from 'axios'
export default({name:"single-blog",data(){return {id:this.$route.params.id,blog:{}}},created(){// 请求本地JSON数据axios.get('/posts/' + this.id + '.json').then((data) => {// 如果content为空，则将body的值赋予给contentif(!data.data.content){data.data.content = data.data.body;}this.blog =data.data;})}
})
</script>
修改AddBlog.vue
<template><div id="add-blog"><h2>添加博客</h2><form v-if="!submited"><label>博客标题</label><input type="text" v-model="blog.title" required /><label>博客内容</label><textarea v-model="blog.content"></textarea><div id="checkboxes"><label>Vue.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="Vue.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>Node.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="Node.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>React.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="React.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>Angular4</label><input type="checkbox" value="Angular4" v-model="blog.categories"></div><label>作者：</label><select v-model="blog.author"><option v-for="author in authors" :key="author">{{ author }}</option></select><button v-on:click.prevent="post">添加博客</button></form><div v-if="submited"><h3>添加成功</h3></div><hr><div id="preview"><h3>博客总览</h3><p>博客标题：{{ blog.title }}</p><p>博客内容：</p><p>{{ blog.content }}</p><p>博客分类：</p><ul><li v-for="category in blog.categories" :key="category">{{ category }}</li></ul><p>作者：</p><p>{{ blog.author }}</p></div></div>
</template><script>
import axios from 'axios'
export default {// https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/postsname: 'add-blog',data() {return {blog: {title: "",content: "",categories: [],author: ""},authors: ["cy", "fy", "cyfy"],submited: false}},methods: {post: function () {axios.post("/posts.json", this.blog).then( (data) => {this.submited = true;console.log(data);});}}
}
</script>
运行效果
删除博客
修改SingleBlog.vue，增加删除逻辑
<template><div id="single-blog"><h1>{{ blog.title }}</h1><article>{{ blog.content }}</article><p>作者：{{ blog.author }}</p><p>分类：</p><ul><li v-for="category in blog.categories" :key="category">{{ category }}</li></ul><button @click="deleteSingleBlog()">删除</button></div>
</template><script>
import axios from 'axios'
export default({name:"single-blog",data(){return {id:this.$route.params.id,blog:{}}},created(){// 请求本地JSON数据axios.get('/posts/'+ this.id + '.json').then((data) => {// 如果content为空，则将body的值赋予给contentif(!data.data.content){data.data.content = data.data.body;}if(!data.data.categories){data.data.categories = [];}this.blog =data.data;})},methods:{deleteSingleBlog(){axios.delete('/posts/'+ this.id + '.json').then(response =>{console.log("删除成功");this.$router.push({path:'/'})})}}
})
</script>
运行效果：
博客编辑页
修改SingleBlog.vue，增加编辑页跳转
<template><div id="single-blog"><h1>{{ blog.title }}</h1><article>{{ blog.content }}</article><p>作者：{{ blog.author }}</p><p>分类：</p><ul><li v-for="category in blog.categories" :key="category">{{ category }}</li></ul><button @click="deleteSingleBlog()">删除</button><router-link :to="'/edit/' + id">编辑</router-link> </div>
</template>修改router.js，增加编辑页跳转
import AddBlog from './../components/AddBlog';
import ShowBlogs from './../components/ShowBlogs';
import SingleBlog from './../components/SingleBlog';
import EditBlog from './../components/EditBlog';
export default[{path:"/",component:ShowBlogs},{path:"/add",component:AddBlog},{path:"/blog/:id",component:SingleBlog},{path:"/edit/:id",component:EditBlog}
]
编写EditBlog.vue，实现博客编辑页
<template><div id="edit-blog"><h2>编辑博客</h2><form v-if="!submited"><label>博客标题</label><input type="text" v-model="blog.title" required /><label>博客内容</label><textarea v-model="blog.content"></textarea><div id="checkboxes"><label>Vue.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="Vue.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>Node.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="Node.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>React.js</label><input type="checkbox" value="React.js" v-model="blog.categories"><label>Angular4</label><input type="checkbox" value="Angular4" v-model="blog.categories"></div><label>作者：</label><select v-model="blog.author"><option v-for="author in authors" :key="author">{{ author }}</option></select><button v-on:click.prevent="edit">编辑博客</button></form><div v-if="submited"><h3>编辑成功</h3></div><hr><div id="preview"><h3>博客总览</h3><p>博客标题：{{ blog.title }}</p><p>博客内容：</p><p>{{ blog.content }}</p><p>博客分类：</p><ul><li v-for="category in blog.categories" :key="category">{{ category }}</li></ul><p>作者：</p><p>{{ blog.author }}</p></div></div>
</template><script>
import axios from 'axios'
export default {name: 'edit-blog',data() {return {id:this.$route.params.id,blog: {title: "",content: "",categories: [],author: ""},authors: ["cy", "fy", "cyfy"],submited: false}},methods: {fetchDate(){axios.get('/posts/' + this.id + '.json').then(data =>{// 如果categories不存在，就给它赋值为空if(!data.data.categories){data.data.categories = [];}this.blog = data.data;})},edit: function () {axios.put('/posts/' + this.id + '.json',this.blog).then((data) => {this.submited = true;});}},created(){this.fetchDate();}
}
</script><style scoped>
/* 针对id=add-blog下所有元素 */
#edit-blog * {box-sizing: border-box;
}#edit-blog {margin: 20px auto;max-width: 600px;padding: 20px;
}label {display: block;margin: 20px 0 10px;
}input[type="text"],
textarea,
select {display: block;width: 100%;padding: 8px;
}textarea {height: 200px;
}#checkboxes label {display: inline-block;margin-top: 0;
}#checkboxes input {display: inline-block;margin-right: 10px;
}button {display: block;margin: 20px 0;background: cyan;color: fff;border: 0;padding: 14px;border-radius: 4px;font-size: 18px;cursor: pointer;
}#preview {/* 内边距 */padding: 10px 20px;/* 边框 */border: 1px dotted #ccc;/* 外边距 */margin: 30px 0;
}h3 {margin-top: 10px;
}
</style>运行效果
发布成功
整体项目结构
