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09-结构化搜索、搜索的相关性算分

news 2025/8/2 21:29:12

term 查询执行精确值匹配，要求文档中的字段值与指定的词项完全相等。对于日期字段等精确值字段，通常使用 term 查询可以快速有效地匹配文档。
match 查询执行全文搜索，会对输入的文本进行分析，生成查询词项，并试图找到与这些词项匹配的文档
constant_score查询是一种特殊的查询，它会为每个匹配的文档分配一个固定的分数（默认为 1.0）


DELETE productsPOST /products/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "price" : 10,"avaliable":true,"date":"2023-01-01", "productID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "price" : 20,"avaliable":true,"date":"2023-01-01", "productID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":true, "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":false, "productID" : "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8" }GET products/_mapping# 对布尔值 match 查询，有算分
POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"term": {"avaliable": true}}
}# 对布尔值，通过constant score 转成 filtering，没有算分
POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"term": {"avaliable": true}}}}
}# 数字类型 Term
POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"term": {"price": 30}}
}# 数字类型 terms
POST products/_search
{"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"terms": {"price": ["20","30"]}}}}
}# 数字 Range 查询
GET products/_search
{"query" : {"constant_score" : {"filter" : {"range" : {"price" : {"gte" : 20,"lte"  : 30}}}}}
}# 日期 range
POST products/_search
{"query" : {"constant_score" : {"filter" : {"range" : {"date" : {"gte" : "now-1y"}}}}}
}# exists查询
POST products/_search
{"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"exists": {"field": "date"}}}}
}# 处理多值字段
POST /movies/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II","year":1995, "genre":"Comedy"}
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "title" : "Dave","year":1993,"genre":["Comedy","Romance"] }# 处理多值字段，term 查询是包含，而不是等于
POST movies/_search
{"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"term": {"genre.keyword": "Comedy"}}}}
}# 字符类型 terms
POST products/_search
{"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"terms": {"productID.keyword": ["QQPX-R-3956-#aD8","JODL-X-1937-#pV7"]}}}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"match": {"price": 30}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"term": {"date": "2019-01-01"}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"match": {"date": "2019-01-01"}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"term": {"productID.keyword": "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"}}}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"term": {"productID.keyword": "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"}}
}# 对布尔数值
POST products/_search
{"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"term": {"avaliable": "false"}}}}
}POST products/_search
{"query": {"term": {"avaliable": {"value": "false"}}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"term": {"price": {"value": "20"}}}
}POST products/_search
{"profile": "true","explain": true,"query": {"match": {"price": "20"}}
}POST products/_search
{"query": {"constant_score": {"filter": {"bool": {"must_not": {"exists": {"field": "date"}}}}}}
}DELETE products

# boosting 查询包含以下关键元素：

# positive: 正面条件，定义了一个条件（这里是 "content": "elasticsearch"），当文档匹配这个条件时，会增加文档的相关性得分。

# negative: 负面条件，定义了另一个条件（这里是 "content": "like"），当文档匹配这个条件时，会减少文档的相关性得分。

# negative_boost: 这个参数指定了负面条件对得分的影响程度。在这个示例中，


DELETE testscorePUT testscore
{"settings": {"number_of_shards": 1},"mappings": {"properties": {"content": {"type": "text"}}}
}PUT testscore/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "content":"we use Elasticsearch to power the search" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "content":"we like elasticsearch" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "content":"The scoring of documents is caculated by the scoring formula" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "content":"you know, for search" }# the elasticsearch会查出123条数据
# the会查出13数据
POST /testscore/_search
{//"explain": true,"query": {"match": {//"content":"you""content": "elasticsearch"//"content":"the"//"content": "the elasticsearch"}}
}# boosting 查询包含以下关键元素：
# positive: 正面条件，定义了一个条件（这里是 "content": "elasticsearch"），
#           当文档匹配这个条件时，会增加文档的相关性得分。
# negative: 负面条件，定义了另一个条件（这里是 "content": "like"），
#           当文档匹配这个条件时，会减少文档的相关性得分。
# negative_boost: 这个参数指定了负面条件对得分的影响程度。在这个示例中，
#                 设置为 0.2，表示负面条件的匹配与正面条件相比，对相关性得分的影响降低了 80%。
POST testscore/_search
{"query": {"boosting" : {"positive" : {"term" : {"content" : "elasticsearch"}},"negative" : {"term" : {"content" : "like"}},"negative_boost" : 0.2}}
}DELETE testscorePOST tmdb/_search
{"_source": ["title","overview"],"query": {"more_like_this": {"fields": ["title^10","overview"],"like": [{"_id":"14191"}],"min_term_freq": 1,"max_query_terms": 12}}
}

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