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Python Linux解压安装脚本

news 2025/7/8 16:56:21

本脚本用于安装python3.x, 需要指定python版本，如12代表3.12
安装文件下载自 python-build-standalone
我下载的文件后缀是：-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-pgo-full.tar.zst，根据需要自行下载
注意：install_only或tar.gz包的目录没有install这一层文件夹

#!/bin/bash# 参数处理# 第一个参数为python版本，3.x的后一位，必填
# 第二个参数为zip文件夹路径，默认为~/Downloads# 使用示例
# ./install_python.sh -v 12 -d /home/gxc/Downloadsshow_help() {echo "Usage: $0 [options]"echo "  -h, --help            显示帮助信息"echo "  -v, --version         指定python版本，如12代表3.12"echo "  -d, --dir             指定zip文件夹路径，默认为~/Downloads"echo "  -p, --prefix          指定python安装目录，默认为/usr/local/python3x"echo "  -b, --bin             指定python软链接目录，默认为/usr/bin/"echo "  -n, --name            指定python安装目录名，默认为python3x"
}# 解析参数
while [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; docase "$1" in-h|--help)show_helpexit 0;;-v|--version)v=$2shift 2;;-d|--dir)zip_dir=$2shift 2;;-p|--prefix)prefix=$2shift 2;;-b|--bin)bin=$2shift 2;;-n|--name)name=$2shift 2;;*)echo "Unknown option: $1"show_helpexit 1;;esac
doneif [ -z "$v" ]; thenecho "Error: No python3.x version specified, please specify the version, like '12'"exit 1
fipython_version="3.$v"
echo "version: $python_version"zip_dir=${zip_dir:-~/Downloads}
echo "zip dir: $zip_dir"prefix=${prefix:-/usr/local/python3$v}
bin=${bin:-/usr/bin/}
name=${name:-python3$v}py_bin=$prefix/install/bin/python$python_version
py_bin_link=$bin$name
echo "link: $py_bin -> $py_bin_link"# 进入zip_dir
echo "enter $zip_dir"
pushd $zip_dir > /dev/null 2>&1# 使用find命令搜索最新的.zst文件
fp=$(find . -type f -name "cpython-$python_version*.zst" -printf '%T+ %p\n' | sort | tail -n 1 | cut -d' ' -f2-)# 检查是否找到了文件
if [ -z "$fp" ]; thenecho "Error: No .zst file found in the directory: $zip_dir"exit 1
elseecho "The found .zst file is: $fp"read -p "Do you want to continue? (y/n): " answercase $answer in[Yy]* )echo "Continuing..."# 在这里添加你想继续执行的命令;;[Nn]* )echo "Exiting..."exit 0;;* )echo "Invalid input. Exiting..."exit 1;;esac
fiecho "file: $fp"# 删除旧的python解压目录
if [ -a 'python' ]
thenecho "dir 'python' exists, remove it"rm -rf python
fi# 解压
echo "unzip $fp"
tar xf $fp# 检查解压后的文件
echo "check unzip file"
if [ ! -d 'python' ]
thenecho "Error: No 'python' directory found in the zip file: $fp"exit 1
fi
if [ ! -x "./python/install/bin/python$python_version" ]
thenecho "Error: No './python/install/bin/python$python_version' found in the zip file: $fp"exit 1
fi# 删除旧的python安装目录
if [ -a $prefix ] 
thenecho "remove old python"sudo rm -rf $prefix
fi# 移动解压的python到指定目录
echo "move python to $prefix"
sudo mv ./python $prefix# 创建软链接
echo "link $py_bin -> $py_bin_link"
sudo ln -sf $py_bin $py_bin_link# 回到原目录
popd > /dev/null 2>&1echo "finish install python$python_version"