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SpringBoot 整合 Elasticsearch 实现商品搜索

news 2025/7/17 21:57:26

一、Spring Data Elasticsearch

Spring Data Elasticsearch 简介

Spring Data Elasticsearch是Spring提供的一种以Spring Data风格来操作数据存储的方式，它可以避免编写大量的样板代码。

常用注解

常用注解说明如下：

注解名称	作用	参数说明
@Document	用于标识映射到Elasticsearch文档上的领域对象	indexName：索引库的名字，MySQL中数据库的概念
@Setting	ES的配置注解	shards：默认分片数 replicas：默认副本数量
@Id	用于标识文档的ID，文档可以认为是MySQL中表行的概念	无参数
@Field	用于标识文档中的字段，可以认为是MySQL中列的概念	type：文档中字段的类型 index：是否建立倒排索引 store：是否进行存储 analyzer：分词器的名称

其中常用的FieldType类型有如下几种：

public enum FieldType {Auto("auto"), //自动判断字段类型Text("text"), //会进行分词并建了索引的字符类型Keyword("keyword"), //不会进行分词建立索引的类型Long("long"), //Integer("integer"), //Short("short"), //Byte("byte"), //Double("double"), //Float("float"), //Date("date"), //Boolean("boolean"), //Object("object"), //Nested("nested"), //嵌套对象类型Ip("ip"), //
}

Spring Data方式的数据操作

继承ElasticsearchRepository接口可以获得常用的数据操作方法；（Ctrl + F12）

可以使用衍生查询，在接口中直接指定查询方法名称便可查询，无需进行实现，如商品表中有商品名称、标题和关键字，直接定义以下查询，就可以对这三个字段进行全文搜索。

/*** @description 商品ES操作类*/
public interface EsProductRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<EsProduct, Long> {/*** 搜索查询** @param name              商品名称* @param subTitle          商品标题* @param keywords          商品关键字* @param page              分页信息* @return*/Page<EsProduct> findByNameOrSubTitleOrKeywords(String name, String subTitle, String keywords, Pageable page);
}

在编写衍生查询方法时，IDEA会提示对应字段，更多关键字可以参考衍生查询关键字对照表；

衍生查询关键字对照表

Keyword	Sample	Elasticsearch Query String
And	findByNameAndPrice	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "name" ] } }, { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "price" ] } } ] } }}
Or	findByNameOrPrice	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "should" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "name" ] } }, { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "price" ] } } ] } }}
Is	findByName	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "name" ] } } ] } }}
Not	findByNameNot	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must_not" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "name" ] } } ] } }}
Between	findByPriceBetween	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : ?, "to" : ?, "include_lower" : true, "include_upper" : true } } } ] } }}
LessThan	findByPriceLessThan	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : null, "to" : ?, "include_lower" : true, "include_upper" : false } } } ] } }}
LessThanEqual	findByPriceLessThanEqual	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : null, "to" : ?, "include_lower" : true, "include_upper" : true } } } ] } }}
GreaterThan	findByPriceGreaterThan	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : ?, "to" : null, "include_lower" : false, "include_upper" : true } } } ] } }}
GreaterThanEqual	findByPriceGreaterThan	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : ?, "to" : null, "include_lower" : true, "include_upper" : true } } } ] } }}
Before	findByPriceBefore	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : null, "to" : ?, "include_lower" : true, "include_upper" : true } } } ] } }}
After	findByPriceAfter	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"range" : {"price" : {"from" : ?, "to" : null, "include_lower" : true, "include_upper" : true } } } ] } }}
Like	findByNameLike	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?*", "fields" : [ "name" ] }, "analyze_wildcard": true } ] } }}
StartingWith	findByNameStartingWith	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?*", "fields" : [ "name" ] }, "analyze_wildcard": true } ] } }}
EndingWith	findByNameEndingWith	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "*?", "fields" : [ "name" ] }, "analyze_wildcard": true } ] } }}
Contains/Containing	findByNameContaining	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "?", "fields" : [ "name" ] }, "analyze_wildcard": true } ] } }}
In (when annotated as FieldType.Keyword)	findByNameIn(Collectionnames)	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"bool" : {"must" : [ {"terms" : {"name" : ["?","?"]}} ] } } ] } }}
In	findByNameIn(Collectionnames)	{ "query": {"bool": {"must": [{"query_string":{"query": ""?" "?"", "fields": ["name"]}}]}}}
NotIn (when annotated as FieldType.Keyword)	findByNameNotIn(Collectionnames)	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"bool" : {"must_not" : [ {"terms" : {"name" : ["?","?"]}} ] } } ] } }}
NotIn	findByNameNotIn(Collectionnames)	{"query": {"bool": {"must": [{"query_string": {"query": "NOT("?" "?")", "fields": ["name"]}}]}}}
True	findByAvailableTrue	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "true", "fields" : [ "available" ] } } ] } }}
False	findByAvailableFalse	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "false", "fields" : [ "available" ] } } ] } }}
OrderBy	findByAvailableTrueOrderByNameDesc	{ "query" : { "bool" : { "must" : [ { "query_string" : { "query" : "true", "fields" : [ "available" ] } } ] } }, "sort":[{"name":{"order":"desc"}}] }
Exists	findByNameExists	{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"exists":{"field":"name"}}]}}}
IsNull	findByNameIsNull	{"query":{"bool":{"must_not":[{"exists":{"field":"name"}}]}}}
IsNotNull	findByNameIsNotNull	{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"exists":{"field":"name"}}]}}}
IsEmpty	findByNameIsEmpty	{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"bool":{"must":[{"exists":{"field":"name"}}],"must_not":[{"wildcard":{"name":{"wildcard":"*"}}}]}}]}}}
IsNotEmpty	findByNameIsNotEmpty	{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"wildcard":{"name":{"wildcard":"*"}}}]}}}

通过@Query注解可以使用Elasticsearch的原生DSL语句进行查询；

/*** @description 商品ES操作类*/
public interface EsProductRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<EsProduct, Long> {@Query("{"bool" : {"must" : {"field" : {"name" : " ? 0"}}}}")Page<EsProduct> findByName(String name, Pageable pageable);
}

二、项目使用表结构说明

pms_product：商品信息表；
pms_product_attribute：商品属性参数表；
pms_product_attribute_value：存储产品参数值的表。

三、整合Elasticsearch实现商品搜索

整合依赖及配置

在pom.xml中添加相关依赖；

<!--Elasticsearch相关依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

修改application.yml配置文件，在spring节点下添加Elasticsearch相关配置；

spring:data:elasticsearch:repositories:enabled: true # 开启ES仓库配置，自动为仓库接口生成实现类elasticsearch:uris: http://localhost:9200 # ES的连接地址及端口号

运行后可以验证一下

实现商品搜索功能

添加商品文档对象EsProduct，不需要中文分词的字段设置成Keyword类型，需要中文分词的设置成Text类型，并设置分词器为ik_max_word；

/*** @description 搜索商品的信息*/
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode
@Document(indexName = "pms")
@Setting(shards = 1,replicas = 0)
public class EsProduct implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = -1L;@Idprivate Long id;@Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)private String productSn;private Long brandId;@Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)private String brandName;private Long productCategoryId;@Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)private String productCategoryName;private String pic;@Field(analyzer = "ik_max_word",type = FieldType.Text)private String name;@Field(analyzer = "ik_max_word",type = FieldType.Text)private String subTitle;@Field(analyzer = "ik_max_word",type = FieldType.Text)private String keywords;private BigDecimal price;private Integer sale;private Integer newStatus;private Integer recommandStatus;private Integer stock;private Integer promotionType;private Integer sort;@Field(type =FieldType.Nested)private List<EsProductAttributeValue> attrValueList;
}

继承ElasticsearchRepository接口，这样就拥有了一些基本的Elasticsearch数据操作方法，同时定义了一个衍生查询方法；

/*** @description 商品ES操作类*/
public interface EsProductRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<EsProduct, Long> {/*** 搜索查询** @param name              商品名称* @param subTitle          商品标题* @param keywords          商品关键字* @param page              分页信息* @return*/Page<EsProduct> findByNameOrSubTitleOrKeywords(String name, String subTitle, String keywords, Pageable page);}

添加EsProductService，定义好ES的操作方法；

/*** @description 商品搜索管理Service*/
public interface EsProductService {/*** 从数据库中导入所有商品到ES*/int importAll();/*** 根据id删除商品*/void delete(Long id);/*** 根据id创建商品*/EsProduct create(Long id);/*** 批量删除商品*/void delete(List<Long> ids);/*** 根据关键字搜索名称或者副标题*/Page<EsProduct> search(String keyword, Integer pageNum, Integer pageSize);}

添加EsProductService接口的实现类EsProductServiceImpl；

/*** @description 搜索商品管理Service实现类*/
@Service
public class EsProductServiceImpl implements EsProductService {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EsProductServiceImpl.class);@Autowiredprivate EsProductDao productDao;@Autowiredprivate EsProductRepository productRepository;@Overridepublic int importAll() {List<EsProduct> esProductList = productDao.getAllEsProductList(null);Iterable<EsProduct> esProductIterable = productRepository.saveAll(esProductList);Iterator<EsProduct> iterator = esProductIterable.iterator();int result = 0;while (iterator.hasNext()) {result++;iterator.next();}return result;}@Overridepublic void delete(Long id) {productRepository.deleteById(id);}@Overridepublic EsProduct create(Long id) {EsProduct result = null;List<EsProduct> esProductList = productDao.getAllEsProductList(id);if (esProductList.size() > 0) {EsProduct esProduct = esProductList.get(0);result = productRepository.save(esProduct);}return result;}@Overridepublic void delete(List<Long> ids) {if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(ids)) {List<EsProduct> esProductList = new ArrayList<>();for (Long id : ids) {EsProduct esProduct = new EsProduct();esProduct.setId(id);esProductList.add(esProduct);}productRepository.deleteAll(esProductList);}}@Overridepublic Page<EsProduct> search(String keyword, Integer pageNum, Integer pageSize) {Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(pageNum, pageSize);return productRepository.findByNameOrSubTitleOrKeywords(keyword, keyword, keyword, pageable);}}

添加EsProductController定义接口。

/*** @description 搜索商品管理Controller*/
@Controller
@Api(tags = "EsProductController")
@Tag(name = "EsProductController", description = "搜索商品管理")
@RequestMapping("/esProduct")
public class EsProductController {@Autowiredprivate EsProductService esProductService;@ApiOperation(value = "导入所有数据库中商品到ES")@RequestMapping(value = "/importAll", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic CommonResult<Integer> importAllList() {int count = esProductService.importAll();return CommonResult.success(count);}@ApiOperation(value = "根据id删除商品")@RequestMapping(value = "/delete/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBodypublic CommonResult<Object> delete(@PathVariable Long id) {esProductService.delete(id);return CommonResult.success(null);}@ApiOperation(value = "根据id批量删除商品")@RequestMapping(value = "/delete/batch", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic CommonResult<Object> delete(@RequestParam("ids") List<Long> ids) {esProductService.delete(ids);return CommonResult.success(null);}@ApiOperation(value = "根据id创建商品")@RequestMapping(value = "/create/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic CommonResult<EsProduct> create(@PathVariable Long id) {EsProduct esProduct = esProductService.create(id);if (esProduct != null) {return CommonResult.success(esProduct);} else {return CommonResult.failed();}}@ApiOperation(value = "简单搜索")@RequestMapping(value = "/search/simple", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBodypublic CommonResult<CommonPage<EsProduct>> search(@RequestParam(required = false) String keyword,@RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "0") Integer pageNum,@RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "5") Integer pageSize) {Page<EsProduct> esProductPage = esProductService.search(keyword, pageNum, pageSize);return CommonResult.success(CommonPage.restPage(esProductPage));}
}