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C#中处理Socket粘包

news 2025/7/7 20:56:25

在C#中使用Socket进行网络通信时，粘包问题是常见的。粘包问题通常发生在TCP协议中，因为TCP是流式协议，数据可能会被分割成多个包发送，也可能多个小包会被合并成一个大包接收。

处理粘包问题的常见方法是使用消息分隔符或消息长度前缀。以下是使用消息长度前缀来处理粘包问题的示例代码。

发送端代码

在发送端，每条消息的前面加上一个固定长度的消息长度前缀。

using System;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;public class Client
{public static void SendMessage(Socket socket, string message){byte[] messageBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);byte[] lengthPrefix = BitConverter.GetBytes(messageBytes.Length);byte[] packet = new byte[lengthPrefix.Length + messageBytes.Length];Buffer.BlockCopy(lengthPrefix, 0, packet, 0, lengthPrefix.Length);Buffer.BlockCopy(messageBytes, 0, packet, lengthPrefix.Length, messageBytes.Length);socket.Send(packet);}
}

接收端代码

在接收端，首先读取消息长度前缀，然后根据长度前缀读取完整的消息。

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;public class Server
{private const int LengthPrefixSize = 4;public static void StartListening(){IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 11000);Socket listener = new Socket(IPAddress.Any.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);try{listener.Bind(localEndPoint);listener.Listen(10);while (true){Socket handler = listener.Accept();ProcessClient(handler);}}catch (Exception e){Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());}}private static void ProcessClient(Socket handler){byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int bytesRead = 0;while (true){// Read the length prefixbytesRead = handler.Receive(buffer, 0, LengthPrefixSize, SocketFlags.None);if (bytesRead == 0)break;int messageLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);// Read the messageint totalBytesRead = 0;byte[] messageBuffer = new byte[messageLength];while (totalBytesRead < messageLength){bytesRead = handler.Receive(messageBuffer, totalBytesRead, messageLength - totalBytesRead, SocketFlags.None);if (bytesRead == 0)break;totalBytesRead += bytesRead;}string message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(messageBuffer);Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", message);}handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);handler.Close();}
}