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传统方式实现SpringMVC

news 2025/8/25 3:16:35

一、初次尝试SpringMVC

1.1、在pom.xml中添加依赖

    <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version></dependency>

1.1、添加Spring的配置文件beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--开启MVC框架注解--><mvc:annotation-driven/><!--开启注解扫描--><context:component-scan base-package="demo.controller"/>
<!-- 添加视图解析 --><bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><!-- 前缀（目录） --><!--        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>--><property name="prefix" value="/views/"/><!-- 后缀 --><property name="suffix" value=".html"/></bean>
</beans>

1.3、在web.xml中配置SpringMVC

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN""http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app><!--配置DispatcherServlet--><servlet><servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><!--配置dispatcher.xml作为mvc的配置文件--><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

1.4、在web.xml中配置允许访问静态文件

<!-- 允许访问静态文件 --><servlet-mapping><servlet-name >default</servlet-name ><url-pattern >*.js</url-pattern></servlet-mapping ><servlet-mapping ><servlet-name >default</servlet-name ><url-pattern >*.css</url-pattern></servlet-mapping ><servlet-mapping ><servlet-name >default</servlet-name ><url-pattern >*.html</url-pattern></servlet-mapping ><servlet-mapping ><servlet-name >default</servlet-name ><url-pattern >*.gif</url-pattern></servlet-mapping >

1.5、在webapp文件夹下添加demo01.html

在\webapp\views\文件夹下创建demo01.html文件

<body>你好SpringMVC
</body>

1.6、添加Controller

package demo.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class DemoController {@RequestMapping("/index")public String index1(){return "demo01";}
}

1.6、浏览器访问测试

在浏览器中访问controller，可以正常跳转到demo01.html

二、添加JSON支持

2.1、在beans.xml中添加JSON的消息转换器

pom.xml中添加fastjson依赖

<!--json--><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind --><dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId><version>2.13.1</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.79</version></dependency>

beans.xml中进行配置

    <!--解决json 乱码配置--><mvc:annotation-driven><mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true"><bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"><constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/></bean><bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"><property name="objectMapper"><bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean"><property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/></bean></property></bean></mvc:message-converters></mvc:annotation-driven>

2.2、添加User实体

public class User {private int id;private String uname;//省略Getter和Setter
}

2.3、在Controller中测试

package demo.controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class TestController {@RequestMapping("/test2")public User test2(){User user = new User(1001, "张三");return user;}
}