一、单例模式
- 单例模式是一种创建型的设计模式,构造函数是私有的,因此只能在类中创建一个实例,且对外提供一个静态公有方法获取这个实例。
二、创建方法
1. 懒汉式(线程不安全)
public class Singleton{private static Singleton instance;private Singleton(){}public static Singleton getInstance(){if(instance==null){ instance = new Singleton();}return instance;}
}
2. 懒汉式(线程安全)
public class Singleton{private static Singleton instance;private Singleton(){}public synchronized static Singleton getInstance(){if(instance==null){instance=new Singleton();}return instance;}
3. 双重检查锁(DCL,Double-Checked Locking)(线程安全)
public class Singleton{private volatile static Singleton instance;private Singleton(){};public static Singleton getInstance(){if(instance==null){synchronized(Singleton.class){if(instance==null){instance=new Singleton();}}}return instance;}
}
4. 饿汉式(线程安全)
public class Singleton{private final static Singleton instance=new Singleton();private Singleton(){}public static Singleton getInstance(){return instance;}
5. 静态内部类(线程安全)
public class Singleton{private Singleton(){}private static class InnerClass{private final static Singleton INSTANCE=new Singleton();} public static Singleton getInstance(){return InnerClass.INSTANCE;}
}
6. 枚举类(线程安全)
public enum Singleton{INSTANCE;public void doSomething(String str){System.out.println(str);}
}