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RabbitMQ实践——使用WebFlux响应式方式实时返回队列中消息

news 2025/6/29 22:28:16

大纲

Pom.xml
监听队列
实时返回消息
测试
完整代码
工程代码

在之前的案例中，我们在管理后台收发消息都是通过短连接的形式。本文我们将探索对队列中消息的实时读取，并通过流式数据返回给客户端。
webflux是反应式Web框架，客户端可以通过一个长连接和服务端相连，后续服务端可以通过该连接持续给客户端发送消息。可以达到：发送一次，多次接收的效果。

Pom.xml

由于我们要使用Rabbitmq，所以要新增如下依赖

		<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId><artifactId>spring-rabbit-stream</artifactId></dependency>

webflux的依赖如下：

		<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>io.projectreactor</groupId><artifactId>reactor-core</artifactId><version>3.6.7</version></dependency>

监听队列

下面代码会返回一个监听队列的Container

    private SimpleMessageListenerContainer getListener(String queueName, MessageListener messageListener) {lock.lock();try {SimpleMessageListenerContainer listener = listeners.get(queueName);if (listener == null && messageListener != null) {listener = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();listener.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);listener.setQueueNames(queueName);listener.setMessageListener(messageListener);listeners.put(queueName, listener);}return listener;} finally {lock.unlock();}}

实时返回消息

一旦消费者读取到消息，onMessage方法会被调用。然后Flux的消费者会将消息投递到流上。

    public Flux<String> listen(String queueName) {return Flux.create(emitter -> {SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = getListener(queueName, new MessageListener() {@Overridepublic void onMessage(Message message) {String msg = new String(message.getBody());System.out.println("listen function Received message: " + msg);emitter.next(msg);}});container.start();});}

测试

由于OpenApi不能支持实时展现流式数据，所以我们采用Postman来测试。
发送请求后，该页面一直处于滚动状态。
在这里插入图片描述
在管理后台发送一条消息

可以看到Postman收到了该消息

然后在发一条，Postman又会收到一条

这样我们就完成了“请求一次，多次返回”的效果。

完整代码

需要注意的是，返回的格式需要标记为produces = “text/event-stream”。

// controller
package com.rabbitmq.consumer.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.rabbitmq.consumer.service.ConsumerService;import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
public class ConsumerController {@Autowiredprivate ConsumerService comsumerService;@GetMapping(value = "/listen", produces = "text/event-stream")public Flux<String> listen(@RequestParam String queueName) {return comsumerService.listen(queueName);}
}

// service
package com.rabbitmq.consumer.service;import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;@Service
public class ConsumerService {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();private Map<String, SimpleMessageListenerContainer> listeners = new java.util.HashMap<>();@PostConstructpublic void init() {connectionFactory = rabbitTemplate.getConnectionFactory();}public Flux<String> listen(String queueName) {return Flux.create(emitter -> {SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = getListener(queueName, new MessageListener() {@Overridepublic void onMessage(Message message) {String msg = new String(message.getBody());System.out.println("listen function Received message: " + msg);emitter.next(msg);}});container.start();});}private SimpleMessageListenerContainer getListener(String queueName, MessageListener messageListener) {lock.lock();try {SimpleMessageListenerContainer listener = listeners.get(queueName);if (listener == null && messageListener != null) {listener = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();listener.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);listener.setQueueNames(queueName);listener.setMessageListener(messageListener);listeners.put(queueName, listener);}return listener;} finally {lock.unlock();}}
}